1

INTRODUCTION
HELLO! NICE TO MEET YOU…

Welcome to our University!

You’re a student entering your first

year of studies. You are going to
meet a lot of new people and make
friends with them.

1. Fill in the blanks of the

diagram with the ideas of what
you’d like to know about your
group-mate.

2. Prepare a list of questions

based on the diagram and ask
them to your partner. Then
introduce him/her to the group
and tell the most interesting facts
you have learned about him/her.

3. Work in pairs and ask each other the following questions and answer them.

1. What country do you come from? 5. What is your mother tongue?

2. What is your birthplace? 6. What is your address?
3. What foreign languages can you 7. What school did you go to?
speak/read/write/understand? 8. When did you get your
4. Do you speak it well/fluently/badly/ secondary education
with a strong accent/with a slight certificate/diploma?
accent?

4. Use forms of introduction to introduce

- your partner to the teacher;
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- yourself to the teacher;

- two students in your group to each other;
- the dean, Mr. Jones;
- yourself to your group-mate;
- your brother to your friend;
- your friend to your father.

FORMS OF INTRODUCTION

a) Formal

• Allow me to introduce Dr. Smith. – This is Mr. Baker.

• Let me introduce Mr. Brown. – Mr. Lee.

The answer: How do you do?

Pleased to meet you.

b) Introducing a speaker

• Ladies and gentlemen! I have a great pleasure in introducing our guest, Prof.
White, of Stanford University.

c) Less formal

• May I introduce Mr. Baker? – This is Mr. Smith.

• I’d like you to meet Mrs. Blake.

• Mrs. Blake I’d like to introduce Mrs. Burton (to you).

The answer: How do you do? Nice of you to come.

d) Informal

• (This is) Mr. Brown. – Mr. Miller.

• Meet my friend Chris.

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• Have you met Betty? – The answer: No, I haven’t. Hello, Betty. I’m Mary.

• Have you two met? – No, we haven’t. – Oh, sorry. George, this is Harry. Harry
– George.

• This is our son Peter. He’s our youngest. – The answer: Hello, Peter. I’m John.

e) If there is no third person to introduce you.

• May I introduce myself? My name is … - The answer: How do you do. I’m …

Meeting People

Some Useful Forms and Expressions

1. Let me introduce you

myself

my friend, wife, etc. to you

2. Have you met each other before?

You’ve met Mr. Smith, haven’t you?

I don’t think you’ve met.

you’ve met each other before.

3. How do you do?

I am very glad to meet you.

Glad to meet you.

Pleased to meet you.

Nice to meet you.

Glad to see you back.

I am sorry. I didn’t quite catch your name.

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4. How are you? Quite well, thank you.

How are you getting on? And how are you?

How’s your father (mother), etc.? Very well, indeed, thank you.

How’s business? Well, not too good, I’m afraid.

Going from bad to worse.

Pretty good, thank you.

And how are things with you?

5. How’s your sister (brother) getting on?

Give her (him) my regards, please.

Remember me to her (him), please.

Meeting People

Explanation:

1. “How do you do?”: this is not really a question, but a formula used when people
meet for the first time or have not seen each other for a long time. The usual answer
is: “How do you do?”. Both the opening sentence and the answer are said with a
falling tone. It is a rather formal greeting, young people in similar circumstances
may just say to each other: “Hello!”
2. “Glad to meet you” (“Nice to meet you”, “Pleased to meet you”): an elliptical
sentence the first words of which are omitted. The complete sentence is: “I am glad
to meet you, etc.”. It is a formula which may be used alternatively with “How do
you do?” by people who have been introduced to other people. On parting, people,
who have been introduced to each other usually, say: “Glad to have met you”, or “I
am very glad to have you met”.
3. “Going from bad to worse”: means “Things are getting worse”; expresses a
rapid degeneration.
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4. “To take a call”: to answer the telephone. “Take a call for me, will you?”
means “Please, do me a favour and answer the telephone for me”.
5. “How are you?” – if you really want to ask after a friend’s health you must use
this phrase. And the reply is “Quite well, thank you. How are you?”.
6. “Not so bad” all have about the same meaning
(“Not too bad” as “I am fairy well”.
“Pretty fair”)
7. “Fine”
(“First-rate”
“Never better” means “excellent”.
“As fit as a fiddle”
“Topping”)
8. “Awfully fit” – means “in good health, strong and well”.
9. “I am in the pink” – means “I’m quite well”.
“O.K.” – means “all right”.
10. “Not so well”
(“Not too well”
“Out of sorts”
“I’m not up to the mark” means “you are not very well”
“I’m a bit off colour”
“I don’t feel quite the thing”
“I feel half dead”)
11. “I am more dead than alive”: means “you feel very bad”.
12. “I’m as sound as a bell”: means “to be in good health”.
13. “I’m run down”: means “to be tired or ill, in poor health”.
14. “I’m jumpy”: means “to be excited and nervous”.

5. Answer the following questions:

1. What do you say when you are introduced to someone? What is the reply?
2. Can you introduce your friend to me? Introduce him (her) to me, please.
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3. Do you use the same expressions when meeting friends and when parting with
them? Say what kind of polite expressions you use under such circumstances. What
is the reply?
4. What do you say if you want to know about your friend’s health?
5. What replies might you get to these inquiries?
6. What greetings are used at any time of the day?
7. What does the expression “Going from bad to worse” mean?
8. What is the formula which may be used alternatively with “How do you do?” by
people who have been introduced to each other?
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MODULE I
FAMILY LIFE

UNIT 1. FAMILY RELATIONS. BRINGING UP CHILDREN. FAMILY

PROBLEMS.

I. Warm up
1. Read the following proverbs and explain how you understand their
meaning.
Other things may change us, but we start and end with family.
You don’t choose your family. They are God’s gift to you.
Happy families are all alike; every unhappy family is unhappy in its own way.

2. Look at the photos. What type of relationships do they show?

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3. Read and listen to the quotations below. Work in small groups. Discuss
them with other students.

- The family is the place where the most ridiculous and the least respectable
things in the world go on. Ugo Betti (1882-1953), Italian playwright
- Parents are sometimes a bit of a disappointment to their children. They don’t
fulfil the promise of their early years. Anthony Powell, writer
- He who can reach a child’s heart can reach a world’s heart. Rudyard Kipling
- Children are born to be happy. Jose Marti
- Children begin by loving their parents; after a time they judge them; rarely,
if ever, do they forgive them. Oscar Wilde
- Where there’s marriage without love, there will be love without marriage.
Franklin

II. Reading

Pre-reading tasks
4. Before you start working at the text practise the sounds in the following
words and word combinations. Read them aloud.

[e] – tell, very, elegant, spend, helping, elder, nephew, endless, best, separately
[æ] – family, happy, handsome, man, granny, habit, married, have
[ð] – this, together, neither, rather, mother, brother, with, than
[θ] – think, thin, three, youth
[з:] – surgeon, work, person, nursery, words

5. Read the following word combinations connecting them with the linking [r]
at the junction of words. Transcribe them.
Before I, teacher at, mother is, for all, her about, her older, are a large family
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6. Working at following word combinations try to observe some special

pronunciation of the sequences where the plosive [t] or [d] is immediately
followed by lateral [l]. The sonorant [l] should be pronounced together with the
preceding plosive. In such clusters there is no vowel sound between the plosive
and [l]. Listen to your teacher pronouncing the consonant clusters. Transcribe
them.
Good-looking, pleasant-looking, don’t like, little, friendly

7. Working at the following word combinations try to observe some special

pronunciation of the alveolar [t], [d], [n], [l], [s], [z] when followed by [θ] or [ð].
In such cases the position of alveolar sounds becomes dental.
In the hospital, about the house

8. Read and translate speech patterns and sentences with them.

SPEECH PATTERNS

Pattern 1

To begin with, I am going to tell you about my family.

Expresses an action which will take place in the nearest future, an intention to
perform an action or something which will inevitably happen.

1. They are going to tell us about their parents. 2. We are going to take a walk in the
park. 3. My friends were going to leave home when it began raining. 4. The weather
is going to change for the worse.

Pattern 2

What I don’t like about my father is that he is always busy.

Expresses feeling of not liking, things (qualities) we dislike in other people.
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1. What he doesn’t like about his friend is that she works too much. 2. What we don’t
like about you is that you are lazy. 3. What the teacher didn’t like about his pupils
was that they were not so hard-working and diligent ones. 4. What the parents didn’t
like about their children is that they couldn’t help them about the house.

Pattern 3

They are fond of going to the country on weekends.

Means having a great liking for doing something, to enjoy doing something very
much.

1. All the children are fond of skiing and skating in winter. 2. My parents are fond
of spending their holidays in the country. 3. My friend is fond of collecting stamps
and postcards. 4. John is extremely fond of pointing out other people’s mistakes.

Pattern 4

My mother works as a teacher at school.

Means to be engaged in physical or mental activity to earn a living

1. Pete works as a painter at the art gallery. 2. He works as an engineer at the factory.
3. Having worked as a doctor for many years, he became rather skillful and
experienced. 4. Having been working as a shop assistant for so many years, she
knew how to deal with the customers and clients very well.

Pattern 5

My father is neither old nor young

Is used to show that a negative statement is true of two things.
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1. My friends’ house is neither large nor small. 2. I neither knew nor cared about
what had happened to him. 3. Neither my parents nor my friends wanted to stay at
home on such a fine day. 4. The hotel is neither spacious nor comfortable.

Pattern 6

I have a habit (am in a habit) of helping my mother about the house.

Means a thing that a person does very often as a habitual action.

1. They have a habit of visiting their grandparents on Sundays. 2. He has the irritating
habit of smoking during meals. 3. He is not in a habit of drinking a lot. 4.I am in a
habit of switching on TV as soon as I get home.

9. Complete the following sentences using Speech Patterns.

1. To begin with, we are going to … in the park. 2. To begin with, they were going
to … after the working day. 3. We are fond of … foreign languages. 4. My brother
is fond of … in the evening. 5. The students are fond of … different games. 6. My
sister works … a teacher at the university. 7. His parents work … doctors at the
hospital. 8. My friend works … an engineer at the chemical plant. 9. It is … cold …
warm today. 10. My mother speaks … German … Italian. 11. I like … apples …
pears. 12. What I don’t like about my teacher is that … . 13. What Idon’t like
about these children is that … . 14. The students have a habit of playing different
games after the classes. 15. They have a habit of … their parents on Sundays. 16.
The teachers had a habit of … their holidays at the Black Sea coast.
17. … my friends … my parents wanted to help me to cope with the task. 18. …
Tom … Jack came to the meeting last Friday. 19. Her friends … skating and skiing
in winter. 20. They have a habit of … on Sunday.
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10. Suggest the end of the sentence matching up the beginning. Use Speech
Patterns.

1. What I don’t like about my friends is that … . 2. What my parents don’t like about
me is that … . 3. What we don’t like about today’s weather is that … . 4. To begin
with, we are going to … . 5. Our students have a habit of … . 6. My parents are fond
of … . 7. It is neither cold nor … . 8. Their family is neither large nor … .
9. Our relatives are fond of … . 10. My grandmother has a habit of ... .

11. Translate the following sentences into English. Use Speech Patterns.

1. Що мені не подобається в тобі так це те, що ти дуже лінивий. 2. Що мені

не подобається в моїх друзях так це те, що вони недостатньо уваги приділяють
вимові. 3. Моя мати має звичку працювати по господарству після роботи. 4.
Студенти нашої групи мають звичку працювати в лабораторії щодня. 5. Ми
маємо звичку ходити в кіно або у театр по вихідних днях. 6. Вони
захоплюються спортом. Вони відвідують тренажерну залу тричі на тиждень.
7. Мої батьки захоплюються сучасним мистецтвом. Вони відвідують виставку
сучасного живопису щотижня. 8. Ми збираємося розповісти своїм друзям про
свою подорож до Львова. 9. Ці студенти збираються представити своїх друзів
батькам. 10. Вони збираються відвідати визначні місця Києва влітку. 11. Її
батько працює головним інженером на виробництві. 12. Моя мати працює
вчителем англійської мови у нашій школі.
13. Сьогодні ані жарко, ані холодно. 14. Він ані молодий, ані старий. Він –
людина середнього віку. 15. Ані мої друзі, ані мої родичі не зможуть
допомогти мені. 16. Ані дощ, ані сніг не змогли змусити нас залишитися вдома.

12. Make up two examples of your own on each Speech Pattern.

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13. Read the text and do the tasks given below.

MY FAMILY
Before I start talking about my family let me introduce myself. I am Sveta
Petrenko. I am 17. I have left school this year. I was born in Kyiv, so I have been
living in Kyiv since my childhood.
And now I am going to tell you about my family. We are a family of five. We
are a small and friendly family. So, we are happy to be living together and are getting
on all right.
To begin with, I am going to talk first about my father. His name is Sergey
Petrovich, he is 45. He works as a surgeon in a hospital. He is neither old, nor young.
He is a good-looking man, handsome, rather thin with dark brown hair just beginning
to go grey. He is a very sociable person. What I don’t like about my dad is that he is
always busy. Very often he works overtime. He is a bread-maker in our family. He
is fond of going to the country on weekends, because he enjoys working in the
garden.
My mother’s name is Galyna Ivanivna. She is three years younger than my
father. She works as a teacher at a nursery school. My mother is rather slim and
pretty, she is always elegant and smart. In short, she is a pleasant-looking woman
of about 40. She always has a lot of work to do both at work and about the house.
She is fond of her work and spends a lot of time there. But she has to cook the food
for all the family at home. Shopping and cooking are nearly half a day’s work for
her. But my granny and I are in a habit of helping her about the house.
Boris is my elder brother. He is six years senior to me. So, he is 23 already.
He has graduated from the University and he is an economist by profession now.
Boris is married. His wife is a journalist. They are three in the family. They have got
a child, my nephew. It is a lovely little boy of two with golden hair and dark brown
eyes and a spirit that is always bright and happy, full of joy and gaiety.
And finally, a few words about my granny. To tell you the truth, she is my
best friend. She always listens to my endless stories about my friends and my
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school life. She is retired now, but in her youth and her older age she worked as a
teacher at school. I must admit, she is a very understanding person.
Put it into a few words, we are a united and friendly family.

Post-reading tasks

14. Fill in the missing words.

1. I was born .
2. We are a family of .
3. We are happy to be living together and _ _ all right.
4. My father is a very person.
5. My father often works _.
6. He is a in our family.
7. My mother is rather and , she is always elegant and smart.
8. She is a woman of about 40.
9. She is her work and always spends a lot of time there.
10. Shopping and is nearly half a day’s work for her.
11. I have a habit of her about the house.
12. Boris is my brother.
13. He has already the University.
14. They have got a child, my .
15. It is a lovely little child of two with _ hair and dark blue eyes.
16. My granny always listens to my stories about my school life.
17. I must admit, she is a very __ person.
18. Put it into a few words, we are and friendly family.

15. Say which of the words is the odd one.

- good-looking, handsome, pretty, friendly, beautiful

- teacher, surgeon, worker, economist, student
- father, mother, sister, brother, companion
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- uncle, aunt, cousin, husband, nephew

- wife, stepfather, sister-in-law, school-mate, husband
16. Match the phrases in bold in A with the correct definition in B.

A B

1. Let’s keep in touch a) like to be with him/her

2. We have the same sense of humour b) know him /her better

3. We have a lot in common c) find the same things funny

4. I hope we don’t lose touch d) like / enjoy the same things

5. He is really nice when you get to know him e) have a family relationship

6. I really enjoy living with him/her f) stay in contact

7. We get on really well g) keep together

17. Circle the correct alternatives to complete the sentences.

1. I grew up/down in Brazil.

2. The children were brought down/up by their aunt.
3. My brother always told me off/on for borrowing his records.
4. You really take before/after your father. You are always complaining.
5. My sister looked after/before me when I was ill.
6. I don’t get on/off very well with my mother.
7. I still look down/up to my elder brother, and ask him for advice.
8. We carried off/on arguing until they left home.

18. Choose six relatives. Draw their faces in the frames around the family tree
if you want or write their names. Think about some of the following questions.
Make notes.

1. What things do you have in common?

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2. Why do you like him/her?

3. What don’t you like about him/her?
4. What type of character does he/she have?
5. What job does he/she do?
6. What activities /hobbies/is he /she keen on?
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19. Work with a partner. What is a phrasal verb? What makes it different
from other verbs?

20. Use the sentences from task 17 to help you match the phrasal verbs from A
with the definitions from B.

A B
1 grow up a) admire and respect someone
2 bring up b) continue (doing something)
3 tell (someone) off c) develop from being a child to being an adult
4 take after (someone) d) take care of (someone or something)
5 look after (someone or e) talk angrily to someone because they have
something) done something wrong
6 get on with (someone) f) have a friendly relationship with someone
7 look up to (someone) g) look or behave like another member of your
8 carry on (doing something) family
h) care for children until they are adults

21. Complete the text using the correct form of the phrasal verbs from task 20.

I was brought up in a small town near Paris. My parents are English, so I (1)
_ speaking English and French. A young English student lived with us
during the school holidays, and she (2) _ me when my parents were
away on business. I remember my father always (3) us _ if
he heard us speaking English, because she was studying French. Usually wechanged
to French for a few minutes, and then (4) in English when he
couldn’t hear us, because it was easier for both of us. She was an artist, and we (5)
_ very well. I (6) her, and later tried to become a painter
myself. Unfortunately, I (7) my father, who wasn’t artistic, and so I
was never successful.
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22. Complete the sentences in your own way.

1. As a child is growing older…

2. Raising parent’s voice is only effective if …
3. … if a parent uses it frequently.
4. “Telling off” is only effective if …
5. Giving a child a short time-out means…
6. After a time-out a parent should…
7. A parent is much better at …
8. The most effective of all rewards is …
9. Parents are often quick to …
10. Bringing up a well-behaved child is …

23. Fill in the gaps using the derivatives from the words given in brackets.

1. To say that you are (ignore) of the rules is no excuse.

2. I don’t like people who are (neglect) of their duties.

3. She was ashamed of her children’s bad (behave) .

4. I wonder how she manages the child with such a (rebel) _
temperament!
5. It is unlawful for a teacher to inflict corporal (punish) on pupils.
6. These parents expected unquestioning (obey) from their children.
7. The teacher’s words were a great (encourage) to him.
8. Her children were so naughty! No one could believe that she had such (behave)
children!
9. If he did something wrong it was only through (ignore) _.
10. Unfortunately, the child suffered much from (humiliate) .
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24. Fill the gaps with the following words:

independent, stay-at-home, running, widower, chores, adopted, swap, self-help,
child minding, support, divorced, around.

About 14 percent of all families with dependent children have only one parent. In
the US about fourth of the children live with only one parent. A one-parent family
may be headed by a (1) father or mother, by a widow or (2)
, by a married woman separated from her husband. These days, an
unmarried mother may choose to have a baby without marrying the father. She wants
to keep the baby rather than have it (3) by foster parents. Livingwith a working
mother makes a child more (4) than his peers.
Maggie, aged 14, says, “I would never let Mum know how miserable I felt as I hardly
ever saw her until 6 pm. But I felt grown up and proud being trusted with my own
key. Mum never told me to do any (5) until she got home,but in
fact I helped her (6) the house much more than if she were a
(7) mother. I know how much work goes into (8) _ _
my own house and it will be no secret for me when I get married.” However, a child
can find himself neglected and lonely. Ben, aged 11, feels abandoned coming to an
empty house after school. “I hate having Mom away all day. I have to go to school
by myself while all other boys have their mothers with them. I would (9)
with anyone extra pocket money and a chance to do whatever I want
while Mom is at work if it meant having her at home. Coming home to the cooking
and cleaning after a day’s work makes her both too tired and too busy.” There are
some (10) _ groups which a parent can join. A self-help group is one in which
all the members are in a similar situation, and they help one another. An example
is Gingerbread. Gingerbread, founded in 1970, gives (11)
and advice to one-parent families. Members of Gingerbread help each
other with things like (12) , finding work and organizing
holidays for parents and children.
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25. Put the following adjectives into two columns:

troubled, uneasy, broken, fragile, failed, broken, stormy, tense, lasting, enduring,
long-standing, permanent, serious, stable, caring, love-hate, loving, special, rocky,
bumpy, respectful.
1. Relationships in a happy family 2. Relationships in an unhappy family

26. Use the adjectives from task 25 to characterize your relationships with the
members of your family. Have you noticed any changes in your relationships
with them lately?

27. Make a list of advantages and disadvantages of being an only child. Write
a paragraph to develop one of the points in your list.
Advantages Disadvantages
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28. Read the main principles of bringing up children and complete the
statements in one of the suggested ways. Could you add any other principles?

The principles of practicing good behavior

• pay off correct behavior, not misbehavior in order to…

• expect good behavior from their children that’s why…
• use reasonable punishments that teach children decision- because…
making and responsibility so that…
• focus on their children’s positive qualities
• love their children regardless of their behavior
• provide a healthy and pleasant family climate
• tell their children the rules in advance
• emphasize each other’s strengths and accept each other’s
weaknesses

29. Put questions to your fellow-students to discuss their relationships with

their relatives. What things you should do and you shouldn’t do to avoid family
problems? Which of the following actions are likely to worsen things in a family
and which of them would patch things up?

- Apologizing to the member of the family.

- Willingness to make compromises.

- Trying to dominate other members of the family.

- Blaming your spouse for your own mistakes.

- Doing your fair share of housework.

- Losing your temper when there is family discord.

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Pre-reading tasks

30. Before you start working at the text practise the sounds in the following
words and word combinations. Read them aloud.

[ɒ] – confidence, copper, what, clock, got, because

[ɔ:] – born, called, important, also, always
[əʋ] – window, only, don’t, hope, home village
[t] – fifteen, still, terraced, training, teacher, teenager, taste, great
[d] – developed, dreadful, award, allowed, freedom, excited

31. Working at following word combinations try to observe some special

pronunciation of the sequences where the plosive [t] or [d] is immediately
followed by lateral [l]. The sonorant [l] should be pronounced together with the
preceding plosive. In such clusters there is no vowel sound between the plosive
and [l]. Listen to your teacher pronouncing the consonant clusters. Transcribe
them.

Trouble, immediately

32. Read the following word combinations connecting them with the linking
[r] at the junction of words. Transcribe them.

For a couple of years, for an hour, for a bit, my brother and me

33. Working at the following word combinations try to observe some special
pronunciation of the alveolar [t], [d], [n], [l], [s], [z] when followed by [θ] or [ð].
In such cases the position of alveolar sounds becomes dental.

The great thing, it was understood that, not that, has the capacity, important things,
about this man

34. Practise reading the following word combinations containing clusters of

two plosives. Concentrate on loss of plosion of the first plosive followed by
another plosive or an affricate.

Great confidence, had to help, big gesture, bad taste, what do you, wanted to be
 23

35. Read and translate speech patterns and sentences with them.

SPEECH PATTERNS

Pattern 1
My mother made us understand that love and work are the only important
things in the life.
to make smb understand = to cause somebody or something to be, to become
or to do something.

1. They made me repeat the story once more. 2. Her jokes and strange gestures made
us all laugh. 3. I couldn’t make my car start in the morning. 4. Nothing can make me
change my mind.

Pattern 2
Then she’d rush us down there for an hour or so.
for an hour or so = uncertainty or vagueness about quantity.

1. They walked about the city for two hours or so. 2. He lived in the village for a
year or so. 3. I am not through with the book yet; I’ve read only 50 pages or so. 4.
My parents stayed at their friends’ place for two weeks or so.

Pattern 3
The minute I set eyes on him, I knew this was the man I wanted to be the
father of my children.
the minute I set eyes on him means that something happens at an exact point of
time.

1. The minute he saw Jane, he rushed to her. 2. The minute you need me, I’ll ring
you up. 3. The minute she saw her son, she realized that something had happened
 24

to him. 4. The minute we entered the lecture hall, we realized that the lecture had
already begun.

Pattern 4
My mother has the greatest capacity to embarrass anyone I’ve ever met.
capacity to embarrass = ability to produce, experience, understand or learn
something.

1. Some people have a great capacity to surprise. 2. He has the greatest capacity for
hard work. 3. Some people have a greater capacity for happiness than others. 4. My
parents have the greatest capacity to cope with any difficult task.

Pattern 5
She was always one for the big gesture.
to be one for the big gesture = action showing one’s friendly intentions or
attitude.

1. Being one for the big gesture, he always knew how to please his friends. 2. He has
always been one for the big gesture trying to satisfy our needs. 3. The invitation to
the party meant one of his big gestures. 4. Their big gesture was to pay for his
education.

36. Read the text and analyze what a millionaire businesswoman talks about
her family.
My mother
Children-Parent Relationship

My mother, Gilda Perella, came to Britain from a village in Italy when she
was fifteen to be a nanny. She still lives in the terraced house in Littlehampton,
Sussex, where I was born in 1942. It is called Atina after her village and has bright
 25

red window frames. It was always understood that when she reached England she
would marry a boy from her home village called Donny.
My mother made us, my two sisters, my brother and me, understand that love
and work are the only important things in the life. She also made me feel special,
which gave me great confidence. She loved my sisters, but they were no trouble to
her, whereas I was maddening but entertaining. As a teenager, she allowed me
extraordinary freedom. But because she trusted me, I developed a strong sense of
responsibility.
The great thing she gave me was my work ethic. After my father died, she ran
our café and we had to help. I don’t remember playtimes from my childhood; it was
always summer and we were always working. Sometimes we’d complain about
never getting to the beach, and then she’d rush us down there for an hour or so – she
was always one for the big gesture. Then it was back to work.
Not that she’s perfect: my mother has the greatest capacity to embarrass
anyone I’ve ever met. Then she came to collect me from college while I was training
to be a teacher.
I’d ask her to arrive after everyone had left, because she was so dreadful. She
does have the most appalling taste; she’d win any bad taste award going. The
presents she buys are legendary in our family. She only once bought me something
nice – a copper frying pan – I was so excited I rang to thank her immediately. She
said: “What do you mean? It’s a clock.” And I turned it over, and it was. A clock.
Hideous.
I taught for a bit, then went off travelling for a couple of years. I got back to
find my mother too excited to listen to my stories. She couldn’t wait to tell me about
this man who came to the nightclub she was running then. His name was Gordon
Roddick. The minute I set eyes on him; I knew this was the man I wanted to be the
father of my children. He says when he saw me, he knew instantly that I was his fate.
I think I just felt an immense relief.
 26

Post-reading tasks
37. Find a word or phrase in the passage, which in context is similar in
meaning to:

Paragraph 1
1. someone who looks after other people’s children
2. the village where a person grows up
Paragraph 2
3. a strong belief in yourself
4. irritating
Paragraph 3
5. belief in the value of work
6. friendly intentions or attitude
Paragraph 4
7. very bad taste
8. very ugly
Paragraph 5
9. for some years
10. immediately, at once

38. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D according to the information in the

text.

1. When Gilda Perella came to Britain, she ….

A. was already married
B. was hoping to find a husband
C. was in love with someone in her village in Italy
D. was planning to marry Donny

2. How does Anita think she developed a sense of responsibility?

 27

A. She was given a job to do

B. She had to look after her sister
C. She was free to do what she wanted
D. She wanted to copy her and her brothers

3. Anita admires her mother most for ….

A. her hard work

B. her romantic spirit
C. her loyalty to the family
D. her ability to be alone

4. One negative aspect about Anita’s mother, according to the text is that ….
A. she interferes in her children’s lives
B. she deliberately tries to embarrass her children
C. she never relaxes
D. she does things that shame her children in public

5. When Anita met her future husband, she ….

A. was looking for a partner for her travels
B. was in a nightclub
C. was planning another trip
D. knew her mother’s feelings were correct

39. Complete the following sentences using Speech Patterns.

1. The teacher’s marks made the pupils … that there were too many mistakes in the
test. 2. His mother’s furious look made him … guilty. 3. I stayed at my friends’ place
for … . 4. My friends have been living in London for a year … . 5. The tourists
walked about the town for some … . 6. The minute she saw the dress, she
 28

decided … . 7. The minute they heard … they went away. 8. The minute she realized
what kind of person he was, she tried … . 9. He has the greatest capacity to …
anyone he meets. 10. Our relatives had a great … to find fault with their children.
11. Being a very generous person, she was one … gesture. 12. Charity was
considered to be one of his …. 13. Having been working at the article for three
… or … he felt rather tired.

40. Paraphrase the following sentences using Speech Patterns.

1. I was caused to repeat the story many times. 2. As the house was aflame, they
were forced to leave it at once. 3. They have lived in that city for about 10 years. 4.
Can you run for about half an hour without getting tired? 5. As soon as the teacher
began playing the piano, the children started singing. 6. He fell in love with Mary as
soon as he saw her. 7. I’ll try to help you as soon as you ask me to. 8. One of her
numerous talents was showing sympathy for other people. 9. Out of sympathy for
the homeless children, he gave them shelter for the night. 10. Trying to show his
kind attitude to his children, he let them drive his car.

41. Match the first half of a sentence in column A with an appropriate second
half in column B. The first one has been done for you.

Children learn what they live

A B

If a child lives with criticism, she learns to be patient.

If a child lives with hostility he learns justice.

If a child lives with ridicule, she learns to be shy.

If a child lives with shame, he learns confidence.

If a child lives with tolerance, she learns to have faith.

If a child lives with encouragement, he learns to like himself.

If a child lives with praise, she learns to condemn.

 29

If a child lives with fairness, she learns to appreciate.

If a child lives with security, he learns to fight.

If a child lives with approval, he learns to feel guilt.

If a child lives with acceptance and he or she learns to find love in the
friendship, world

42. Read the text “Jane’s Letter” and the comments from Advice Special.

Jane’s Letter
Dear Advice Special,
The problem with my parents started when I was sixteen. I wanted a Saturday
job but my parents ordered me to stay at home and study for my exams. Whenever I
pointed out that all my friends had Saturday jobs, they always replied, “We don’t care
what they do. It’s you we’re worried about.” This made me so angry that I did
whatever I could do to provoke them. I dyed my hair white blonde and covered my
face in make-up before I went to school. Of course, this didn’t help.
It was a rule that in the evening I was only allowed out once during the week
and on Saturday till 10 pm. Every time I went out, my parents asked me who I was
going out with and where we were going. It never crossed my mind that they were
probably just worried about me.
Once I asked to go to a party on a Saturday night. They agreed, but on
condition that Dad came back to pick me up at 10 pm. I argued and argued about it
but in the end I had to agree. I knew I was going to be really embarrassed when my
father came to pick me up, so I spent the whole party worrying. I didn’t speak to my
parents for three days after that. My mother tried to explain how they both felt, but
I didn’t want to listen. It was then that I decided to break all their rules. So instead
of coming home at 10 pm, I would arrive back at 11:30 pm and then refuse to tell
them where I had been. I hoped they would decide I was old enough to look after
myself, and leave me alone. However, the argument just got worse, and finally, one
Saturday night I didn’t come home till 2 am. My father wanted to
 30

know why I was so late. I refused to tell him. We had a big argument which ended
with me getting a taxi to my sister’s house. What went wrong?
Jane

43. Try to find answers to the following questions:

1. The age that Jane started to have problems.

2. The reason she dyed her hair blonde.
3. What Jane’s parents wanted to know before she went out?
4. What Jane was worried about during the party?
5. What Jane did when she decided to break all her parents’ rules?
6. The reason she took a taxi to her sister’s house.
7. A piece of advice for someone like Jane.

Jane tried to solve her problem in the wrong way. Instead of trying to show her
parents that she was more adult by reasoning with them, she chose to ignore all their
rules. This just made her parents very strict. If you are having problems with your
parents, try talking things over with them as well! Remember that your parents love
you and they only want what’s best for you.

44. Make a list of three problems you have most frequently with your parents.
Share your list with the group. Which problem is the most common?

III. Grammar Practice.

The Verb "to be" in the Present Simple Tense.

Types of Questions.
Model 1a. I am Sveta Petrenko.
Am I Sveta Petrenko? - Yes, I am.
Am I Maryna Pysanka? - No, I am not.

Model 1b. My father is a bread-maker in our family.

Is my father or is my mother a bread-maker in our family? - My father is.
My father is a bread-maker in our family, isn't he? - Yes, he is.
 31

Model 1c. We are a small and friendly family.

What kind of family are we?

45. Make the following sentences interrogative and negative.

1. The cars are in the street. 2. My cousin is at school. 3. Our teacher is at the library.
4. They are good sportsmen. 5. You are an engineer. 6. Her parents are at home. 7.
The theatre is in the centre of the town. 8. His father is a worker. 9. The street is
narrow. 10. His little brother is a schoolboy.

46. Fill in the verb to be in the Present Simple Tense.

1. What … your name? – My name … Shirley Frank. 2. What … your address? –

My address … 175 Grand Central Parkway. 3. What … your phone number? – My
phone number … 718-1930. 4. Where … you from? – I … from New York. 5. I …
a pupil. 6. My father … not a teacher, he … a scientist. 7. … your aunt a doctor? –
Yes, she … . 8. … they at home? – No, they … not at home, they … at work. 9. My
brother … a worker. He … at work. 10. … you an engineer? – Yes, I … . 11.
… your sister a typist? – No, she … not a typist, she … a student. 12. … your brother
at school? – Yes, he … . 13. … your sister at school? – No, she … not at school. 14.
My sister … at home. 15. … this your watch? – Yes, it … . 16. She … an actress.
17. This … my bag. 18. My uncle … an office worker. 19. He … at work. 20. Helen
… a painter. 21. She has some fine pictures. They … on the walls. 22. She has
much paper. It … on the shelf. 23. The shelf … brown. It … on the wall. 24. Helen
has a brother. He … a student. 25. He has a family. His family … not in Kharkiv,
it … in Kyiv.

47. Fill in the verb to be in the Present Simple Tense.

1. Where … you? – I … in the kitchen. 2. Where … Fred? – He … in the garage. 3.

Where … Lisa and John? – They … at college. 4. … you busy? – No, I … not.
 32

Mike … busy. He …the busiest person I’ve ever met. 5. It … ten o’clock. She …
late again. 6. How … you? – I … not very well today. – I … sorry to hear that. 7.
We … interested in classical music. 8. Vera … afraid of snakes. 9. My grandmother
… not nervous and she … rarely upset. She … the kindest person I’ve ever seen. My
grandmother … really wonderful. 10. I … sorry. They … not at the office at the
moment. 11. Where … the keys? – In your jacket. 12. What … the time, please? –
Two o’clock. 13. It … the biggest meal I’ve ever had. 14. Which sport do you think
… the most dangerous? 15. Chess and aerobics … not as exciting as sky diving and
figure skating. 16. Debt … the worst kind of poverty.
17. The game … not worth the candle. 18. Do you have any idea where he … ? 19.
Used cars … cheaper but less reliable than new cars. 20. What … the weather
forecast for tomorrow? 21. Art … long, life … short. 22. You … the best friend I’ve
ever had. 23. I don’t remember what his telephone number … . 24. Two heads
… better than one. 25. You … right. That … a lot of money! Coffee … very
expensive this week.

48. Translate the following into English.

1. Ваш син вчитель, чи не так? 2. Його діти в Лондоні. 3. Ви вільні? – Ні, я

зайнятий. 4. Ваша мати здорова? – На жаль, вона хвора. 5. Це плаття нове? –
Я вважаю, що так. 6. Ті діти дуже щасливі. 7. Вона дуже хороший лікар. Вона
мені подобається. 8. Вони зараз на вулиці? – Ні, вони в парку. 9. Його машина
чиста. Вона на вулиці. 10. Мені подобається ця музика. Вона дуже хороша.

49. Translate the following into English.

1. Мій батько – викладач англійської мови. 2. Наш учитель зараз у Києві. 3.

Твоя сестра дома? 4. Петро не хворий. 5. Де твій брат? 6. Ми в школі. 7.
Трактори в полі. 8. Ольга вдома? 9. Його батько зараз дуже стомлений. 10. Хто
твоя сестра? Вона лікар. 11. Її дочка в Києві? Ні, вона не в Києві, вона у Львові.
12. Учні в залі? Ні, їх нема в залі, вони в класах. 13. Де твоя ручка?
 33

Вона в портфелі. 14. Де твої книжки? Вони в портфелі. 15. Де географічна

карта? Вона на стіні. 16. Газети на столі. 17. Якого кольору твоя ручка? Моя
ручка червона. 18. Якого кольору парти? Вони білі. 19. Де ти? Я в кухні. 20.
Чому тут нема Петра? Він у школі.

50. Translate the following sentences into English using the verb to be in the
Present Simple Tense.

1. Як тебе звуть? – Мене звуть Енн. 2. Яка твоя адреса? – Моя адреса:Оксфорд
Стріт, 45. 3. Звідки ти родом? (… приїхала?) – Я з Лондона. 4. Хто це (на
фотографії)? – Це мій батько. 5. Як його звуть? – Його звуть Джон. 6. Де він?
– Він у Лондоні. 7. Я Олена, а це Микола. Він мій брат. Йому 10 років, а мені
12 років. Ми з Харкова. 8. Я учень. Я в школі. 9. Мій брат – художник. Він не
інженер. 10. Моя сестра на роботі. Вона лікар. 11. Він студент. 12. Ви студент?
– Ні, я лікар. 13. Моя сестра вдома. 14. Ми не в школі. Ми вдома. 15. Мій брат
– учень. Він у школі. 16. Ваша мама вдома? – Ні, вона на роботі. 17. Ваш
двоюрідний брат вдома? – Ні, він у школі. Він учень. 18. Ваша сестра
вчителька? – Ні, вона студентка. 19. Твій тато на роботі? – Ні, він вдома. 20.
Твоя сестра – друкарка? – Так. – Вона вдома? – Ні, вона на роботі. 21. Мій
дідусь – учений. 22. Моя мама не вчителька. Вона лікар.

51. Translate the following into English using the verb to be in the Present
Simple Tense.

1. Мене звуть Катя. 2. Мені 14 років. 3. Я українка. Я з Києва. 4. Я учениця. 5.

Мій улюблений вид спорту – теніс. 6. Я цікавлюся музикою. 7. Мій улюблений
предмет – англійська мова. 8. Мій тато – програміст. Він не цікавиться
політикою. 9. Моя мама – зубний лікар. Вона цікавиться мистецтвом. 10. Ми
завжди зайняті, але ми дуже щасливі бути разом. 11. Чия
 34

це ручка? – Це моя ручка. 12. Чия це книжка? – Це ваша книжка. 13. Чий це
стіл? – Це стіл мого брата. 14. Чия це сумка? – Це сумка моєї мами. 15. Чий
це олівець? – Це олівець моєї сестри. 16. Це твій зошит? – Так. 17. Це зошит
твого брата? – Ні, це мій зошит. 18. Де ваш стіл? – він посередині кімнати.
19. Де твоя ручка? – Вона в моїй кишені. 20. Де твій зошит? – Він на столі.
21. Де твоя мама? – Вона на роботі. 22. Де твій брат? – Він у школі. 23. Де твоя
сестра? – Вона вдома. 24. Чий це олівець? – Це мій олівець. – А де мій олівець?
– Він на столі. 25. Чий це годинник? – Це мій годинник. – А де мій годинник?
– Він на столі.

52. Translate the following sentences into English using the verb to be in the
Present Simple Tense.

1. Я не учень. Я студент.
2. Його брат учень. Він у школі.
3. Мої батьки інженери. Вони на роботі.
4. Ви лікар? – Ні, я вчитель.
5. Твоя сестра учениця? – Ні, вона інженер. Вона на роботі.
6. Її сестра не секретарка. Вона вчителька.
7. Ці люди лікарі? – Ні, вони льотчики.
8. Ваша сестра вдома? – Ні, вона на роботі.
9. Наш батько вчений.
10. Його тітка не лікар. Вона актриса.
11. Це моя книжка. Вона на столі.
12. Мій двоюрідний брат не вчений, він інженер.
13. Це картини. Вони на стіні. Картини дуже гарні.
14. Моя бабуся пенсіонерка. Вона не на роботі. Вона вдома.
15. Ваші діти школярі? – Так, вони школярі.
 35

The Verb "to have" in the Present Simple Tense.

Model 2. My mother has the greatest capacity to embarrass anyone I've ever met.
My mother doesn't have the greatest capacity to embarrass anyone I've ever met.
Does my mother have the greatest capacity to embarrass anyone I've ever met?
My mother has the greatest capacity to embarrass anyone I've ever met, doesn't
she?
Does my mother or does my father have the greatest capacity to embarrass
anyone I've ever met? - My mother does.
What type of capacity does my mother have?

53. Make the following interrogative and negative.

1. The children have lunch at eleven. 2. They have breakfast at half past seven. 3.
Jane has a book-shelf. 4. My sister has music lessons once a week. 5. I have enough
paper to write three letters. 6. The children have many toys. 7. We have coffee in
the afternoon. 8. I have a bath once a week. 9. Peter has a tape recorder.
10. I have this textbook on physics. 11. Her daughter has a piano. 12. We have much
snow this winter. 13. His uncle has a garden. 14. You have many relatives there.

54. Translate into English.

1. У Вас є брати або сестри? – Ні, я єдина дитина у родині. 2. О котрій годині
Ви снідаєте? – Я снідаю о 7-й годині ранку. 3. Я голодний. Давайте
перекусимо. 4. Ти можеш мені допомогти? – На жаль, ні. У мене немає
вільного часу. 5. Зараз у нас урок англійської мови. 6. Зазвичай вони обідають
о 3-й годині. 7. У неділю ми відвідуємо своїх друзів. Ми гарно проводимо час
разом. 8. Де учні? – В них зараз урок англійської мови. 9. Давайте поговоримо.
Я хочу обговорити з вами наші проблеми. 10. У Вас багато родичів у Львові?
– Ні, не багато. 11. У мене є фотоапарат. 12. У мого
 36

товариша є мотоцикл. 13. У нас є авторучки. 14. У тебе кольорові олівці? 15.
У Віктора є велосипед? 16. У мене немає вільного часу. 17. У них немає англо-
українських словників. 18. У мене немає цієї статті. 19. У тебе є брат в Києві?
20. У неї є родичі в Сочі? 21. У нас немає часу піти туди. 22. Що утебе в
кишені. 23. Скільки в неї братів і сестер? 24. Ви обідаєте вдома чи в шкільній
їдальні?

55. Complete these sentences using the most suitable expressions from the
box. Put the verb into the correct form where necessary.

have a nice time have a chat have a baby

have a good flight have a look have a party

have a bath have a rest have a cigarette

Model: Jack likes to keep fit, so he has a swim every day.

Tom and Ann have just come back from the restaurant.

You say: Hello, did you have a nice meal?

1. We last Friday. It was great – we invited lots of people.

2. “How often ?” “Not often. I don’t like washing.”

3. Suzanne gave up her job six months ago when she .

4. Excuse me, can I at your newspaper, please?

5. You meet Tom at airport. He has just arrived. You say: Hello, Tom! ?

6. “Where’s Jim?” “He in his room. He is very tired.”

7. I met Ann in the street yesterday. We stopped and .

8. I haven’t seen you since you came back from holiday ?

9. I don’t usually smoke. But I felt nervous, so I .

 37

IV. Writing

56. You are participating in an exchange student programme between Ukraine

and USA. One of the requirements of the programme is to write a letter on any
of the following topics.

- Describe the relative you were especially close to when you were growing
up.
- Describe how your siblings are similar or different from you.

57. Find ten mistakes in the email.

Hi,
My name is Stefano and I am Italian student. I am
coming from Rome, which I am thinking is the most
beautiful city in the world.
At the moment I studying Engineering at university in
Pisa, so I am living in a flat with three other students. We
have a lot in common and are sharing the same sense of
humour. Most nights we listen music, and on Saturdays we
usually go to a disco and dance all night. All except Marco,
who is studying Chemistry. He is very boring and is never
going out.
This year I am study English twice a week because I would really like to work for
an American company when I am finish my degree.
Look forward to hearing from you soon.
All the best,
Stefano
P.S. I have attached some photos of me and the Leaning Tower.

58. Rewrite the email with the mistakes corrected.

 38

59. Write an email introducing yourself to a new friend according to the

following plan.

Introductory Give brief information about yourself: who you are,

Paragraph where you come from.

Paragraph 1 Describe your physical appearance. Move from the

most general aspects to the most specific details.

Paragraph 2 Describe your personality, behavior, manners.

Paragraph 3 Give details of your life, beliefs, hobbies, interests.

Paragraph 4 Give some information about the members of your

family, your relatives and friends.

Paragraph 5 Describe the university your study at.

V. Listening

60. Pre-listening questions:

a). What do you think is the average family in Ukraine like?

b). Is the size of the average family in Ukraine growing or getting smaller? Do you
know why?

61. Listen to the text “The Modern Ukrainian Family: What Does it Look
Like?” and decide whether the following statements are true or false.

1. The introduction of market conditions and the lack of social guarantees make
young people get married at an earlier age.
2. More and more women have children at about 30 because they are interested in
getting education and making career.
3. Both the number of marriages and the number of divorces have decreased during
the last decade.
 39

4. The majority of young Ukrainian families earn enough money to support

themselves.
5. Young Ukrainian mothers and fathers have more knowledge of how to bring up
their children.
6. More and more children are raised in one-parent families.
7. The radical changes in the Ukrainian families are different from the world’s
family planning tendencies.

62. Listen to the text again and fill in the gaps with numerals:

According to the State Statistics Committee of Ukraine, the number of marriages

registered in the country has decreased sharply over the past fifteen years (from _
in to in _). It is
interesting to note that despite the decrease in the number of marriages, the number
of divorces has remained relatively stable. For example, while in there
were official divorces, in the totalled . The
saddest thing about divorces in Ukraine is, perhaps, that of them
affect families with underage children.
_ of young Ukrainian families report the worsening of their financial
situation; and have to rely on financial support from their parents. Only
answered that they earn a sufficient income to maintain their
families. Due to the lack of funds, of young Ukrainian families cannot
buy or rent apartments and have to live either in youth hostels or share housing with
either spouse’s parents. Almost of young Ukrainian families
have no children; _ have one child; and only raise
_ children.
 40

VI. Speaking

63. Read these words from the song “Don’t worry, be happy” by Bobby
McFerrin in pairs and say if you have got a happy family. Discuss the questions.

In every life we have some trouble,

But when you worry you make it double

Don’t worry, be happy.

1. Do you agree with the singer?

2. Do you worry too much?
3. What do you worry about?
4. What helps you to stop worrying?

64. Work with another student.

- Speak for two or three minutes without interruption. Your partner should draw
a tree diagram of your family and make notes of any special information about the
different family members and relationship between them.
- After you have finished, your partner should tell you what they have
understood about your family by referring to their notes. See how much they
remembered.

65. Read and translate the quotations below.

- Our children will hate us too. John Lennon (1940-80), singer/songwriter

- Without a family, a man, alone in the world, trembles with the cold. André
Malraux (1901-97), French novelist and politician
 41

- In the healthiest families, the power is shared by agreement. In the others, one
parent or the other is usually more powerful. Actor John Cleese and
psychologist Robin Skinner in “Families and How to Survive Them”
- No matter how old a mother is, she watches her middle-aged children for signs
of improvement. Florida Scott-Maxwell, US psychologist
- God gives us our relatives: thank God we can choose our friends. Ethel Watts
Mumford (1878-1940), Humorous writer

66. Work in small groups. Answer the questions and discuss the quotations
with other students.

1. What do you think each quotation means?

2. Which do you agree with? Which do you disagree with? Why?
3. Choose two of the quotations you found the most interesting. In your group
check how you know the correct pronunciation of each word and make a note of
the words which should receive more stress.
4. Work with a student from another group. Read your quotations out loud to them.
Ask them what opinions their group had about these quotations.

67. Read the following proverbs and sayings and find Ukrainian equivalents in
the dictionary. Explain how you understand their meaning.

1. To be born with a silver spoon in your mouth. To be born under a lucky star.
2. To be head over heels in love.
3. Like father, like son. To be his father’s son.
4. To get on like a house on fire.
5. Black sheep of the family.
6. To offer your hand in marriage. To ask for somebody’s hand in marriage.
7. To make a happy family, the husband must be deaf and the wife blind.
8. Love is blind.
 42

9. Where love is, there’s nothing lacking.

10. Love enters a man through his eyes, a woman through her ears.

68. Using the expressions describe the parent-child relationships.

A) you would like to have in your family

B) you wouldn’t like to have
- to get on/along with
- to trust
- to rely on
- to be close to
- to row/quarrel about smth with smb = to have a row
- to blame smb for smth

69. Use the expressions to describe:

A) lenient/tolerant parents
B) strict parents
C) unacceptable methods of upbringing

- to grant children sufficient freedom

- to encourage smb to do smth
- to punish
- to nag at smb
- to moralise on/about smth
- to reward = to pay off child’s behavior
- to discipline
- to criticize for smth
- to humiliate smb
- to tell smb off for doing smth/to scold
- to bribe a child
- to smack = to spank
 43

- to take privileges away

- to put a child in the time-out spot
- to spoil a child
- to threaten smb with smth
- to find fault with smb

70. Though normal children can exhibit all the behaviours listed below, we can
distinguish between positive and negative patterns of behaviour. Use the
expressions to describe.

A) a model child
B) a troublemaker/a disobedient child

- to moan and groan

- to rebel against smb/smth
- to sulk over/about smth
- to apologise to smb for doing smth
- to take offence at smb
- to throw a tantrum
- to answer back
- to obey immediately
- to behave properly/perfectly/badly/poorly
- to misbehave
- to ignore regulations
- to neglect one’s duties
- to act up
- to break the rules
- to act (ir)responsibly

71. Do you agree or disagree with the following statements? Explain your point
of view.
 44

1. Parents are the best teachers.

2. Classmates influence a child’s success in school more than parents.
3. There is nothing that young people can teach older people.
4. A person’s childhood years are the most important years of a person’s life.
5. A gift can contribute to a child’s development.

72. Read the following statements. Discuss them in small groups. Put the
questions to your fellow-students.

1. It is said that children learn more in the first two years of life than at any other
stage. What kinds of things have most children learnt by the age of two? What
do they learn themselves, and what are they taught?
2. Say what you think are the three most important qualities of any ideal parent.
Are there any other qualities that you would like to add to your list?
3. How would you rate the way that your parents brought you up? If you are a
parent, how do you rate yourself? If you are not a parent, do you think you would
make a good one?

73. Questions for discussion:

1) Should parents be always strict with their children? Why?

2) What are the main ways of spoiling a child?
3) How should parents teach their children to be responsible?
4) How can parents teach a child to be an independent thinker?
5) Which kinds of encouragement are the most effective?
6) What kind of punishment can be applied in bringing up children?
7) Should parents force their children to succeed in their studies at any cost?
8) Is TV an enemy or a friend for parents in raising their children?
9) Should parents make their children follow strictly fixed daily routine? Why?
Why not?
10) In what cases do parents need a babysitter or a nanny?
 45

VII. Topical Vocabulary List

adolescence (n) divorce (n)

adopted child (adj) divorcee (n)

adult (n) dreadful (adj)

aggressive (adj) easy-going (adj)

altogether (adv) educated (adj)

appalling taste (adj) elegant (adj)

aunt (n) embarrass (v)

awkward (adj) emotionally stable (adj)

brave (adj) empty-headed (adj)

bread-maker (n) endless (adj)

brother(n) enemies (n)

brother-in-law (n) envious (adj)

capacity (n) equal partner (n)

cheerful (adj) failure (n)

complain (v) family (n)

confidence (n) family quarrels (n)

conflicts arise (v) father (dad) (n)

cousin (n) father-in-law (n)

daughter (n) gaiety (n)

daughter-in-law (n) generation gap (n)

dazzling opportunities (n) generous (adj)

descendant (n) gesture (n)

direct descendant (n) good-hearted (adj)

 46

grandchildren (n) pretty (adj)

granddaughter (n) progeny (n)

grandfather (n) rebel (v)

grandmother (n) relationships parents
grandparents (n)
relatives (n)
grandson (n)
relief (n)
great-grandfather(n)
responsibility (n)
great-grandmother (n)
self-identity (n)
handsome (adj)
heir (n) senior (adj)

hereditary (adj) sense of importance (n)

hideous (adj) sensitive (adj)

husband(n) serious discussion (n)

inability (n) sharp-minded (adj)

inseparably (adv) shy (adj)

intelligent (adj) simple-hearted (adj)

junior (adj) single (n)

mother (mum) (n) sister (n)

mother-in-law (n) sister-in-law (n)

nephew (n) slim (adj)

niece (n) smart (adj)

ordered adult world (n) sociable (adj)

orphan (n) son (n)

parents (n) son-in-law (n)

period (n) sophisticated (adj)

poor family (n) relationships (n) source of conflicts (n)

 47

stepfather (n) twins (n)

stepmother (n) uncle (n)

stubborn (adj) values (n)

support (n) widow (n)

surgeon (n) widower (n)

talented (adj) wife (n)

turbulent time (n)

Additional expressions and word-combinations

are you doing well? get on well with parents

are you related to her? graduate from the University

as old as the hills grow up

be fond of have the world at one’s feet

be heartbroken have you any sisters or brothers?

be in (to have) a habit of doing smth. he is handsome

be increasingly irritable how many persons are there in your

family?
be intolerable
how old are you?
be married
I am a loner. I don’t like a noisy
be neglected
crowd.
be retired (on pension)
I am the only child in the family
be touchy
I am Ukrainian (English, American)
choose a career path
I have neither brother nor sister
did you get a diploma (certificate)?
introduce oneself
dispute
is your (sister, brother) younger or
get married elder than you?
 48

is your family large (small)? weak/strong parental guidance

I was born on the 30th of May, 1998 we are a family of four

leave school what are you?

rebel against smth what are you going to be?

refusal to attend school what are your hobbies?

relationships with parents what country are you from?

run away from home what does he (she) look like?

scream what do you enjoy most?

search for smth what is your address?

seize what is your favorite subject?

she (he) has a noble look what is your nationality?

she (he) is energetic what is your phone number?

she (he) is so tactful what kind of education did you get?

she (he) is so unique what’s your first name

she (he) looks like her (his) father what’s your last name
(mother)
what’s your occupation?
she is like her mother (father)
what’s your surname?
she is pretty (charming)
when did you leave school?
stay out late
when were you born?
study medicine/law
where are you from?
tear out one’s hair
work overtime
they look like

turn to crime
49