Scribd
Upload
4 views5 pages

Os Assignment - 2 Solved

The document defines key operating system concepts such as system calls, APIs, virtual machines, and kernel modes, while also distinguishing between monolithic and microkernels. It outlines various services provided by operating systems, methods for passing parameters, types of system calls, system programs, and layers of operating systems. Additionally, it discusses the advantages and disadvantages of microkernels and virtual machine monitors, along with features of MS-DOS and components of UNIX.

Uploaded by

khawla2076
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
4 views5 pages

Os Assignment - 2 Solved

The document defines key operating system concepts such as system calls, APIs, virtual machines, and kernel modes, while also distinguishing between monolithic and microkernels. It outlines various services provided by operating systems, methods for passing parameters, types of system calls, system programs, and layers of operating systems. Additionally, it discusses the advantages and disadvantages of microkernels and virtual machine monitors, along with features of MS-DOS and components of UNIX.

Uploaded by

khawla2076
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

Exercise 2 for Ch.

1) Define the following terms: Provide the interface between a running program and OS
➢ System Calls : Programming interface to the services provided by the OS ,
typically written in high level language " C or C++ ".

➢ API( Application Program Interface) : It is a set of protocols & tools for


guiding software applications.

➢ Virtual Machines : is an emulation of a particular computer system.


provide multiple VM across multiplex physical hardware

➢ Kernel Mode : schedules the tasks, manages data/file access and storage,
enforces security mechanisms and performs all hardware access.

➢ Monolithic Kernel : User and monolithic services are kept in same address
space.
1- OS is large in size.
2- execution speed is high.

➢ Micro-Kernel : User services and kernel services are kept in separate address
space .
1- OS is smaller in size.
2- execution speed is low.

➢ Virtual machine monitor (VMM) : Virtual machine monitor (VMM) or


hypervisor is software that supports VMs , It acts as the control and
translation system between the VMs and the hardware.

➢ MS-DOS Operating System : MS-DOS has simple structure, it was written to


provide the most functionality in the least space, it was Not divided into
modules and Interfaces and levels of functionality not well separated.
2) Identify six services or components provided by an operating system?
- Program execution .
- File system.
- Error detection
- Accounting
- Protection
- I/O operations
3) Describe three general methods for passing parameters to the operating
system. :
a. Simplest: pass the parameters in registers
b. Parameters stored in a block, or table, in memory, and address of
block passed as a parameter in a register
c. Parameters placed, or pushed, onto the stack by the program and
popped off the stack by the operating system

4) List five types of System calls with their functions? :


- File management (create file, delete file open, close file read, write,
reposition)
- Device management (request device, release device read, write,
reposition get device attributes, set device attributes logically attach or
detach devices)
- Process control (end, abort load, execute create process, terminate
process)
- Information maintenance (get time or date, set time or date get system
data, set system data get and set process, file, or device attributes)
- Communications (create, delete communication connection send,
receive messages , transfer status information , attach and detach
remote devices)

5) Identify five types of System programs?


a. File manipulation
b. Status information
c. File modification
d. Programming language support
e. Program loading and execution
6) List the three layers (Levels) of operating system. :

layer (layer 0) is hardware and Highest layer (layer N) is the user interface.
1- User interface.
2- VM interface.
3- Hardware interface.

7) What are the advantages of the microkernel approach? What are the
disadvantages of using the microkernel approach?

Advantages: Easier to extend a microkernel, Easier to port OS to new


architectures, More reliable (less code is running in kernel mode) and Fault
Isolation (parts of kernel protected from other parts) and More secure.
Disadvantage : execution speed is low.

8) What are the advantages of Virtual machine monitor (VMM)? :


VMM determines how to map virtual resources to physical ones,
It acts as the control and translation system between the VMs and the
hardware.
9) List are four important uses of virtual machines?

- Multiple OSes
- Protection
- Software Management.
- Hardware Management.

10) List four features of MS-DOS?


• Single-tasking.
• Shell invoked when system booted .
• Simple method to run program No process created
• Single memory space

11) Describe four main component of UNIX operating system?


- Kernel schedules the tasks, manages data/file access and storage, enforces
security mechanisms and performs all hardware access.
- Shell presents each user with a prompt, interprets commands types by a
user executes user commands, and supports a custom environment for each
user.

- Utilities programs are file management, user management ,process


management and printing

12) List four Implementation Issues with operating systems?


-Policy vs. Mechanism
-Algorithms used
-Event models used
-System generation/configuration

13) What are the differences between Monolithic Kernel and


Microkernel? (Show an example)
Micro Kernel :
User services and kernel services are kept in separate address space .
1- OS is smaller in size.
2- execution speed is low.
Ex: Mac OS and WinNT.

Monolithic Kernel :
User and monolithic services are kept in same address space.
1- OS is large in size.
2- execution speed is high.
Ex: Unix and Linux.

You might also like