Code No: 5421AW R17

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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
M. Tech II Semester Examinations, June/July - 2018
EQUIPMENT DESIGN FOR THERMAL SYSTEMS
(Thermal Engineering)
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Time: 3hrs Max.Marks:75

Note: This question paper contains two parts A and B.

Part A is compulsory which carries 25 marks. Answer all questions in Part A. Part B
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consists of 5 Units. Answer any one full question from each unit. Each question carries
10 marks and may have a, b, c as sub questions.
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PART - A
5 × 5 Marks = 25
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1.a) Compare and contrast Casketed plate and Lamella heat exchangers. [5]
b) Explain the limitations and advantages of 2-6 heat exchangers. [5]
c) Bring out the influence of Impurities upon Condensation. [5]
d) Give the complete classification of Vaporizing Exchangers. [5]
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e) Classify the Cooling Towers with line diagrams. [5]

PART – B
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5 × 10 Marks = 50

2.a) Explain 3-8 heat exchanger and its usage.

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b) A cross flow exchanger with cold fluid unmixed is used to cool air from 880C by using
air at 220 C. The hot air flows at a rate of 3000 kg/hr while the cold air rate is 7000
kg/hr. The hot air leaves the exchanger at 560 C. Assuming the overall heat transfer
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coefficient to be 72 W/m2 C, calculate the exit temperature of the cold fluid and the area
of the heat exchanger. [5+5]
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3.a) Derive an equation for LMTD for cross flow heat exchanger.
b) In a shell and tube heat exchanger cold water at the rate of 5 kg/s is heated from 36 to
54 0C. The water is flow in tubes of 1 inch OD, 12 BWG. Hot water available at 96 0C
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and at a rate of 2.2 kg/s is used as the heating medium on the shell side of
ID 21.25 inch. If the length of tubes must not be more than 2.2 m, calculate the number
of tube passes, the number of tubes per pass, assuming the overall heat transfer
coefficient as 1490 W/m2K. [5+5]
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4.a) What are the methods of augmentation of heat transfer? Explain any one method of
augmentation in detail.
b) A 2-4 shell and tube heat exchanger is used to heat process fluid (water) from 300C to
800C. The mass flow rate of the process fluid is 8000 kg/hr and that of the service fluid
is 6000 kg/hr, which is available at a temperature of 2000C. The overall heat transfer
coefficient is 1500 w/m2k. Find out the outlet temperature of service fluid, and the area
required to the heat transfer. After a long time of operation of the heat exchanger, it is
found that the outlet temperature of the process fluid is only 700C. Find the fouling
resistance developed during this period. Take Cp of service fluid = 2.8 KJ/kg K, Cp of
process fluid = 4.2 KJ/kg K. [5+5]
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5.a) Explain Pressure drop in Pipes and Pipe Annuli with the help of suitable diagrams.
b) 20,000 kg/hr of API distilled is cooled from 100 to 500C using cooling water from 30 to
450C. Available for the service is a 50 mm ID, 1-2 exchanger having 246 tubes 60mm
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OD 16BWG, 5 m long on 9 cm2 pitch. Baffles are spaced 10cm apart and the bundles
are arranged for four passes. What arrangement gives the more nearly balanced
pressure drops and what is the dirt factor? The viscosity to distillate is 3.1 centipoise at
400C and 1.3 at 1000C. [5+5]
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6.a) Derive an expression for average heat transfer co-efficient for condensation of vapor
on a flat vertical plate, using Nusselt’s theory.
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b) Dry steam at 1020 C condenses on the outside surface of a horizontal pipe of 30 cm
outer diameter. The pipe surface is maintained at 820 C by circulating water through it.
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Determine the rate of formation of condensate per meter length of the pipe and heat
transfer quantity. [5+5]
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7. The Refrigerant 134a vapor at a saturation temperature of 48 0C condenses on a
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horizontal smooth copper tube whose outside wall temperature is maintained constant
at 40 0C. The outside tube diameter is 19 mm. Calculate the average condensation heat
transfer co-efficient on the tube. The properties of R 134a at 48 0C are
p1 = 1117.3 kg/m3; pv = 62.5 kg/m3; k1 = 0.068W/mk; μ1 = 1.72 × 10-4 Ns/m2;
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hfg = 154.6 kj/kg. [10]

8.a) Explain about Forced and Natural circulation vaporizer with a neat line diagram.
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b) 40,000 lb/hr of 30 API distillate is cooled from 220 to 120 0F by using cooling water
from 80 to 110 0F. Available for the service is a 19 ¼ inch ID, 1-2 exchanger having
200 tubes ¼ inch OD, 16 BWG, 16 ft. long on 1.0 inch square pitch. Baffles are spaced
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6 inch apart, and the bundles are arranged for four passes. What arrangement gives the
more nearly balanced pressure drops and what is the dirt factor? What is optimum
outlet water temperature? The viscosity of distillate is 3.1. Centipoise at 100 0F and
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1.3 centipoise at 210 0F. [10]
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9.a) Write short note on Extended –surface Shell and tube Exchangers.
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b) It is desired to cool 18,000 lb/hr of 280 API gas from 250 to 2000F in double pipe
exchanger containing of 3-in. IPS shells with 1½-in. IPS inner pipes on which are
mounted 24 fins ½ in. high by 0.035 in.(20 BWG) wide. Water from 80 to 1200F will
serve as the cooling medium. Pressure drops of the 10.0 psi are allowed on both
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streams, and fouling factors of 0.002 for the gas oil and 0.003 for the water are
required. How many 20-ft hairpins will be required? [5+5]
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10.a) With the help of simple sketches explain the hyperbolic cooling towers bringing out the
salient points.
b) Dry steam at 1000 C condenses on the outside surface of a horizontal pipe of 2.5 cm
outer diameter. The pipe surface is maintained at 840 C by circulating water through it.
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Determine the rate of formation of condensate per meter length of the pipe. [5+5]
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11. A steam turbine has a condenser flow (of steam) at a full load of 13000 kg/hr. The
quality of steam at turbine exhaust is 0.88. The condenser pressure is 0.09 bar. Sea
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water used for circulation is at 2.40C. The terminal temperature difference between the
steam and outgoing water is 560C. The circulating water velocity is maintained at
1.7 m/s. The condenser tubes are of 14 mm ID and 1.24 mm thickness. Determine:
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a) The rate of flow of cooling water
b) The length of tubes
c) The number of tubes in condenser, Take U0 = 3350 W/m2k.
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[10]

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