Module 5 – Environmental Education and Awareness

Introduction
In module 4, you have learned that Disaster Risk Reduction and management prepared us to become more
vigilant in an unexpected natural phenomenon that may happen and to be responsive in case of emergency and risk
reduction.
This module will explore Philippine's environment, pollution, solid waste management, environmental
principles, and sustainable development. We shall also be discussing climate change and other environmental
issues.
Environmental education and awareness are processes of teaching, learning, and helping indivuals acquire
understanding, skills, and values that make them active and informed citizens for the development of ecologically
sustainable society. (Lee & Tiu-Lee 2006)
Intended Learning Outcomes:
At the end of this module, you are expected to:
1. recommend ways by which the Philippine Environment situations can be saved, protected, and conserved;
2. create an effective campaign that promotes community awareness and ecologically-responsive behaviour;
and
3. propose environmental education program involving your fellow youth.

Preliminary Activity

Watch the short video relevant to the Environmental education and awareness
entitled "One Earth" to watch the video by the given link
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QQYgCxu988s and give your insights regarding the
video.

Now, let us explore on Environmental Education and

Awareness!

DELL 1
 1. DIMENSIONS OF THE PHILIPPINE ENVIRONMENT

As cited in the Philippine Climate Change Commission Report, significant institutions have provided their projections
about its environmental condition.

DELL 2
DELL 3
 ACTIVITY 1 CASE ANALYSIS
Instructions: Read the case and answer the questions given below. You can team up with your classmates for
more ideas and thoughts through telecollaborative learning (ex. Messenger, short messages service, emails, video
chat, voice calls, etc.). Write your answers on another sheet of paper.

NATURE RESERVE INSTITUTE AND BARANGAY BAYALSE

The Nature Reserve Institute is a Non-Government Organization (NGO) that caters to different barangays in
attending to environmental issues. They provide their expertise in aiding the community in planning their
environmental preservation efforts.
Recently, the Institute receives a new project. For the span of six (6) months to a year, the group will help
Brgy. Bayalse in their environmental concerns. Here is their profile sheet:

COMMUNITY PROFILE SHEET

BARANGAY NAME: BARANGAY BAYALSE
CAUSE DIAGNOSIS: The area is currently hit by extensive and sporadic effects of global warming or
climate change.
CURRENT Excessive heat has been the customized situation of the barangay over a long
SITUATION: period. The residents regard it as a normal condition of the area and take it as a
gift from God that there are no deaths and destruction of properties. However, for
the past couple of months, their condition is getting alarming. The rainfall is
unpredictable; it gave no sign when it will start, and when it will stop. Often, it lasts
for 2-3 days continuously. If it's not raining, the community experiences a long
duration of drought.
PHYSICAL 1. FLOODING: Many residents have left the community, and many are evacuated
EFFECT/S: to other areas. Many have lost their valuable properties damaged during the
unexpected midnight flooding. Some of the homes have already disappeared
below the muddy water.
2. LANDSLIDES: Due to the soil structure that does not permeate water easily,
whenever it rains, it causes landslides. This resulted in the loss of properties, lives,
and causes road accidents.
3. DROUGHT: Months of dry weather result in food shortages and uncultivated
farmlands.
ECONOMIC 1. LIVELIHOOD ACTIVITIES DISRUPTION: The unpredictable weather is
EFFECT/S: consistently disrupting the crop farming activities which is regarded as their major
means of livelihood. The constant flood also hinders Their alternative source of
income which is fishing.
2. UNDELIVERABLE COMMODITIES AND SUPPLIES: The community is
unreachable during and after a flood or landslides.
PSYCHO-SOCIAL 1. FEARS/ANXIETY OF THE PEOPLE: There is a constant fear in the people
EFFECT/S: every time they hear about bad weather. They fear the possibility of lives and
property loss.
2. HELPLESSNESS: The residents feel hopeless and wait for God's mercy.
3. CONFUSION: They are at a loss as to what is happening in their area and what
proper action to take to remedy the current situation.

DELL 4
 GUIDE QUESTIONS:
1. Based on the case, what are the problems in Barangay Bayalse?
2. What actions can you propose in response to the issues you have enumerated?
3. If you are living in this community, what can you do as a student to solve the concerns and issues of
Barangay Bayalse?

2. LAND, AIR AND WATER POLLUTION IN THE PHILIPPINES

A. LAND POLLUTION
o On average, every Filipino throw away 0.5 kilograms of solid waste each day.
o 6,000 to 7,000 tons of waste are produced every day.
o Metro Manila's production of waste is estimated at 0.66 kilograms per person per day.
o While highly urbanized cities throw away an average rate of 77 kilograms of waste per person per
day.
o This waste is discharged, collected, or illegally dumped on open spaces.
KIND OF WASTE
Biodegradable Non-biodegradable Non-recyclable Special waste Hazardous waste
waste waste residual waste
o Kitchen o Iron o Sanitary o Spray o Paints
waste o Glass or napkins canisters o Thinner
o Garden bottled glass o Disposable o Tires o Batteries
waste or mirrors diapers o Radios or o Petroleum
o Animal o Rubber o Worn-out other broken products
waste o Dry paper or clothes appliances o pesticides
o Human cartons o Ceramics
waste o Dried animal o Composite
skin or birds packaging
feather o Candy
o Hard shells wrappers or
o Recycled sachets
plastics o Squeezable
o Plastic bottles
containers

The 5 R’s of Solid Waste Management

R-euse R-educe R-ecycle
R-ecover R-efuse
DELL 5
 REUSE Means to find other uses for materials that are
already used.
REDUCE Simply means to lessen the amount of trash that
will add to the environment.
RECYCLE Means creating a new product out of a material that
already served its purposes.
RECOVER Recovering energy that comes from the trash itself
REFUSE Means are saying no to what you don't need.

R. A. 9003 - An Act Providing for an Ecolog1cal Solid Waste Management program creating the necessary
Institutional Mechanisms .and incentives'. Declaring individual Acts prohibited and providing Penalties
appropriating Funds thereof, and for other purposes.
Prohibited Acts
 Littering, throwing, dumping of waste matters in public places such as roads, sidewalks, canals, esteros or
parks, and establishment or causing or permitting the same
 The open burning of solid waste
 Causing or permitting the collection of non-segregated or unsorted wastes
 Squatting in open dumps and landfills
 Open dumping; burying of biodegradable or non-biodegradable materials in flood-prone areas
 Unauthorized removal or recyclable materials intended for collection by authorized persons.
R.A. 9512 – National Environmental Awareness and Education Act of 2008-This promotes national awareness
on the role of natural resources in economic growth and the importance of environmental conservation and ecological
balance towards sustained national development.

B. WATER POLLUTION
o The quality of river waters has diminished so much that almost all the rivers monitored for Dissolved Oxygen
(D.O.), and Biological Oxygen Demand (B.O.) from 1999 to 2007 failed the criteria for Class C body of water.
The latter is meant for fishery production, boating, and industrial water supply after the required treatment.
o In Bulacan, almost all rivers except the Angat Water System are biologically dead.
o The most common water pollutants in the Philippines are oil and human and animal waste, which are
organic.
o Phosphates, nitrates, heavy metals, plastics, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and suspended solids
are also abundant.
o These came from the household, commercial establishments, farms, tourism sites, and industries.
o Water scarcity (inadequate water supply to about 5.5 billion people by 2025)
o Extinction of freshwater species and denudation of watersheds
o Rise of water-borne diseases especially in developing countries
o increase of water demand and water demand in agriculture
o Access to water supply varies, and groundwater extraction is rising.

DELL 6
 Did you know that?
About 97% of all water on Earth is saltwater, which humans can't use in the home or for drinking. Nearly 2% of the
world's freshwater is frozen in Antarctica and Greenland's ice caps, and still, more is deep in the ground. Only about
one-third of 1% of all water on Earth is available for human use!
- Time Almanac, 2010

R.A. 9275 – Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004-the law aims to protect the country's water bodies from pollution
from land-based sources (industries and commercial establishments, agriculture, and community/household
activities). It provides for a comprehensive and integrated strategy to prevent and minimize pollution through a multi-
sectoral and participatory approach involving all the stakeholders.
R.A. 6969 – Toxic Substances, Hazardous, and Nuclear Waste Control Act of 1990- The law aims to protect the
country's water bodies from pollution from land-based sources (industries and commercial establishments, agriculture,
and community/household activities). It provides for a comprehensive and integrated strategy to prevent and
minimize pollution through a multi-sectoral and participatory approach involving all the stakeholders.
C. AIR POLLUTION
o When there is "any alteration of the physical, chemical and biological properties of the atmosphere
making air harmful, detrimental or injurious to public health and environment," air pollution is said to exist.
(EMB-DENR, 2003).
o Air pollutants originate from mobile sources like automobiles, stationary points, industrial firms, and area
sources like busy roads, burning garbage, forest fires, construction work, and aircraft operations.
o Carbon monoxide contributes the most significant amount, 50% of all pollutants in the atmosphere.
o Sulfur oxides, which come from stationary or point sources like manufacturing, processing, and
electricity-generating plants, mills, and chemical industries, account only for 9% of the emissions.
o Nitrogen oxides 15% and volatile organic compounds, 15% are basically from mobile sources; the same
carbon monoxide.
o Particulate matter contributes only 11%, also called soot are minute, microscopic particles suspended on
air.
o Acid rain is a phenomenon that is brought about by sulfur and nitrogen acids in the atmosphere. The
moment these gases react chemically with water, sulphuric acid or nitric acid is formed and lowers the
pH value of rain to 5.6 in mild conditions or as low as 4.1 in highly industrialized countries. (Rabago et al.,
2003).
CLIMATE CHANGE
Climate change is a change in the statistical distribution of weather over time that ranges from decades to millions of
years. It can be a change in the average weather or a change in the distribution of weather events around an average
(for example, more significant or fewer extreme weather events). Climate change may be limited to a specific region
or may occur across the whole Earth.

DELL 7
 The Earth's climate is influenced by many factors, mainly by the amount of energy coming from the sun, but also by
factors such as the number of greenhouse gases and aerosols in the atmosphere, and the properties of the Earth's
surface, which determine how much of this solar energy is retained or reflected space.
Regional climate change is already affecting many natural systems. For instance, it is increasingly being observed
that snow and ice are melting and frozen ground is thawing, hydrological and biological systems are changing, and in
some cases being disrupted, migrations are starting earlier, and species' geographic ranges are shifting towards the
poles. Despite remaining gaps in knowledge, these effects are likely linked to human influence on climate. However,
at the regional level, responses to natural variability are difficult to separate from the effects of climate change. Some
previously unanticipated impacts of regional climate change are just starting to become apparent. For instance,
melting glaciers can threaten mountain settlements and water resources, and damage associated with coastal
flooding is increasing.
R.A. 8749 – Clean Air Act of 1999 -This moves for an effective air quality management program that will mitigate the
worsening air pollution problem in the country.

ACTIVITY 2
Instructions: Create a slogan or poster that will increase community awareness and encourage ecologically –
responsible behaviour. Use another paper for this activity.

3. ENVIRONMENTAL PRINCIPLES AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

SEVEN (7) ENVIRONMENTAL PRINCIPLES
1. Everything is connected to everything else. (Ang Lahat ng bagay ay magkakaugnay.)
2. All forms of life are essential. (Ang lahat na may buhay ay mahalaga.)
3. Everything must go somewhere. (Ang Lahat ng bagay ay may patutunguhan.)
4. Ours is a finite earth. (Ang kalikasan ay may hangganan.)
5. Nature knows best. (Ang kalikasan ang mas nakakaalam.)
6. Nature is beautiful, and we are stewards of God's creation. (Ang kalikasan ay maganda at Tayo and
tagapangasiwa ng lahat na nilikha ng Diyos.)
7. Everything changes. (Ang lahat ay nagbabago.)

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
 Meeting the needs of the present generations without compromising future generations' ability to meet their
own needs. (World Commission on Environment and Development)
 Integrating production process with resource conservation and environmental enhancement. (Food and
Agriculture Organization)
 It should also involve conservation of land, water, plant and animal genetic resources in agriculture, forestry,
and fisheries sectors. (Asian Development Bank)
 Attaining economic development while maintaining environmental quality

DELL 8
  Taking environment and development as interdependent and integrated
 Development that is more than quantitative changes

It must be seen as:

 A process focused on people and societies;
 The kind of economic development that lives off the Earth's interests without infringing on its capital;
 Associated with environment and attainment of equity;
 Promotion of sustainable lifestyles, values, and technologies;
 Promotion of economic development; and
 A process that ultimately aims for total human development.

ACTIVITY 3
Instructions: Team up with your classmates and propose environmental education program involving your fellow
youth. You can team up with your classmates for more ideas and thoughts through telecollaborative learning (ex.
Messenger, short messages service, emails, video chat, voice calls, etc.). Use the template below for your proposal.

ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION PROGRAM PROPOSAL

Project Information

1. Summary

Project Title Environmental education program “creating the

environmental leaders of the new millennium”
Project Title Duration (in months) 2 months
Budget
Location
Number of Participants
Proponents (your names)

2. Abstract (200 word limit)

3. Background

Ilagan Sanctuary is located in the _______, is the most important provincial park in……….
In our opinion, there have been two missing elements in the conservation efforts in order to achieve long term
solutions: economic development and environmental education. Without proper economical options, communities will
keep going back to poaching and gold mining no matter the consequences.

Aim and scope

DELL 9
 Specific targets

4. Methodology

5. Expected Result

6. Gantt Diagram

Month 1 Month 2
1st week 2nd week 3rd week 4th week 1st week 2nd week 3rd week 4th week
Environmental X X X X X X X X
education for 2
barangays
1000 trees planted X X X X
5 children groups X X X X X X X X
formed
Most accomplished X
children chosen
Leadership group X X X
formed
2 groups X X
exchanges

Case Study Rubric

Criteria (60-70%) (75-85%) (90-100%)
Points [12-12] [15-17] [18-20]
Conflict The student, through the The student was only able to The analysis provided demonstrates the
Identification [20] analysis presented, has recognize a single conflict from the student's recognition of the multiple
overlooked possible conflicts case given. problems presented in the case.
from the situation provided.
Points [12-12] [15-17] [18-20]
Plan of Action The plan of action given lacks The plan of action yielded some The action plan provided multiple
[20] clarity and direction. feasible plan in response to the specific, measurable, attainable, and
problem cited. realistic steps to address the conflicts
identified.
Points [3.00-3.50] [3.75-4.25] [4.50-5.00]
Deadline Document submission fell The document is submitted one The document is submitted within the
Compliance [5] beyond two weeks from the set week later than the specified date given deadline.
deadline. of submission.
Points [3.00-3.50] [3.75-4.25] [4.50-5.00]
Writing Style and The document follows a Follows format. However, some The paper reflects no errors in terms of
Format [5] different format and manifests misspelled words and some spelling and grammar and has followed
multiple incorrect spelling and grammatical errors are present in the prescribed format.
grammatical errors. the document.

DELL 10
 Poster/ Slogan Rubric
Criteria (90-100%) (80-90%) (70-80%) (60-70%)
Points [18-20] [15-17] [12-14] [12-10]
Craftmanship The slogan is beautiful in The slogan is attractive in The slogan is acceptably The slogan is
[20] terms of neatness. Well- terms of neatness. Good attractive though it may be a distractingly messy.
constructed and not messy. construction and not very bit messy.
messy.
Points [37-40] [33--36] [30-32] [29-25]
Creativity The slogan is exceptionally The slogan is creative, and The slogan is creative, and The slogan does not
[40] creative. A lot of thought and a fair amount of thought some thought was put into reflect any degree of
effort was used to make the was put into decorating it. decorating it. creativity.
banner.
Points [15-13] [10-12] [7-9] [8-5]
Originality Exceptional use of new ideas Fair use of new ideas and Average use of new ideas No use of new ideas
[15] and originality to create a originality to create a and originality to create a and originality to create
slogan. slogan. slogan. a slogan.
Points [25-23] [20-22] [17-19] [18-25}
Quality of Attractive, well researched, Some details vague or non- Details somewhat sketchy, Unable to find specific
information informative, supporting details supporting of the subject do not support the topic details
[25] specific to the subject

RUBRIC FOR ASSESSMENT OF LEARNING EXERCICES

EXEMPLARY ACCOMPLISHED DEVELOPING BEGINNING

CRITERIA WEIGHT (4) (3) (2) (1)

Coverage 25% All required Most of the required Some of the required Most of the required
information is information is covered information is information is
covered, and well-written covered but missing and poorly
informative, and uninformative written
well-written

Organization 10% Proper formatting, Proper formatting with Some formatting Multiple formatting
sections clearly labeled sections errors or missing errors or missing
labeled, well sections sections
organized,
professional style

Grammar, 25% No errors Only one or two errors More than two errors Numerous errors
usage, distract from
mechanics, understanding
spelling

DELL 11
 Quality of 40% Attractive, well Some details vague or Details somewhat Unable to find
information researched, non-supporting of the sketchy, do not specific details
informative, subject support the topic
supporting details
specific to the
subject

Summary
Environmental education had been introduced in the Philippine Educational System for many years,
but it had never been correctly and strongly addressed to ensure functional programs. It contextualizes
environmental issues within the Philippines' physical, biological, social, economic, historical, and cultural
imperatives. Likewise, it is a process of teaching, learning, and helping other people to acquire
understanding, skills, and values that make them active and informed citizens for the development and
maintenance of an ecological, sustainable, and socially just society.
Environmental education aims to mold an environmentally literate and responsible citizenry who
will ensure the protection and improvement of the environment and bring out sustainability, social equity,
and economic efficiency in the use of the country's natural resources. People from all works of life must
develop a sympathetic attitude towards the diversity and sustainability of resources on Earth for the survival
and sustainability of life. (Lee &Tiu-lee, 2006)
References
1. Mactal, J. (2019) Modular Textbook on NSTP 1-RA 9163 [25 Hour standard modules], Bulacan,
Philippines., St. Andrews Publishing House
2. Dela Cruz, S. (2019) National Development via National Service Training Program (RA 9163)
Common Modules for CWTS, LTS and ROTC., Mandaluyong City, Philippines, Books Atbp.
Publishing Corporation
3. Punzalan, M. (2018) National Service Training Program. Manila City, Philippines. Mindshapers Co.,
Inc.

DELL 12