Chapter 6: Android – Fragments

A Fragment is a piece of an activity which enable more modular activity design. It will not be
wrong if we say, a fragment is a kind of sub-activity.

Following are important points about fragment −

 A fragment has its own layout and its own behaviour with its own life cycle callbacks.
 You can add or remove fragments in an activity while the activity is running.
 You can combine multiple fragments in a single activity to build a multi-pane UI.
 A fragment can be used in multiple activities.
 Fragment life cycle is closely related to the life cycle of its host activity which means
when the activity is paused, all the fragments available in the activity will also be
stopped.
 A fragment can implement a behaviour that has no user interface component.
 Fragments were added to the Android API in Honeycomb version of Android which API
version 11.

You create fragments by extending Fragment class and You can insert a fragment into your
activity layout by declaring the fragment in the activity's layout file, as a <fragment> element.

Prior to fragment introduction, we had a limitation because we can show only a single activity
on the screen at one given point in time. So we were not able to divide device screen and control
different parts separately. But with the introduction of fragment we got more flexibility and
removed the limitation of having a single activity on the screen at a time. Now we can have a
single activity but each activity can comprise of multiple fragments which will have their own
layout, events and complete life cycle.

Following is a typical example of how two UI modules defined by fragments can be combined
into one activity for a tablet design, but separated for a handset design.
The application can embed two fragments in Activity A, when running on a tablet-sized device.
However, on a handset-sized screen, there's not enough room for both fragments, so Activity A
includes only the fragment for the list of articles, and when the user selects an article, it starts
Activity B, which includes the second fragment to read the article.

Fragment Life Cycle

Android fragments have their own life cycle very similar to an android activity. This section
briefs different stages of its life cycle.
 FRAGMENT LIFECYCLE
Here is the list of methods which you can to override in your fragment class −

 onAttach()The fragment instance is associated with an activity instance.The fragment

and the activity is not fully initialized. Typically you get in this method a reference to
the activity which uses the fragment for further initialization work.
 onCreate() The system calls this method when creating the fragment. You should
initialize essential components of the fragment that you want to retain when the
fragment is paused or stopped, then resumed.
 onCreateView() The system calls this callback when it's time for the fragment to draw
its user interface for the first time. To draw a UI for your fragment, you must return
a View component from this method that is the root of your fragment's layout. You can
return null if the fragment does not provide a UI.
 onActivityCreated()The onActivityCreated() is called after the onCreateView() method
when the host activity is created. Activity and fragment instance have been created as
well as the view hierarchy of the activity. At this point, view can be accessed with the
findViewById() method. example. In this method you can instantiate objects which
require a Context object
 onStart()The onStart() method is called once the fragment gets visible.
 onResume()Fragment becomes active.
 onPause() The system calls this method as the first indication that the user is leaving the
fragment. This is usually where you should commit any changes that should be persisted
beyond the current user session.
 onStop()Fragment going to be stopped by calling onStop()
 onDestroyView()Fragment view will destroy after call this method
 onDestroy()onDestroy() called to do final clean up of the fragment's state but Not
guaranteed to be called by the Android platform.

How to use Fragments?

This involves number of simple steps to create Fragments.

 First of all decide how many fragments you want to use in an activity. For example let's
we want to use two fragments to handle landscape and portrait modes of the device.
 Next based on number of fragments, create classes which will extend the Fragment class.
The Fragment class has above mentioned callback functions. You can override any of
the functions based on your requirements.
  Corresponding to each fragment, you will need to create layout files in XML file. These
files will have layout for the defined fragments.
 Finally modify activity file to define the actual logic of replacing fragments based on
your requirement.

Types of Fragments
Basically fragments are divided as three stages as shown below.

 Single frame fragments − Single frame fragments are using for hand hold devices like
mobiles, here we can show only one fragment as a view.
 List fragments − fragments having special list view is called as list fragment
 Fragments transaction − Using with fragment transaction. we can move one fragment to
another fragment.

Android - Single Fragments

Single Frame Fragment

Single frame fragment is designed for small screen devices such as hand hold devices(mobiles)
and it should be above android 3.0 version.

Example
This example will explain you how to create your own Fragments. Here we will create two
fragments and one of them will be used when device is in landscape mode and another fragment
will be used in case of portrait mode. So let's follow the following steps to similar to what we
followed while creating Hello World Example −

Ste Description
p

1 You will use Android StudioIDE to create an Android application and name it
as MyFragments under a package com.example.myfragments, with blank Activity.

2 Modify main activity file MainActivity.java as shown below in the code. Here we
will check orientation of the device and accordingly we will switch between
different fragments.

3 Create a two java files PM_Fragment.java and LM_Fragement.java under the

package com.example.myfragments to define your fragments and associated
 methods.

4 Create layouts
files res/layout/lm_fragment.xml and res/layout/pm_fragment.xml and define your
layouts for both the fragments.

5 Modify the default content of res/layout/activity_main.xml file to include both the

fragments.

6 Define required constants in res/values/strings.xml file

7 Run the application to launch Android emulator and verify the result of the changes
done in the application.

Following is the content of the modified main activity file MainActivity.java −

package com.example.myfragments;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.app.FragmentManager;

import android.app.FragmentTransaction;

import android.content.res.Configuration;

import android.os.Bundle;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

/** Called when the activity is first created. */

@Override

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

Configuration config = getResources().getConfiguration();

FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();

FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();

/**

* Check the device orientation and act accordingly

*/

if (config.orientation == Configuration.ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE) {

/**

* Landscape mode of the device

*/

LM_Fragement ls_fragment = new LM_Fragement();

fragmentTransaction.replace(android.R.id.content, ls_fragment);

}else{

/**

* Portrait mode of the device

*/

PM_Fragement pm_fragment = new PM_Fragement();

fragmentTransaction.replace(android.R.id.content, pm_fragment);

fragmentTransaction.commit();

}
}

Create two fragment files LM_Fragement.java and PM_Fragment.java

Following is the content of LM_Fragement.java file −

package com.example.myfragments;

import android.app.Fragment;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.view.LayoutInflater;

import android.view.View;

import android.view.ViewGroup;

/**

* Created by TutorialsPoint7 on 8/23/2016.

*/

public class LM_Fragement extends Fragment {

@Override

public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle

savedInstanceState) {

/**

* Inflate the layout for this fragment

*/

return inflater.inflate(R.layout.lm_fragment, container, false);

}
Following is the content of PM_Fragement.java file −

package com.example.myfragments;

import android.app.Fragment;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.view.LayoutInflater;

import android.view.View;

import android.view.ViewGroup;

/**

* Created by TutorialsPoint7 on 8/23/2016.

*/

public class PM_Fragement extends Fragment {

@Override

public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle

savedInstanceState) {

/**

* Inflate the layout for this fragment

*/

return inflater.inflate(R.layout.pm_fragment, container, false);

Create two layout files lm_fragment.xml and pm_fragment.xml under res/layout directory.

Following is the content of lm_fragement.xml file −

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:orientation="vertical"

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="fill_parent"

android:background="#7bae16">

<TextView

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="@string/landscape_message"

android:textColor="#000000"

android:textSize="20px" />

<!-- More GUI components go here -->

</LinearLayout>

Following is the content of pm_fragment.xml file −

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:orientation="horizontal"

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="fill_parent"
 android:background="#666666">

<TextView

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="@string/portrait_message"

android:textColor="#000000"

android:textSize="20px" />

<!-- More GUI components go here -->

</LinearLayout>

Following will be the content of res/layout/activity_main.xml file which includes your

fragments −

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:layout_width="fill_parent"

android:layout_height="fill_parent"

android:orientation="horizontal">

<fragment

android:name="com.example.fragments"

android:id="@+id/lm_fragment"

android:layout_weight="1"
 android:layout_width="0dp"

android:layout_height="match_parent" />

<fragment

android:name="com.example.fragments"

android:id="@+id/pm_fragment"

android:layout_weight="2"

android:layout_width="0dp"

android:layout_height="match_parent" />

</LinearLayout>

Make sure you have following content of res/values/strings.xml file −

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<resources>

<string name="app_name">My Application</string>

<string name="landscape_message">This is Landscape mode fragment</string>

<string name="portrait_message">This is Portrait mode fragment></string>

</resources>

Let's try to run our modified MyFragments application we just created. I assume you had
created your AVD while doing environment set-up. To run the app from Android Studio, open
one of your project's activity files and click Run icon from the tool bar. Android Studio installs
the app on your AVD and starts it and if everything is fine with your set-up and application, it
will display Emulator window where you will click on Menu button to see the following
window. Be patience because it may take sometime based on your computer speed −
To change the mode of the emulator screen, let's do the following −

 fn+control+F11 on Mac to change the landscape to portrait and vice versa.

 ctrl+F11 on Windows.
 ctrl+F11 on Linux.

Once you changed the mode, you will be able to see the GUI which you have implemented for
landscape mode as below −
This way you can use same activity but different GUI's through different fragments. You can
use different type of GUI components for different GUI's based on your requirements.

Android - list Fragment

Static library support version of the framework's ListFragment. Used to write apps that run on
platforms prior to Android 3.0. When running on Android 3.0 or above, this implementation is
still used.

The basic implementation of list fragment is for creating list of items in fragments
 LIST IN FRAGMENTS
Example
This example will explain you how to create your own list fragment based on arrayAdapter. So
let's follow the following steps to similar to what we followed while creating Hello World
Example −

Ste Description
p

1 You will use Android Studio to create an Android application and name it
as SimpleListFragment under a
 package com.example.tutorialspoint7.myapplication, with blank Activity.

2 Modify the string file, which has placed at res/values/string.xml to add new string
constants

3 Create a layout called list_fragment.xml under the directory res/layout to define

your list fragments. and add fragment tag(<fragment>) to your activity_main.xml

4 Create a myListFragment.java, which is placed at java/myListFragment.java and it

contained onCreateView(),onActivityCreated() and OnItemClickListener()

5 Run the application to launch Android emulator and verify the result of the changes
done in the application.

Before start coding i will initialize of the string constants inside string.xml file under res/values
directory

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<resources>

<string name="app_name">ListFragmentDemo</string>

<string name="action_settings">Settings</string>

<string name="hello_world">Hello world!</string>

<string name="imgdesc">imgdesc</string>

<string-array name="Planets">

<item>Sun</item>

<item>Mercury</item>

<item>Venus</item>

<item>Earth</item>

<item>Mars</item>
 <item>Jupiter</item>

<item>Saturn</item>

<item>Uranus</item>

<item>Neptune</item>

</string-array>

</resources>

Following will be the content of res/layout/activity_main.xml file. it contained linear layout

and fragment tag.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:orientation="vertical" >

<fragment

android:id="@+id/fragment1"

android:name="com.example.tutorialspoint7.myapplication.MyListFragment"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent" />

</LinearLayout>

Following will be the content of res/layout/list_fragment.xml file. it contained linear

layout,list view and text view
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:orientation="vertical" >

<ListView

android:id="@android:id/list"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

</ListView>

<TextView

android:id="@android:id/empty"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

</TextView>

</LinearLayout>

following will be the content of src/main/java/myListFragment.javafile.before writing to

code, need to follow few steps as shown below

 Create a class MyListFragment and extend it to ListFragment.

 Inside the onCreateView() method , inflate the view with above defined list_fragment
xml layout.
 Inside the onActivityCreated() method , create a arrayadapter from resource ie using
String array R.array.planet which you can find inside the string.xml and set this adapter
to listview and also set the onItem click Listener.
  Inside the OnItemClickListener() method , display a toast message with Item name
which is being clicked.

package com.example.tutorialspoint7.myapplication;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;

import android.app.ListFragment;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.view.LayoutInflater;

import android.view.View;

import android.view.ViewGroup;

import android.widget.AdapterView;

import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;

import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;

import android.widget.Toast;

public class MyListFragment extends ListFragment implements OnItemClickListener {

@Override

public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater,

ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {

View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.list_fragment, container, false);

return view;

@Override
 public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);

ArrayAdapter adapter = ArrayAdapter.createFromResource(getActivity(),

R.array.Planets, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1);

setListAdapter(adapter);

getListView().setOnItemClickListener(this);

@Override

public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position,long id) {

Toast.makeText(getActivity(), "Item: " + position, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

Following code will be the content of MainActivity.java

package com.example.tutorialspoint7.myapplication;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
 }

following code will be the content of manifest.xml, which has placed at

res/AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

package="com.example.tutorialspoint7.myapplication">

<application

android:allowBackup="true"

android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"

android:label="@string/app_name"

android:supportsRtl="true"

android:theme="@style/AppTheme">

<activity android:name=".MainActivity">

<intent-filter>

<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />

</intent-filter>

</activity>

</application>

</manifest>

Running the Application

Let's try to run our SimpleListFragment application we just created. I assume you had created
your AVD while doing environment set-up. To run the app from Android Studio, open one of
your project's activity files and click Run icon from the toolbar. Android installs the app on
your AVD and starts it and if everything is fine with your setup and application, it will display
following Emulator window −

Android - Fragment Transition

What is a Transition?
Activity and Fragment transitions in Lollipop are built on top of a relatively new feature in
Android called Transitions. Introduced in KitKat, the transition framework provides a
convenient API for animating between different UI states in an application. The framework is
built around two key concepts: scenes and transitions. A scene defines a given state of an
application's UI, whereas a transition defines the animated change between two scenes.

When a scene changes, a Transition has two main responsibilities −

 Capture the state of each view in both the start and end scenes.
 Create an Animator based on the differences that will animate the views from one scene
to the other.
Example
This example will explain you how to create your custom animation with fragment transition .
So let's follow the following steps to similar to what we followed while creating Hello World
Example −

Ste Description
p

1 You will use Android Studio to create an Android application and name it
as fragmentcustomanimations under a
package com.example.fragmentcustomanimations, with blank Activity.

2 Modify the activity_main.xml, which has placed at res/layout/activity_main.xml to

add a Text View

3 Create a layout called fragment_stack.xml.xml under the directory res/layout to

define your fragment tag and button tag

4 Create a folder, which is placed at res/ and name it as animation and add
fragment_slide_right_enter.xml
fragment_slide_left_exit.xml, ,fragment_slide_right_exit.xml and
fragment_slide_left_enter.xml

5 In MainActivity.java, need to add fragment stack, fragment manager, and

onCreateView()

6 Run the application to launch Android emulator and verify the result of the changes
 done in the application.

following will be the content of res.layout/activity_main.xml it contained TextView

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<TextView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:id="@+id/text"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:gravity="center_vertical|center_horizontal"

android:text="@string/hello_world"

android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium" />

Following will be the content of res/animation/fragment_stack.xml file. it contained frame

layout and button

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout

xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:orientation="vertical" >

<fragment

android:id="@+id/fragment1"

android:name="com.pavan.listfragmentdemo.MyListFragment"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent" />
</LinearLayout>

Following will be the content of res/animation/fragment_slide_left_enter.xml file. it

contained set method and object animator

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

<objectAnimator

android:interpolator="@android:interpolator/decelerate_quint"

android:valueFrom="100dp" android:valueTo="0dp"

android:valueType="floatType"

android:propertyName="translationX"

android:duration="@android:integer/config_mediumAnimTime" />

<objectAnimator

android:interpolator="@android:interpolator/decelerate_quint"

android:valueFrom="0.0" android:valueTo="1.0"

android:valueType="floatType"

android:propertyName="alpha"

android:duration="@android:integer/config_mediumAnimTime" />

</set>

following will be the content of res/animation/fragment_slide_left_exit.xml file.it contained

set and object animator tags.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

<objectAnimator
 android:interpolator="@android:interpolator/decelerate_quint"

android:valueFrom="0dp" android:valueTo="-100dp"

android:valueType="floatType"

android:propertyName="translationX"

android:duration="@android:integer/config_mediumAnimTime" />

<objectAnimator

android:interpolator="@android:interpolator/decelerate_quint"

android:valueFrom="1.0" android:valueTo="0.0"

android:valueType="floatType"

android:propertyName="alpha"

android:duration="@android:integer/config_mediumAnimTime" />

</set>

Following code will be the content of res/animation/fragment_slide_right_enter.xmlfile.it

contained set and object animator tags

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

<objectAnimator

android:interpolator="@android:interpolator/decelerate_quint"

android:valueFrom="-100dp" android:valueTo="0dp"

android:valueType="floatType"

android:propertyName="translationX"

android:duration="@android:integer/config_mediumAnimTime" />

<objectAnimator
 android:interpolator="@android:interpolator/decelerate_quint"

android:valueFrom="0.0" android:valueTo="1.0"

android:valueType="floatType"

android:propertyName="alpha"

android:duration="@android:integer/config_mediumAnimTime" />

</set>

following code will be the content of res/animation/fragment_slide_right_exit.xmlfile, it

contained set and object animator tags

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

<objectAnimator

android:interpolator="@android:interpolator/decelerate_quint"

android:valueFrom="0dp" android:valueTo="100dp"

android:valueType="floatType"

android:propertyName="translationX"

android:duration="@android:integer/config_mediumAnimTime" />

<objectAnimator

android:interpolator="@android:interpolator/decelerate_quint"

android:valueFrom="1.0" android:valueTo="0.0"

android:valueType="floatType"

android:propertyName="alpha"

android:duration="@android:integer/config_mediumAnimTime" />

</set>

following code will be the content of src/main/java/MainActivity.java file. it contained button

listener, stack fragment and onCreateView
package com.example.fragmentcustomanimations;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.app.Fragment;

import android.app.FragmentTransaction;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.view.LayoutInflater;

import android.view.View;

import android.view.View.OnClickListener;

import android.view.ViewGroup;

import android.widget.Button;

import android.widget.TextView;

/**

* Demonstrates the use of custom animations in a FragmentTransaction when

* pushing and popping a stack.

*/

public class FragmentCustomAnimations extends Activity {

int mStackLevel = 1;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.fragment_stack);
 // Watch for button clicks.

Button button = (Button)findViewById(R.id.new_fragment);

button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

public void onClick(View v) {

addFragmentToStack();

});

if (savedInstanceState == null) {

// Do first time initialization -- add initial fragment.

Fragment newFragment = CountingFragment.newInstance(mStackLevel);

FragmentTransaction ft = getFragmentManager().beginTransaction();

ft.add(R.id.simple_fragment, newFragment).commit();

else

mStackLevel = savedInstanceState.getInt("level");

@Override

public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {

super.onSaveInstanceState(outState);

outState.putInt("level", mStackLevel);
}

void addFragmentToStack() {

mStackLevel++;

// Instantiate a new fragment.

Fragment newFragment = CountingFragment.newInstance(mStackLevel);

// Add the fragment to the activity, pushing this transaction

// on to the back stack.

FragmentTransaction ft = getFragmentManager().beginTransaction();

ft.setCustomAnimations(R.animator.fragment_slide_left_enter,

R.animator.fragment_slide_left_exit,

R.animator.fragment_slide_right_enter,

R.animator.fragment_slide_right_exit);

ft.replace(R.id.simple_fragment, newFragment);

ft.addToBackStack(null);

ft.commit();

public static class CountingFragment extends Fragment {

int mNum;

/**

* Create a new instance of CountingFragment, providing "num"

* as an argument.

*/
static CountingFragment newInstance(int num) {

CountingFragment f = new CountingFragment();

// Supply num input as an argument.

Bundle args = new Bundle();

args.putInt("num", num);

f.setArguments(args);

return f;

/**

* When creating, retrieve this instance's number from its arguments.

*/

@Override

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

mNum = getArguments() != null ? getArguments().getInt("num") : 1;

/**

* The Fragment's UI is just a simple text view showing its

* instance number.

*/

@Override

public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater,

 ViewGroup container,Bundle savedInstanceState) {

View v = inflater.inflate(R.layout.hello_world, container, false);

View tv = v.findViewById(R.id.text);

((TextView)tv).setText("Fragment #" + mNum);

tv.setBackgroundDrawable(getResources().

getDrawable(android.R.drawable.gallery_thumb));

return v;

following will be the content of AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

package="com.example.fragmentcustomanimations"

android:versionCode="1"

android:versionName="1.0" >

<application

android:allowBackup="true"

android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"

android:label="@string/app_name"

android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >

<activity

android:name="com.example.fragmentcustomanimations.MainActivity"
 android:label="@string/app_name" >

<intent-filter>

<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />

</intent-filter>

</activity>

</application>

</manifest>

Running the Application

Let's try to run our Fragment Transitions application we just created. I assume you had
created your AVD while doing environment set-up. To run the app from Android Studio, open
one of your project's activity files and click Run icon from the toolbar. Android installs the
app on your AVD and starts it and if everything is fine with your setup and application, it will
display following Emulator window:
If click on new fragment, it going to be changed the first fragment to second fragment as shown
below