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Getting Started
Introduction
A simple tutorial
Language Reference
Basic syntax
Types
Variables
Constants
Expressions
Operators
Control Structures
Functions
Classes and Objects
Namespaces
Enumerations
Errors
Exceptions
Fibers
Generators
Attributes
References Explained
Predefined Variables
Predefined Exceptions
Predefined Interfaces and Classes
Predefined Attributes
Context options and parameters
Supported Protocols and Wrappers
Security
Introduction
General considerations
Installed as CGI binary
Installed as an Apache module
Session Security
Filesystem Security
Database Security
Error Reporting
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Function Reference
Affecting PHP's Behaviour
Audio Formats Manipulation
Authentication Services
Command Line Specific Extensions
Compression and Archive Extensions
Cryptography Extensions
Database Extensions
Date and Time Related Extensions
File System Related Extensions
Human Language and Character Encoding Support
Image Processing and Generation
Mail Related Extensions
Mathematical Extensions
Non-Text MIME Output
Process Control Extensions
Other Basic Extensions
Other Services
Search Engine Extensions
Server Specific Extensions
Session Extensions
Text Processing
Variable and Type Related Extensions
Web Services
Windows Only Extensions
XML Manipulation
GUI Extensions
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PHP Manual ¶
2025-05-01
Copyright
Preface — About this manual
Getting Started
Introduction — What is PHP and what can it do?
A simple tutorial
Installation and Configuration
General Installation Considerations
Installation on Unix systems
Installation on macOS
Installation on Windows systems
Installation on Cloud Computing platforms
FastCGI Process Manager (FPM)
Installation of PECL extensions
Introduction to Composer
Runtime Configuration
Language Reference
Basic syntax
Types
Variables
Constants
Expressions
Operators
Control Structures
Functions
Classes and Objects
Namespaces
Enumerations
Errors
Exceptions
Fibers
Generators
Attributes
References Explained
Predefined Variables
Predefined Exceptions
Predefined Interfaces and Classes
Predefined Attributes
Context options and parameters
Supported Protocols and Wrappers
Security
Introduction
General considerations
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Miscellaneous Questions
Appendices
History of PHP and Related Projects
Migrating from PHP 8.3.x to PHP 8.4.x
Migrating from PHP 8.2.x to PHP 8.3.x
Migrating from PHP 8.1.x to PHP 8.2.x
Migrating from PHP 8.0.x to PHP 8.1.x
Migrating from PHP 7.4.x to PHP 8.0.x
Migrating from PHP 7.3.x to PHP 7.4.x
Migrating from PHP 7.2.x to PHP 7.3.x
Migrating from PHP 7.1.x to PHP 7.2.x
Migrating from PHP 7.0.x to PHP 7.1.x
Migrating from PHP 5.6.x to PHP 7.0.x
Migrating from PHP 5.5.x to PHP 5.6.x
Debugging in PHP
Configure options
php.ini directives
Extension List/Categorization
List of Function Aliases
List of Reserved Words
List of Resource Types
List of Available Filters
List of Supported Socket Transports
PHP type comparison tables
List of Parser Tokens
Userland Naming Guide
About the manual
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0
Index listing
Changelog
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