o Thresholds and Issues

INTRODUCTION TO o Work Products & Documents

PRIMAVERA o Project Web Site
• Primavera P6 is very flexible in how it can be Enterprise and Project-Specific Data
used, it is also designed to help you manage
projects well. And when used properly, you • The following types of data are
can maintain a reliable budget, anticipate enterprise, as well as project-specific:
cash flow and resource usage, and record o Calendars
and react to changes as they arise. What's o Reports
more, you can bring the various members of o Activity codes
the project team together, set standards, and • System administrators define enterprise
define the right way to run projects at your data. Project managers define project-
specific company. specific data to further control their
• Primavera P6 is designed to help projects.
organizations manage their projects in a
coherent manner, giving them the power to
make better decisions and allowing them to START UP & NAVIGATION
focus on the best strategies.
Logging in
Enterprise And Project-Specific Data
• Before using Primavera, you must enter
Enterprise Data a valid password name.
o Go to: Select Program, Select
• Its provides a global structure needed to
Primavera P6 Professional,
manage multiple projects. It is available double click (P6) icon, type a valid
to all projects across the organization
Passwords “admin”, ok
and provides the structure necessary for
centralized project and resource Workspace
management.
• The main windows have different
• Centralized project management include:
functions, but the navigation options are
o Project structure
consistent.
o Project codes
• The Home window is a starting point for
o Admin categories and preference
navigating through various windows
• Centralized resource management
include:
o Resources
o Cost accounts
o Resource codes
Project Specific Data
• Project Specific Data is only available to
the project in which it is defined.
o Dates
o Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
o Activities
o Activity relationships
o Baselines ITEM FUNCTIONALITY
o Expenses Title Bar Displays current application
o Risks and name of open projects
Menu Bar Perform functions in Opening an Existing Project
Primavera
Access Modes
Directory Bar Quickly display Primavera
windows You have the option to select an access mode
Navigation Move between open windows, prior to opening a project:
Bar toggle the Directory bar, and
open Help • Read Only, You can view data, but can
Status Bar Displays user’s login name, not input or change data.
data date of open projects • Shared, Multiple users can view, input,
access mode, and current and change data and the default setting.
baseline • Exclusive, The current user is the only
user who can edit data on these projects.
Navigation Bar Other users can access these projects in
Read Only mode.
• It is used to move between open o Go to: File Open, Select (Any
windows, to return to the Home window, Project inside Open Project dialog
to display and hide the Directory bar, and box), Select (Access mode), Open
to access Help for the current window.
• Which is turned on by default, can be Navigations
toggled Toolbars), Select Closeon/off in Activities Windows
the View menu.
o Go to: View, Toolbars, Customize, • The Activities window is used to create,
Select (Toolbar), Select Close view, and edit activities for open projects.
It can be divided into a top and a bottom
Configuration layout.
Admin Preferences
Item Functionality
• Where you can set the default code Command bar Displays options for
separator for the WBS, setting the start adding or removing
day of the week and specify the default activity data
Gantt Chart Provides graphical
duration for the new activity.
display of activity
o Go to: Admin, Admin Preferences, progress over time
General, Select (Code Separator, Activity Details View/edit detailed
Starting day of Week, Activity information for selected
Duration), Close activity
User Preferences Horizontal Split Hide or show more
Bar information in top/bottom
• The Open Project dialog box lists display layouts
all the projects you have access to open Vertical Split Bar Drag bar to hide/show
o Open a single project more information in each
▪ Go to: File, Open, Select pane
(Any Project inside Open Activity Table Display activity
Project dialog box), Open information in
spreadsheet format
o Open a single EPS node
Layout Options Displays menu of
o Open Multiple projects under
Bar available options for
different nodes Activities window

Opening Layouts
It is a customizable view of information and a Selecting Columns
combination of all the visual elements that
• You can select columns to display in the
appear on the screen. Layouts are available in
Activity Table, as well as the order in
the Projects, WBS, Activities, Resource
which they appear from left to right.
Assignments, and Tracking windows
o Go to: Columns, Customize,
1. Opening Layouts Select (available options), Group
a. Go to: Layouts, Layouts, Open, & Sort, List, Select (Any columns),
No, Select (Open Layout; Global, Select (Arrow), Apply, Ok
User admin), Apply Open • Use single arrows to move highlighted
data items
Customizing a Layout
• Use double arrows to move all data items
Bars • Use navigation arrows to configure the
order of the data items
• Used to displayed any bars in the Gantt
• Click Edit Column to edit the selected
Chart area representing to any selected
activity name. columns title and choose its alignment in
the display
o Go to: Select (Bars), Select
(Display Bars, Ex: Remaining Activity Network
works) Apply, Ok
• View the relationships defined between
Timescale activities and the logical flow of the
• You can change the timescale for a Gantt activities in the project
o Left Pane – Displays the WBS
Chart, profile, or spreadsheet. When one
hierarchy
of these layout components is displayed
o Right Pane – shows a graphical
in both the Top and Bottom Layout
display of activities and their
windows, changing the timescale affects
relationships
both windows
o Go to: Select (Timescale), Select ▪ Go to: Select (Any
Network), Select (WBS
(Timescale format), Select (show
Name)
ordinal dates), Apply Ok
Closing a Project
Table, font and Row
• You can change or modify the Table, Font • You should close the project when you
and Row in the activity windows are finished working with it. You are
prompted to verify that you want to close
o Go to: Select (Table, Font & Row),
the project
Select (Font and Color, Row,
Height) Apply Ok • Closing the project takes you back to the
Home window
Trace logic o Go to: File, Close All, Yes
• enables you to step forward or backward Enterprise Project Structure
through a sequence of activities to focus
EPS offers many benefits
on predecessor/successor relationships
o Go to: Select (Trace logic), Select • View project priorities, scope, budgets,
(Any Activity Name) and resources across the entire project
structure or within specific node.
 • Manage projects separately while MANAGING MULTIPLE PROJECTS
retaining the ability to roll up and
Creating a New Project
summarize data across multiple projects
o Each node acts as a master • Creating a New Project using the New
project, rolling up all “Child” nodes Project Wizard
and projects o Go to: File, New, Select EPS,
o A node can be opened to view all Next, Type (Project ID, Project
detailed activity information from Name), Next, Select (Planned
the “Member” projects start start), Must finish by ____,
• You can use Enterprise Project Structure Next, Select (Responsible
dialog box to define the EPS. Manager Options), Select (Rate
• The three fields to enter when adding an type), Next, Congratulations,
EPS node are: Finish
o EPS ID-Identifies the selected
Entering Project ID and Project Name
EPS node.
o EPS Name-Description of the • Project ID – Type a unique ID in this field
selected EPS node. • Project Name – Type a new name in this
o Responsible Manager Use this field. (The Project Name field does not
field to select an OBS require a unique name)
(Organizational Breakdown
Structure) element to associate Entering Project Start and End Dates
with the selected level of the EPS • Use the calendar to select start and end
Creating Enterprise Project Structure dates for the project
• The Must Finish By field is not
• Go to: Enterprise, Select (Enterprise mandatory. You can assign a project
Project Structure), Select (Add), Select Must Finish By date at any point in the
(Shift left), Type (EPS ID & EPS Name), project life cycle by clicking the Dates tab
Close in the Projects window
Entering Responsible Manager Setting up Project Defaults
• The Responsible Manager is the Defaults
individual responsible for the work. A
responsible manager is selected from the • Defaults for New Activities – indicates
OBS dictionary the settings that will be used when new
• Organization Breakdown Structure is activities are added to the projects;
a hierarchical arrangement of an changing these settings will not affect
organization's project management existing activities.
structure, either as roles or individuals. o Duration Type
The OBS can be configured to represent o Percent Complete Type
a detailed organizational breakdown o Activity Type
(with employee names). • Auto-numbering Defaults – Sets how
new activities will be numbered in your
Creating Responsible Manager in OBS project.
• Go to: Enterprise, Select(OBS), o Activity ID Prefix
o Activity ID suffix
Select(Add), Type (OBS Name), Select
o Increment
(Shift left), Close
• Go to: Select (Defaults Tab),
Select(Default for New Activities, Auto
 Numbering defaults), Select(increment activity. For each calendar, you can
activity ID based on selected Activity) define the following
Note: Project is Closed o Available work hours in each
calendar day
CREATING A NEW PROJECT
o Default hours per time period
Selecting Resource Rate Type settings that are used as
conversion factors when entering
• Specify the Resource Rate Type for new or displaying units in time
resource assignments. The default rate increments other than hours
type determines which (Price/unit or o National holidays
Standard Rate) is set on the resource o Your organization's holidays
assignment. The list displays the rate o Project-specific work/ non
types defined in the Rate Types tab in the workdays
Admin Preferences dialog box
Creating Calendars
Calendar Assignments
1. Go to: Enterprise, calendar, Add, Select,
Calendars Type (Calendar Name), Default
• Can be created and assigned to each 2. Modify, Select (total work hours/day),
activity and resource. Calendar Select (Workweek), type (standard work
assignments activities are used to hours), Ok.
schedule activities and level resources. 3. Select (Detalled work hours/day), Select
o An unlimited number of calendars (Workweek), Modify (Day of the week),
can be created. Ok.
o The Activity Type determines 4. Select (Time Period), Modify (Hours per
whether the activity calendar or Time Period), Ok.
resource calendar is used during 5. Modify (Holidays_double click date), Ok,
scheduling. Close

Three Types of Calendars Assigning Calendar

• Global calendar 1. Details, Select (Defaults), Select

o Contains calendars that can be (Calendar Options), Select, Close. Note:
used by all projects in the Project is Closed
database. CREATING A WORK BREAKDOWN
o Available for all resources and STRUCTURE
activities in the database.
• Resource calendar Work Breakdown Structure
o Contains separate calendars for • is a hierarchical arrangement of the
each resource. products and services produced during
o Available for resources. and by a project. It enables you to divide
• Project calendar a project into meaningful and logical
o Contains a separate pool of pieces for the purpose of planning and
calendars for each project. control.
o Available for the current project o Each project has a unique WBS
only. hierarchy.
• You can create and assign calendars to ▪ The root level of the WBS
each resource each project, and each is equal to the project ID
and name.
 o Elements within the WBS have a Activity Components
"child/parent" relationship, which
means that you can roll up and
summarize information from the
lower levels.
Viewing WBS Elements

• When a project is created, a root level

WBS element is added with the same ID
and name as the project.
• The WBS elements added to the root
level element are automatically indented
to form the second level of the hierarchy.
Creating WBS Hierarchy
A WBS element that is added under an element
is automatically indented to form another level Adding Activity using the New Activity
of the hierarchy. Wizard

• Go to: WBS, Select (Add), Select (Move • Depending on your user preferences,
left), Type (WBS ID, WBS Name), Ok you can use New Activity wizard to help
add an activity
Using the Indention Keys • The New Activity wizard walks you
The WBS hierarchy can be adjusted by using through the process of adding an activity.
the indentation keys located on the Command Once you become familiar with the
bar allowing a WBS element to be re-assigned process, you can disable the wizard and
to a different node of the WBS. add activities directly to the project.
o Go to: Select (Add). Type (Activity
ADDING OF ACTIVITIES ID, Activity Name) Next, Select
Activities (WBS), Next. Select (Activity
type), Next, Next, Select (Duration
Activities are the fundamental work elements of type). Next, Select
a project. They are the lowest level of a WBS (Units/duration), ext. No Continue,
and the smallest subdivision of work that project Finish
manager.
Disable the New Activity Wizard
• Most detailed work unit tracked in a
project schedule. • Once you become familiar with the
• Contains all information about the work to process, you can disable the wizard and
be performed. add activities directly to the project.
• Also known as a task, item, event, or o Go to: Edit, User Preferences,
work package. Assistance, Uncheck (Use new
activity wizard)
Adding Activity directly to the Project
• Use the Activities window to create, view,
and modify activities for the open project.
To add an activity to a project, perform
one of the following actions:
 o Click Add from the Command bar. ADDING ACTIVITIES
o In the Edit menu, click Add.
Activity Steps
o Press Insert on the keyboard.
o Right-click and click Add. • allow you to break activities into smaller
units and track the completion of those
Activity Type
units. Steps provide a list of procedures
Assigning & Defining Activity Type required to complete the task and provide
extra guidance to the resources assigned
• Activity Type controls how an activity's
to the activity.
duration dates are calculated.
o You can assign an unlimited
• Select the Activity Type to the activity's number of steps per activity.
function in the project and the calendar
o Steps can be marked completed
that should be used for the activity during in Primavera and by the primary
scheduling. resource in timesheets.
o Go to: Details, Default tab, Select o Steps do not have duration
ty type). Note: project is closed estimates or dates.
• Start Milestone o Each step can have an additional
• Finish Milestone explanation in the text area on the
• Task Dependent right side of the Steps tab.
Finish Milestone ▪ Go to: Details, Steps. Add,
Edit or add from templates
• This type is typically used to mark the
end of a phase or to communicate project
deliverables. Undo
o Zero-duration activity.
o Only has a finish date. • capability is provided in some areas of
o You can assign constraints, steps, Primavera, enabling you to undo errors in
expenses, work products, and the Activities window and the Resource
documents Assignments window.
o You can assign a primary o You can only undo modifications
resource in the General, Status,
o You cannot assign roles Resources, and Relationships
tabs of Activity Details.
Task Dependent o You can only undo activity code
• This type is typically used when the work value assignments that were
needs to be accomplished in a given time assigned using the columns in the
frame, regardless of the assigned Activities window.
resources' availability. CREATING RELATIONSHIPS
o The activity's resources are
scheduled to work according to Network Logic Diagram
the activity calendar. • is a logical representation of all the
o Duration is determined by the by activities in a project showing their
the assigned calendar's dependency relationships.
workweek.
Precedence Diagramming Method
• is a technique used for creating a
network logic diagram.
 • A box represents each activity Relationships with Lag
• Lines with arrow connect the boxes and
LAG
represent relationships between
activities. • specifies an offset or delay between an
activity and its successor. It can be added
Predecessor
to any type of relationship and can be a
• Controls the start or finish of another positive or a negative value.
activity • Lag is scheduled based on the calendar
selected in the General tab in the
Successor
Schedule Options dialog box. There are
• Depends on the start or finish of another four calendar options for scheduling lag:
activity o Predecessor activity calendar
• Start with either the first activity in the o Successor activity calendar
network and enter each successor, or o 24-hour calendar
start with the last activity in the network o Project default calendar
and enter each predecessor Below are two examples of relationships with
Relationship Types lag:

Relationships • Finish-to-Start with Lag - the painting

activity can be start after 7 days of
• Activities must relate to one another in plastering activity completion (FS 7d
some logical way. If an activity does not indicates there is a finish-to-start
relate to any others, then you must relationship with 7 days of lag.)
question whether it is an actual activity
for the project. Only by logically
connecting activities can you truly
schedule a project. The logic is used to
calculate dates.
• Start-to-Start with Lag - The following
• There are four types of relationships.
example shows that the Install Interior
o Finish-to-Start (FS)
Belt Conveyors activity can start five
o Start-to-Start (SS)
days after the Construct Building Exterior
o Finish-to-Finish (FF)
and Structure activity starts.
o Start-to-Finish (SF)
Finish-to-Start (FS)
• When A finishes, the B can start
• Default relationship type in Primavera

Start-to-Start (SS)

• When A starts, the B can start

Start-to-Finish (SF)
Assigning lag in Relationships details
• When A starts, the B can finish
Assigning Lag
• Lag specifies an offset or delay between
an activity and its successor. You can
 adjust the lag between an activity and its • The difference between an activity’s late
successor in the Relationships tab. dates and early dates.
o Go to: Details, Relationship, Add • Activities with zero total float are critical.
(-),(+) lag • An activity's total float is automatically
calculated each time you schedule the
Creating Relationship in Activity Detail
project. You cannot edit an activity's float
• You can also use the Relationships tab values directly.
create relationships within the project.
o Go to: Details, Select
(Relationship). Select (Activity
name). (Assign), Select (Activity
Name), Close, Select (Schedule
or (F9). Activity details to
(Predecessor), Select
Create Relationship directly in Gantt chart
• You can create a relationship between
activities by
o The left edge of the activity
represents the start of the activity. Circular Relationships (Loops)
o The right edge of the activity
• Loops indicate circular logic between two
represents the finish of the activity.
activities
▪ Go to :clicking and
• Primavera will not calculate a schedule
dragging your mouse
until the loop is eliminated
between the two activities.
• A dialogue box is displayed listing the
SCHEDULING activities in the loop
Forward Pass

• Calculates an activity’s early dates

• Early dates are the earliest times an
activity can start and finish once its
Open Ends
predecessors have been completed
• The calculation begins with the activities • Activities without a predecessor or
without predecessors. successor. Finish as its Late Finish
o No predecessor – activity uses
Backward Pass
data date as its Early Start.
• Calculates an activity’s late dates o No successor – activity uses
• Late dates are the latest times an activity project finish as its Late Finish
can start and finish without delaying the • Can portray an unrealistic amount of
end date of the project. positive total float.
• The calculation begins with the activities
without successors
Total Float
• The amount of time an activity can slip
from its early start without delaying the
project.
Schedule Log
• When you schedule a project, activity ASSIGNING CONSTRAINTS
dates are calculated according to
Constraints
durations and logic.
• The Schedule Log records scheduling • Imposed date restrictions used to reflect
result, including: project requirements that cannot be built
o Scheduling/levelling settings into the logic.
o Statistics • Use constraints to build a schedule that
o Errors more accurately reflects the real-world
o Warnings aspects of the project, provide added
o Scheduling/levelling results control to the project, and impose a
o Exceptions restriction on the entire project or an
▪ Go to: Schedule or F9, individual activity
View Log, Close, Schedule • Constraints are user-imposed.
• Two constraints can be assigned to an
Out of sequence activity – dapat tapos na si a
bago si b, pero si b ang nauna kesa sa a activity.
• After applying a constraint, the project
Activities with Actual Date > Data Date – data must be rescheduled to calculate the new
date ay may 4 pero may progress ng may 5, dates.
tatanggapin ng primavera pero sa warning
lalabas Commonly Used Constraints

Driving Relationship Must Finish By

• An activity may have a relationship from • Used when an overall project deadline
a predecessor that determines its Early must be met.
Start. This logic tie is called a Driving • Forces all activities in the project to finish
Relationship by the date (and time) specified.
o Solid relationship line indicates • By default, the time associated to the
a driving relationship. Must Finish By date is set to 12:00 am. If
o Dashed relationship line you assign a Must Finish By of _____,
indicates a non-driving the project must be finished by the end of
relationship the day ______.
• Affects the total float of the entire project.
• Must be applied in the Projects window
on the Dates tab.
• The next step is to reschedule the project
to see the effect of the imposed deadline
 on the late dates and total float in the • Affects the early dates of its successors.
project plan. • Used to prevent an activity from finishing
too early.
Start On or After
Start On
• Used to set the earliest date an activity
can begin. • Forces the activity to start on the
• Forces the activity to start no earlier than constraint date.
the constraint date • Shifts both early and late start dates.
• Pushes the early start to the constraint • Delays an early start or accelerates a late
date start.
• Affects the early dates of its successors • Used to specify dates submitted by
contractors or vendors.
Start On or Before
• Forces the activity to start no later than
the constraint date.
• Shifts the late start to the constraint date.
• Affects the late dates of its predecessors.
Finish On or Before • Used to place a deadline on the start of
• Used to set intermediate completion the activity.
points Adding Notebook Topics
• Forces the activity to finish no later than
the constraint date • When a constraint is assigned to an
• Pulls the late finish date to the constraint activity, it is recommended that you add
date a note to document why the constraint
• Affects the late dates of its predecessors was assigned.
• You can use the Notebook tab in the
Activities window to document these
reasons.

Finish On
• Forces the activity to finish on the
constrain
• Shifts both early and late finish dates.
• Delays an early finish or accelerates a
late finish.
• Used to satisfy intermediate project
deadlines.
Finish On or After
• Forces the activity to finish no earlier than
the constraint date.
• Shifts the early finish to the constraint
date.