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Tutor: Sanjay Kumar

Reference: UDEMY
Course: XPath Tutorial from basic to advance level
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1. Document prepared by
a. Rajat Verma
i. Github Profile: https://github.com/rajatt95

ii. Github Page: https://rajatt95.github.io

iii. LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/rajatt95

iv. Topmate: https://topmate.io/rajatt95

v. Telegram: https://t.me/rajatt95

vi. Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/rajattvermaa95

vii. Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@rajatt95

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2. Test Automation Frameworks available on Github
a. WEB

i. Selenium WebDriver + Java

ii. Cypress + (Javascript and Typescript)

iii. Playwright + (Javascript and Typescript)

b. MOBILE

i. Appium + Java
c. API

i. Rest Assured + Java

ii. Requests + Python

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3. Documents:

a. Github repository: https://github.com/rajatt95/Documents

b. Google Drive:
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1tne9pZjgWvfrS0l9tVHs6k1jnQHpTLoA

4. Last worked on this Document:

a. Nov 26, 2022

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========1_Introduction & basic concepts of XPath==========
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1. XPath:
a. Each and every element on the web page has its own address
b. XPath is the address of an element

2. Importance of XPath:
a. As Important as the Tyres of a car
b. Scripts should not break
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3. How to write XPath:
a. Absolute: Single forward-slash (/)
i. Coming to Element step-by-step
ii. This makes XPath performance very slow
iii. Starts from HTML tag
b. Relative: Double forward-slash (//)
i. Directly jump to the element
c. XPath syntax functions
i. /tagName
ii. //tagName[@attribute=’attributeValue’]
iii. AND, OR functions
iv. text(), normalize-space(), .
v. Index, position.last,etc.
vi. Relative XPath using axes
vii. Relative XPath without using axes

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4. What is the right platform to write and verify XPath:

a. Chrome DevTools
b. Console $x
c. Using SelectorsHub
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5. Get all the links on the page:

a. ChromeDevTools
i. It actually matches the String as well
ii. Therefore, it gives the wrong count

1.
iii. Search: Not only for XPath
1. Find By String, Selector, or XPath
b. SelectorsHub

i.
ii. SVG elements, Frames, Shadow DOM
iii. Intelli sense

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===2_Writing normal XPath and relative XPath with advanced concepts=====
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1. Relative XPath:
a. //tagName[@attribute=’attributeValue’]
b. //tagName[contains(@attribute,’subStringOfattributeValue’)]
c. //tagName[text()=’value’]
d. //tagName[contains(text(),’value’)]
e. //tagName[normalize-space()=’value’]
i. normalize-space() -> removes the unnecessary spaces
f. //a[@title='Platform' and @class='dropdown-toggle']
g. //a[@title='Platform' or @class='dropdown-toggle']

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NOTE:
1. text() -> not supported by cssSelector
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1. Relative XPath using Axes:

a. Following
b. Preceding
c. Ancestor - Grandparents
d. Descendant
2. https://testproject.io/
a. XPath for Forum w.r.t. Blog -
i. //a[@title='Blog']/ancestor::ul//a[@title='Forum']
1. XPath for Blog
2. Go to common Parent
3. Traverse to Forum
b. XPath for Platform w.r.t. Blog -
i. //a[@title='Blog']/ancestor::ul//a[@title='Platform']
c. XPath for SignUp w.r.t. Login-
i. //a[normalize-space()='Login']/ancestor::ul//a[contains(.,'Free Sign
Up')]

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========3_XPath for special types of Elements==========
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1. SVG elements:
a. These are the vector elements
b. Used to provide the icons over the web page
c. https://testproject.io/

d.
e. //a[@href='https://twitter.com/TestProject_io']//*[local-name()='svg']
f. SVG element : //*[local-name()=’svg’]
g. Path element : //*[name()=’path’]
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2. Shadow DOM elements:

a. XPath does not support Shadow DOM or vice-versa
b. It is DOM inside DOM
c. Starts with #shadow-root

d.
e. Shadow DOM
i. Open -> we can access DOM inside it
ii. Close -> we can not access -> SECURITY
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3. iFrames:

a.
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4. Dynamic elements (which disappear from DOM):
a. Right-click -> Selectors Hub -> Copy Relative XPath

i.

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b. Turn on Debugger

i.
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========4_Tips and tricks==========
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1.

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========5_Locator Challenge==========
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1. Get text using XPath:

a.
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1.
2. //ul[@class=’footer__socials’]//a/@href -> Gives all the links

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1. Documents

a. Github repository: https://github.com/rajatt95/Documents

b. Google Drive:
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1tne9pZjgWvfrS0l9tVHs6k1jnQHpTLoA

2. Learnings from Tutor (Code Repository)

a. This course:
i. https://github.com/stars/rajatt95/lists/udemy-oc-selenium
b. Other course(s):
i. https://github.com/stars/rajatt95/lists/udemy-omprakash-chavan

3. To connect

a.
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