INTERNATIONAL ISO

STANDARD 3964

Third edition
2016-11-01

Dentistry — Coupling dimensions for

handpiece connectors
Médecine bucco-dentaire — Dimensions d’accouplement pour pièces
à main dentaires

Reference number
ISO 3964:2016(E)

© ISO 2016
ISO 3964:2016(E)


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Contents Page

Foreword......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... iv
1 Scope.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
2 Normative references....................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
3 Terms and definitions...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
4 Classification............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
5 Requirements........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2
5.1 General............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 2
5.2 Dimensions.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2
5.3 Coupling force........................................................................................................................................................................................ 10
6 Sampling......................................................................................................................................................................................................................10
7 Test methods...........................................................................................................................................................................................................10
7.1 Dimensions............................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
7.2 Coupling force........................................................................................................................................................................................ 11

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Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 106 Dentistry, Subcommittee SC 4 Dental
instruments.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 3964:1982), which has been technically
revised with the following changes:
a) addition of definitions for “coupling dimension” and “coupling systems”;
b) addition of four types for “classification”;
c) additional types of coupling systems:
— with and without light supply;
— with internal and external supply of air and water (spray);
d) improved technical drawings.

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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 3964:2016(E)

Dentistry — Coupling dimensions for handpiece

connectors

1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the coupling between handpieces and motors connected to
dental units.
This International Standard specifies the nominal dimensions, tolerances and the extraction force of
coupling systems for use between handpiece and motor which supply the handpiece with water, air and
light and rotation energy.

2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 1942, Dentistry — Vocabulary
ISO 2768-1, General tolerances — Part 1: Tolerances for linear and angular dimensions without individual
tolerance indications
ISO 2768-2, General tolerances — Part 2: Geometrical tolerances for features without individual tolerance
indications
ISO 14457, Dentistry — Handpieces and motors

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1942, ISO 14457 and the
following apply.
3.1
coupling dimension
description of the dimensions of connectors between air- and electrical motors and straight and angled
handpieces, used to connect and supply the handpiece system
3.2
coupling system
combination of connector parts between air- and electrical motors and straight and angled handpieces,
used to connect and supply the handpiece system

4 Classification
For the purpose of this International Standard, coupling systems are classified into the following types:
— Type 1: coupling system for straight and angle handpieces and motors without internal spray supply
and without light supply;
— Type 2: coupling system for straight and angle handpieces and motors with internal spray supply
and without light supply;

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ISO 3964:2016(E)


— Type 3: coupling system for straight and angle handpieces and motors with internal spray supply
and with light supply;
— Type 4: coupling system for straight and angle handpieces and motors without internal spray supply
and with light supply.

5 Requirements

5.1 General
Types of the coupling for handpieces and for motors are specific parts of dental handpieces.
Requirements for dental handpieces are specified in ISO 14457.

5.2 Dimensions
The dimensions and the configuration of handpiece-sides and motor-sides shall be as specified in
Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 6, Figure 7 and Figure 8 with coupling dimensions
X1 and X2 as specified in Table 1.

Table 1 — Coupling dimensions X1 and X2

Coupling Dimension Long Middle Short Extra short
Motor X1 max. 31,8 mm max. 24,8 mm max. 22,8 mm max. 18,8 mm
Handpiece X2 min. 32 mm min. 25 mm min. 23 mm min. 19 mm

Dimensions without tolerances shall be in accordance with ISO 2768-1 and ISO 2768-2.
Alternative designs of the coupling lock system are permitted.
The type of handpiece length shall be indicated in the manufacturer’s instructions for use.
Testing shall be carried out in accordance with 7.1.

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Dimensions in millimetres

Edges shall be burr-free or round.

Figure 1 — Type 1 — Handpiece

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Dimensions in millimetres

Key
r can either be a radius or a cone shape with the point angle of ≤120
Edges shall be burr-free or round.

Figure 2 — Type 1 — Motor

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Dimensions in millimetres

Key
1 air
2 water
3 grooves and geometry for sealing rings given by the manufacturer
4 - - - - - sealing surface
Edges shall be burr-free or round.

Figure 3 — Type 2 — Handpiece

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Dimensions in millimetres

Key
1 sealing ring
r can either be a radius or a cone shape with the point angle of ≤120
Edges shall be burr-free or round.
a Locking device, as given by the manufacturer.
b Axial clearance with connected handpiece max. 0,3 mm.
c Grooves and geometry for sealing rings given by the manufacturer.
d Water.
e Air.

Figure 4 — Type 2 — Motor

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Dimensions in millimetres

Key
1 air
2 water
3 grooves and geometry for sealing rings given by the manufacturer
4 light entrance
5 - - - - - - sealing surface
Edges shall be burr-free or round.

Figure 5 — Type 3 — Handpiece

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Dimensions in millimetres

Key
1 handpiece, connected
2 light exit
3 sealing ring
r can either be a radius or a cone shape with the point angle of ≤120
Edges shall be burr-free or round.
a Locking device, as given by the manufacturer.
b Axial clearance with connected handpiece max. 0,3 mm.
c Groves and geometry of sealing rings given by the manufacturer.
d Water.
e Air.

Figure 6 — Type 3 — Motor

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Dimensions in millimetres

Key
1 grooves and geometry for sealing rings given by the manufacturer
2 light entrance
3 - - - - - - sealing surface
Edges shall be burr-free or round.

Figure 7 — Type 4 — Handpiece

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Dimensions in millimetres

Key
1 handpiece, connected
2 light exit
r can either be a radius or a cone shape with the point angle of ≤120
Edges shall be burr-free or round.
a Locking device, as given by the manufacturer.
b Axial clearance with connected handpiece max. 0,3 mm.

Figure 8 — Type 4 — Motor

5.3 Coupling force

The extraction force required to move the connected handpiece from the motor shall be at least 30 N or
the motor shall have an appropriate design to release cooling air pressure.
Testing shall be carried out in accordance with 7.2.

6 Sampling
One representative sample of each type of coupling system shall be selected for the test.

7 Test methods

7.1 Dimensions
Use a measuring device with an accuracy of ±0,01 mm for linear dimensions or ±1° for angles, e.g.
a gauge or dial indicator. Measure and record the dimensions shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3,
Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 6, Figure 7 and Figure 8.

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7.2 Coupling force

Install the handpiece with the motor in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Use a
measuring device such as a spring force gauge with an accuracy of ±0,5 N. Measure and record the
extraction forces required to disconnect the coupling system.

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