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Assignment 12

The document outlines the Week 12 assignment for the NPTEL Online Certification Course on Computer Networks and Internet Protocol, consisting of 10 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with their correct answers and detailed explanations. Topics covered include OSI model layers, encoding techniques, transmission rates, modulation methods, and firewall security principles. Each question tests knowledge on fundamental concepts in computer networking and protocols.

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dharmaduraik04
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11 views5 pages

Assignment 12

The document outlines the Week 12 assignment for the NPTEL Online Certification Course on Computer Networks and Internet Protocol, consisting of 10 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) with their correct answers and detailed explanations. Topics covered include OSI model layers, encoding techniques, transmission rates, modulation methods, and firewall security principles. Each question tests knowledge on fundamental concepts in computer networking and protocols.

Uploaded by

dharmaduraik04
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NPTEL Online Certification Courses

Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur


Jan 2025

Course Name: Computer Networks and Internet Protocol


Assignment - Week 12 (Jan 2025)
TYPE OF QUESTION: MCQ/MSQ
Number of questions: 10 Total mark: 10 X 1 = 10

QUESTION 1

In which layer of the OSI model does the HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) operate?
a)Transport Layer
b)Network Layer
c)Application Layer
d) Data Link Layer

Correct Answer: (c)

Detailed solution: HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is a protocol used for web communication.
It belongs to the Application Layer, which provides network services like email (SMTP, POP3), file
transfer (FTP), and web browsing (HTTP, HTTPS).

QUESTION 2

Which of the following best describes "Manchester Encoding"?

a) A method that encodes data using transitions at the beginning of each bit period.
b) A self-clocking encoding technique with a transition in the middle of each bit period.
c) A signaling method that uses voltage levels directly to represent 1s and 0s.
d) An encoding technique that combines multiple signals into one.

Correct Answer: (b)

Detailed solution: Manchester Encoding ensures synchronization by placing a transition in the


middle of each bit period: from low to high for a "1" and high to low for a "0." It is self-clocking,
making it suitable for high-reliability communication.
NPTEL Online Certification Courses
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
Jan 2025

QUESTION 3

A time-division multiplexing (TDM) link transmits 4,000 frames per second, with each time slot containing
8 bits. What is the transmission rate of this TDM circuit

a) 32kbps
b) 500bps
c) 500kbps
d) 32bps

Correct Answer: (a)

Detailed solution: Transmission rate= frame rate * number of bits in a slot.


Given: Frame rate = 4000/sec and number of bits in slot = 8
Thus, Transmission rate = (4000 * 8) bps
= 32000bps
= 32kbps

QUESTION 4

What is the main difference between Manchester and Differential Manchester encoding?
a) Differential Manchester requires more bandwidth
b) Differential Manchester uses a transition for every 1-bit
c) Manchester encoding has no transitions at all
d) Manchester encoding is only used in analog signals

Correct Answer: (b)

Detailed solution:
Manchester encoding:
0 → High to Low transition at the middle of the bit
1 → Low to High transition at the middle of the bit

Differential Manchester encoding:


Every bit starts with a transition
1 → No transition at the middle
0 → Transition at the middle
NPTEL Online Certification Courses
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
Jan 2025

QUESTION 5

In Phase Shift Keying (PSK), how is information transmitted?

a) By varying the frequency of the carrier signal


b) By varying the amplitude of the carrier signal
c) By varying the phase of the carrier signal
d) By varying both amplitude and phase of the carrier signal

Correct Answer: (c)

Detailed Solution:In PSK, information is transmitted by altering the phase of the carrier signal.

QUESTION 6

A channel has a capacity of 1 Mbps and an SNR of 9. If the SNR is halved, what happens to the
channel capacity?

a) It remains the same.


b) It is reduced by exactly 50%.
c) It is reduced by less than 50%.
d) It is reduced to zero.

Correct Answer: (c)


Detailed Solution: Initial capacity:C=B×log2(1+SNR)
When SNR=9: C1=B×log2(1+9)=B×log2(10)
When SNR=4.5 C2=B×log2(1+4.5)=B×log2(5.5)
Capacity ratio:C1/C2=log2(5.5)/log2(10 )= 2.46/3.32=0.74
The capacity is reduced to 74% of its original value, which is less than a 50% reduction.

QUESTION 7
NPTEL Online Certification Courses
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
Jan 2025

What is the primary limitation of NRZ-L when used over long distances?

a) Increased signal distortion at high frequencies.


b) Difficulty in handling multiple voltage levels.

c) Poor synchronization for long sequences of 0s or 1s.


d) Requires higher power for transmission.

Correct Answer: (c)

Detailed Solution: For long sequences of 0s or 1s, the constant voltage in NRZ-L results in no
transitions, making it challenging for the receiver to maintain synchronization with the transmitter.

QUESTION 8

Which of the following statements is true for FSK modulation?

a) It is more bandwidth-efficient than QPSK.


b) It is inherently immune to noise.
c) It is suitable for applications requiring constant envelope signals.
d) It is always more power-efficient than QAM.

Correct Answer: (c)

Detailed Solution: FSK has a constant envelope, making it suitable for applications requiring
power-efficient amplifiers, such as in wireless communications. However, it is less bandwidth-
efficient than QPSK or QAM.

QUESTION 9
NPTEL Online Certification Courses
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
Jan 2025

Which of the following firewalls offers the highest level of security?


a) Packet-filtering firewall
b) Stateful firewall
c) Proxy firewall
d) NAT firewall

Correct Answer: (c)

Detailed Solution: Proxy firewalls offer the highest level of security by acting as an intermediary
between users and the internet. They prevent direct connections, filter malicious traffic, and provide
content inspection, logging, and authentication.

QUESTION 10

A firewall rule that permits outgoing HTTP traffic but denies all incoming traffic except for
established connections operates under which principle?

a) Default allow
b) Default deny
c) Least privilege
d) Fail-safe defaults

Correct Answer: (b)

Detailed Solution: This rule operates under the default deny principle, where all traffic is denied
unless explicitly permitted (e.g., outgoing HTTP and established connections).

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