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Python_Lists_and_Sets_Guide

This document provides a beginner's guide to Lists and Sets in Python, detailing their characteristics, methods, and differences. Lists are ordered and mutable collections that allow duplicates, while Sets are unordered and immutable collections that store unique elements. The guide includes examples of common methods for both data structures and their appropriate use cases.

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6 views

Python_Lists_and_Sets_Guide

This document provides a beginner's guide to Lists and Sets in Python, detailing their characteristics, methods, and differences. Lists are ordered and mutable collections that allow duplicates, while Sets are unordered and immutable collections that store unique elements. The guide includes examples of common methods for both data structures and their appropriate use cases.

Uploaded by

dagiyoni924
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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jkrPython Lists & Sets – Beginner Guide

1. Lists in Python
A list is an ordered, mutable (changeable) collection that can store different data types.

✨ Creating a List
fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry']
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
mixed = ['hello', 42, 3.14, True]

🔹 Common List Methods


| Method | Description & Example |
|--------|----------------------|
| append(x) | Adds x to the end. fruits.append('orange') |
| insert(i, x) | Inserts x at index i. fruits.insert(1, 'grape') |
| extend(iterable) | Adds multiple items. fruits.extend(['kiwi', 'mango']) |
| remove(x) | Removes first occurrence of x. fruits.remove('banana') |
| pop(i) | Removes and returns element at index i (default last). fruits.pop(2) |
| index(x) | Returns index of x. fruits.index('cherry') |
| count(x) | Counts occurrences of x. fruits.count('apple') |
| reverse() | Reverses the list. fruits.reverse() |
| clear() | Removes all elements. fruits.clear() |
| len(list) | Returns number of elements. len(fruits) |

🔹 Example: Using List Methods


fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry']
fruits.append('orange') # ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'orange']
fruits.insert(1, 'grape') # ['apple', 'grape', 'banana', 'cherry', 'orange']
fruits.pop() # Removes 'orange'
print(fruits) # ['apple', 'grape', 'banana', 'cherry']

2. Sets in Python
A set is an unordered, immutable (unchangeable) collection that stores unique elements (no
duplicates).

✨ Creating a Set
numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
fruits = {'apple', 'banana', 'cherry'}
🔹 Common Set Methods
| Method | Description & Example |
|--------|----------------------|
| add(x) | Adds x to the set. fruits.add('orange') |
| remove(x) | Removes x. fruits.remove('banana') |
| discard(x) | Removes x (No error if not found). fruits.discard('banana') |
| pop() | Removes a random element. fruits.pop() |
| clear() | Removes all elements. fruits.clear() |
| union(set2) | Combines sets. set1.union(set2) |
| intersection(set2) | Finds common elements. set1.intersection(set2) |
| difference(set2) | Finds products unique to set1. set1.difference(set2) |
| issubset(set2) | Checks if set1 is inside set2. set1.issubset(set2) |
| issuperset(set2) | Checks if set1 contains set2. set1.issuperset(set2) |

🔹 Example: Using Set Methods


set1 = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
set2 = {4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
set1.add(6) # {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
set1.remove(2) # {1, 3, 4, 5, 6}
common = set1.intersection(set2) # {4, 5, 6}
all_items = set1.union(set2) # {1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
print(common, all_items)

3. Lists vs. Sets – Key Differences


| Feature | Lists | Sets |
|---------|-------|------|
| Order | Ordered | Unordered |
| Duplicates | Allowed | Not allowed |
| Indexing | Yes | No |
| Mutable | Yes | Yes (but unordered) |
| Common Uses | Storing data in sequence | Removing duplicates, mathematical operations |

4. Summary
✅ Use Lists when order matters, and you need indexing or duplicate values.
✅ Use Sets when you need unique values and fast lookups (removing duplicates, set
operations).

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