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Fundamentals of C Programming Detailed Solutions

The document provides a model question paper with solutions related to programming fundamentals using C. It covers various topics including the program development life cycle, types of language translators, differences between expressions and statements, and examples of loops and functions. Additionally, it discusses debugging, operator precedence, and storage classes in C.

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srishivvajaykumar
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
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1 views

Fundamentals of C Programming Detailed Solutions

The document provides a model question paper with solutions related to programming fundamentals using C. It covers various topics including the program development life cycle, types of language translators, differences between expressions and statements, and examples of loops and functions. Additionally, it discusses debugging, operator precedence, and storage classes in C.

Uploaded by

srishivvajaykumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Fundamentals of Programming Using C - Model Question Paper Solutions (Detailed)

Part A: Very Short Answer Questions

1. Steps in the Program Development Life Cycle:

- Analysis: Understand the problem requirements.

- Design: Plan the solution (e.g., flowcharts, pseudocode).

- Coding: Write the program using a programming language.

- Testing: Ensure the program functions correctly.

- Implementation: Deploy the program.

- Maintenance: Update and fix issues over time.

2. Types of Language Translators:

- Assembler: Converts assembly language to machine code.

- Compiler: Converts high-level language to machine code (e.g., gcc for C).

- Interpreter: Executes code line-by-line (e.g., Python interpreter).

3. Difference Between Expression and Statement in C:

- Expression: Produces a value (e.g., `a + b`).

- Statement: Performs an action (e.g., `x = a + b;`).

4. Example of a Do-While Loop in C:

```c

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

int num;
do {

printf("Enter a positive number: ");

scanf("%d", &num);

} while (num <= 0);

return 0;

```

5. ASCII Value Ranges:

- Uppercase Letters: 65 to 90.

- Lowercase Letters: 97 to 122.

6. Purpose of Continue Statement in C:

- Skips the rest of the code in the current loop iteration and proceeds to the next iteration.

7. Computing Total Cost of Items in an Array:

```c

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

float prices[] = {10.5, 20.3, 5.7};

int n = sizeof(prices) / sizeof(prices[0]);

float total = 0;

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

total += prices[i];

printf("Total cost: %.2f", total);

return 0;
}

```

8. Analyzing Output of printf:

```c

float num = 45.6789;

printf("%.2f", num); // Output: 45.68

```

9. Declaring and Calling a Function:

```c

#include <stdio.h>

int add(int a, int b); // Function declaration

int main() {

int result = add(3, 4);

printf("Sum: %d", result);

return 0;

int add(int a, int b) {

return a + b; // Function definition

```

10. Difference Between Struct and Union:

- **Struct:** All members occupy separate memory locations.

- **Union:** All members share the same memory location.


Part B: Short Answer Questions

11. Debugging in C:

- Steps: Identify, Isolate, Fix, Test.

- Tools: GDB for runtime errors, syntax highlighting for syntax errors.

12. Operator Precedence Example:

```c

int result = 10 + 5 * 2; // Multiplication is evaluated first.

printf("%d", result); // Output: 20

```

13. Importance of Delimiters:

- Define structure (e.g., `{}` for blocks, `;` for statements).

14. Read and Display User Input:

```c

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {

char name[50];

int age;

printf("Enter name: ");

scanf("%s", name);

printf("Enter age: ");

scanf("%d", &age);

printf("Name: %s, Age: %d

", name, age);


return 0;

```

15. Fibonacci Using Recursion:

```c

int fibonacci(int n) {

if (n <= 1) return n;

return fibonacci(n - 1) + fibonacci(n - 2);

```

Part C: Essay Questions

18. Comparing If-Else and If-Else-If Ladder:

```c

if (x > 0) printf("Positive");

else if (x < 0) printf("Negative");

else printf("Zero");

```

19. Storage Classes in C:

- **Auto:** Default local scope.

- **Static:** Persistent values.

- **Extern:** Global access across files.

- **Register:** Faster access in CPU registers.


20. Function Concepts:

- Declaration: `int add(int, int);`

- Definition: Implements logic.

- Call: `add(3, 4);`

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