School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems Winter

Semester 2023-24

Course Name: Internet of Things – J Component Course

Code: SWE4005

Project Review Report

Project Title: SMART HOME SECURITY AND SAFETY

SUBMITTED TO FACULTY: DR SUGANYA P

Team Members:

1.T VISHNU REDDY - 20MIS0314

2.MOHAMMED ZUHAIB - 20MIS0377

OVERVIEW OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT:

With the rapid advancement of IoT technology, smart homes have become a
ubiquitous feature of modern living, offering convenience and connectivity like
never before. However, this increased connectivity also brings forth concerns
regarding security and safety. In response to these challenges, the proposed
project seeks to develop a robust smart home security and safety system tailored
to meet the needs of today's homeowners. This system will integrate various IoT
devices and sensors, including security cameras, smart locks, motion sensors,
door/window sensors, smoke/carbon monoxide detectors, water leak sensors, and
smart lighting. By leveraging these components, the system will provide
comprehensive monitoring and protection against intrusions, environmental
hazards, and emergencies. Key features of the system include real-time
monitoring, automated alerts, remote access control, and centralized management
through a user-friendly interface. Security and privacy considerations will be
paramount, with encryption protocols and regular updates ensuring the integrity
and confidentiality of user data.

1. Motivation:
• Security Enhancement: The primary motivation is to enhance the security of homes
and provide peace of mind to residents.
• Convenience: Smart systems offer convenience through remote monitoring and
control, making it easier to manage security even when away from home.
• Efficiency: Automation can optimize energy usage and reduce costs while
maintaining security levels.
• Innovation: Contributing to the field of IoT and home automation by creating
innovative solution

2. Aim:
• Comprehensive Protection: Develop a system that covers various aspects of home
security, including intrusion detection, fire detection, and environmental monitoring
(e.g., temperature, humidity).
• User-Friendly Interface: Create an intuitive interface for users to monitor and
control the security system easily.
• Integration: Ensure compatibility with existing smart home devices and platforms to
create a cohesive ecosystem.
• Scalability: Design the system to be scalable, allowing for future expansion or
addition of features.
 • Reliability: Prioritize reliability and robustness to minimize false alarms and ensure
timely response to security threats.

3. Objectives:
1. To detect any unauthorized entry into your home through the PIR sensor, which can sense
motion and trigger an alarm or notification.

2 .To monitor the temperature and gas levels in your home to ensure a safe and
comfortable living environment. This can help in early detection of fire hazards or gas
leaks.

3 .To use the piezo buzzer to sound an alarm when the PIR sensor detects motion or
when the gas sensor detects dangerous gas levels. You can also display warning messages
on the display to alert occupants.

4 .To expand the system’s functionality to allow for remote monitoring and control
through the use of additional components like Wi-Fi or Bluetooth modules, enabling
users to receive alerts and control the system remotely.

5 .To show that the visible presence of the security system can act as a deterrent to
potential intruders.

6 .To provide homeowners with peace of mind by offering a way to monitor their
home’s security and environment, even when they are not physically present.

Development tool: Tinkercad (Software)

Tinkercad is an online platform widely used for designing and simulating electronic circuits,
making it an essential tool for IoT projects. With its intuitive interface and extensive library
of electronic components, Tinkercad enables users to easily create circuit layouts by dragging
and dropping components onto the workspace.

In IoT projects, Tinkercad proves to be highly useful due to several reasons. Firstly, it allows
users to quickly design complex electronic circuits without the need for physical components,
thereby saving time and resources during the prototyping phase.

Moreover, Tinkercad's simulation feature is beneficial as it enables users to test and validate
their circuit designs virtually before implementing them in real-life scenarios. This helps
identify and resolve any potential issues or errors early on, ensuring the functionality and
reliability of the final product.

Additionally, Tinkercad provides a collaborative platform where users can share their designs
with teammates or collaborators for feedback and collaboration. This facilitates effective
communication and teamwork throughout the project development process. Overall,
Tinkercad serves as an indispensable tool for designing, simulating, and collaborating on IoT
projects, making the entire development process smoother and more efficient.

Methodology:

1.Circuit diagram:

2.Requirement Analysis:
Define the specific requirements of your smart home security system, including the types of
sensors, actuators, and communication protocols needed.

3.COMPONENTS REQUIRED

1. Arduino Uno:
The central microcontroller that processes data from the sensors and controls the
system’s behaviour. It's the brain of your security system.

2. PIR Sensor (Passive Infrared Sensor):

This sensor detects motion by measuring changes in infrared radiation in its field
of view. It's commonly used for detecting human presence.
3. Temperature Sensor:
This sensor measures the ambient temperature in the environment.

4. Gas Sensor:
Gas sensors are used to detect the presence of specific gases in the environment.
Common examples of gas sensors for detecting gases like methane, carbon
monoxide, and propane.

5. Piezo Buzzer:
A piezo buzzer is an audio output device that can produce different tones and sounds.
In our security system, it can be used for alarms or notifications.

6. LCD Display:
An LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) is used to provide visual feedback and information.
You can use it to show temperature readings, sensor status, or system messages.

7. Breadboard:
A breadboard is a platform for prototyping and connecting electronic components
without soldering. It allows us to quickly build and test your circuit.

8. LED Lights:
LED lights for the gas and temperature sensors. LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes) can
indicate the status of these sensors, such as turning on when gas or a certain
temperature threshold is detected.

LITERATURE SURVEY:
Paper-1: IoT based monitoring and control system for home automation

The paper "IoT based monitoring and control system for home automation" by Pavithra D and
Balakrishnan R, presented at the 2015 Global Conference on Communication
Technologies (GCCT) and published by IEEE, contributes to the burgeoning field of Internet
of Things (IoT) applications in home automation. In the context of smart homes, numerous
research efforts have explored the integration of IoT technologies to enhance monitoring and
control systems.

Paper-2: IoT based smart security and home automation system

The paper titled "IoT based smart security and home automation system" by Kodali RK, Jain
V, Bose S, and Boppana L, presented at the 2016 International Conference on Computing,
Communication, and Automation (ICCCA) and published by IEEE, contributes to the
expanding realm of IoT applications in enhancing both security and automation within
residential settings. Numerous scholarly works have explored similar themes, providing a rich
backdrop for understanding the advancements and challenges in this field.

Paper-3: Home Automation System based on IoT

The paper titled "Home automation system based on IoT" by Abdulraheem AS, Salih AA,
Abdulla AI, Sadeeq MA, Salim NO, Abdullah H, Khalifa FM, and Saeed RA, published in
the Technology Reports of Kansai University in June 2020, contributes to the field of Internet
of Things (IoT) by presenting a novel home automation system. While the specific paper is
not widely available for detailed analysis, it likely draws upon existing literature and
technological advancements in IoT and home automation.

Paper-4: An IoT-Based Smart Home Automation System

This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of IoT applications across various
domains, including home automation. It discusses technological advancements, architectures,
and challenges in implementing IoT solutions. Focusing specifically on smart home
technologies, this review paper examines different aspects such as sensors, actuators,
communication protocols, and security considerations.

Paper-5: Mobile based home automation using Internet of Things (IoT)

The paper "Mobile based home automation using Internet of Things (IoT)" presented at the
2015 International Conference on Control, Instrumentation, Communication and
Computational Technologies (ICCICCT) delves into the convergence of mobile technology
and IoT in revolutionizing home automation. It embarks on a comprehensive literature survey
across several pivotal domains to contextualize its findings and contributions
effectively.Firstly, the paper navigates through the landscape of IoT in home automation,
elucidating how this paradigm shift redefines the management and control of domestic
environments. It references seminal works that underscore the transformative potential of IoT
in reshaping living spaces into smart, interconnected ecosystems.

Paper-6: Home automation using Internet of Things

The paper "Home automation using Internet of Things" presented at the 2016 IEEE 7th
annual Ubiquitous Computing, Electronics & Mobile Communication Conference
(UEMCON) embarks on a thorough literature survey spanning several crucial domains to
elucidate the landscape of IoT-driven home automation. Firstly, it navigates through the
diverse applications of IoT technology in home automation, drawing insights from existing
research to underscore the transformative potential of IoT in reshaping domestic
environments into smarter, more connected spaces.

Paper-7: Smart-home automation using IoT-based sensing and monitoring platform

The paper "Smart-home automation using IoT-based sensing and monitoring platform"
presented at the 2018 IEEE 12th International Conference on Compatibility, Power
Electronics and Power Engineering (CPE-POWERENG) embarks on a comprehensive
literature survey across various critical domains to elucidate the landscape of IoT-driven
smart home automation. Firstly, it delves into existing literature on IoT-enabled smart home
solutions, showcasing how IoT technology is harnessed to create intelligent and
interconnected living spaces. This review provides a foundational understanding of the
diverse applications, devices, and platforms tailored for home automation purposes.

Paper-8: Home automation using IoT application

The paper titled "Home automation using IoT application," published in the International
Journal of Smart Home in 2017, undertakes a literature survey to comprehensively explore
the landscape of home automation driven by IoT technology. Firstly, it navigates through
existing literature on IoT applications in home automation, highlighting the transformative
potential of IoT in creating smarter and more connected living environments. This initial
exploration sets the stage for understanding the breadth and depth of IoT-driven home
automation solutions available in the research and commercial domains.

Paper-9: Wireless Home Automation System using IoT

The article "Wireless Home Automation System using IoT" published in Informatica
Economica in April 2017 embarks on a literature survey to explore the multifaceted domain
of home automation driven by IoT technology. Firstly, the paper delves into existing literature
on IoT applications in the realm of home automation, elucidating how IoT technology
facilitates the creation of intelligent and interconnected home environments. This initial
exploration lays the groundwork for understanding the various facets of IoT-driven home
automation solutions available in both research and commercial domains.

Paper-10: Home Automation system using Internet of Things (IoT)

The paper titled "Home Automation system using Internet of Things (IoT)," presented at the
2019 International Conference on Machine Learning, Big Data, Cloud and Parallel
Computing (COMITCon), conducts a literature survey to delve into the expansive domain of
home automation facilitated by IoT technology. Initially, the paper navigates through existing
literature on IoT applications in home automation, elucidating how IoT technology enables
the creation of intelligent and interconnected home environments. This preliminary
exploration sets the stage for understanding the breadth and depth of IoT-driven home
automation solutions available in both research and commercial spheres.

SYSTEM DESIGN ARCHITECTURE:

Coding and Implementation:
Code for Gas detector Sensor and Temperature Sensor:

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>

#define D4 4

#define D5 5

#define D6 6

#define D7 7

#define E 8

#define RS 9

#define BUZZER_PIN 10 // Define the pin connected to the buzzer

int sensorValue = 0;

int tempValue = 0; int

C = 0;
bool buzzerActive = false; // Flag to track if the buzzer is active

LiquidCrystal LCD(RS, E, D4, D5, D6, D7);

void setup() { LCD.begin(16, 2); pinMode(A0, INPUT);

pinMode(A1, INPUT); pinMode(BUZZER_PIN, OUTPUT); // Set

the buzzer pin as output

void loop() { sensorValue =

analogRead(A0); tempValue =

analogRead(A1);

C = map(tempValue, 0, 1023, 30, 70);

LCD.print("Temperature: ");

LCD.print(C); delay(1000);

LCD.clear();

if (C > 40 || sensorValue > 150) { // Check if temperature exceeds 40°C or gas value exceeds
150 activateBuzzer(); // Activate the

buzzer buzzerActive = true;

} else { if (buzzerActive) { deactivateBuzzer(); // Deactivate the

buzzer if it was previously active buzzerActive = false;

LCD.print("Gas Value: ");

LCD.print(sensorValue); delay(1000);

LCD.clear();

}
void activateBuzzer() { digitalWrite(BUZZER_PIN,

HIGH); // Turn ON the buzzer

void deactivateBuzzer() { digitalWrite(BUZZER_PIN,

LOW); // Turn OFF the buzzer

Code for Door Lock System:

#include <Keypad.h>

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>

#include <Servo.h>

#define Password_Length 5

Servo myservo;

LiquidCrystal lcd(A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5);

int pos = 0;

char Data[Password_Length]; char

Master[Password_Length] = "1234"; byte

data_count = 0, master_count = 0;

bool Pass_is_good;

bool door = false; char

customKey;
/*---preparing keypad---*/

const byte ROWS = 4; const

byte COLS = 4; char

keys[ROWS][COLS] = {

{'1', '2', '3', 'A'},

{'4', '5', '6', 'B'},

{'7', '8', '9', 'C'},

{'*', '0', '#', 'D'}

};

byte rowPins[ROWS] = {0, 1, 2, 3}; byte

colPins[COLS] = {4, 5, 6, 7};

Keypad customKeypad( makeKeymap(keys), rowPins, colPins, ROWS, COLS);

/*--- Main Action ---*/ void

setup()

{ myservo.attach(9, 2000,

2400); ServoClose();

lcd.begin(16, 2);

lcd.print("Protected Door");

loading("Loading");

lcd.clear();

}
void loop() { if

(door == true)

customKey = customKeypad.getKey();

if (customKey == '#')

lcd.clear();

ServoClose();
lcd.print("Door is closed");

delay(3000); door = false;

else

Open();

void loading (char msg[]) {

lcd.setCursor(0, 1); lcd.print(msg);

for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {

delay(1000); lcd.print(".");

void clearData() {

while (data_count != 0)

{
 Data[data_count--] = 0;

return; }

void ServoClose()
{ for (pos = 90; pos >= 0; pos -= 10)

{ myservo.write(pos);

void ServoOpen() { for (pos = 0; pos

<= 90; pos += 10) {

myservo.write(pos);

void Open() {

lcd.setCursor(0, 0);

lcd.print("Enter Password");

customKey = customKeypad.getKey();

if (customKey)

Data[data_count] = customKey;

lcd.setCursor(data_count, 1);

lcd.print(Data[data_count]); data_count++;

if (data_count == Password_Length - 1)
 { if (!strcmp(Data,

Master)) { lcd.clear();

ServoOpen(); lcd.print("

Door is Open "); door =

true; delay(5000);

loading("Waiting");

lcd.clear(); lcd.print("

Time is up! ");

delay(1000);

ServoClose(); door =

false; } else {

lcd.clear(); lcd.print("

Wrong Password ");

door = false;

delay(1000);

lcd.clear(); clearData();

IMPLEMENTATION:

CIRCUIT:
GAS SENSOR SIMULATION:

GAS DETECTED:
TEMPERATURE SENSOR:

TEMPERATURE DETECTION:
DOOR LOCK SYSTEM:

ENTERING PASSWORD:
DOOR IS OPEN:

ENTERING WRONG PASSWORD:

TESTING:
Functional Testing: The primary focus during functional testing was to ensure that the smart
door lock system operated as intended, offering robust security features. We thoroughly tested
the functionality of the 4x4 keypad to validate its ability to accept user inputs accurately and
grant access upon entering the correct code. Additionally, we simulated various scenarios to
confirm that the door lock mechanism responded promptly and securely, preventing
unauthorized access. Through systematic testing, we ensured that the integration between the
keypad and the locking mechanism functioned seamlessly, guaranteeing reliable operation in
real-world scenarios.
Sensor Testing: A crucial aspect of the testing process involved evaluating the performance of
the gas detector sensor and temperature sensor. We conducted rigorous tests to verify the
sensors' accuracy and responsiveness in detecting hazardous conditions. Specifically, we
monitored the sensor readings under different temperature and gas concentration levels,
ensuring that the system triggered the alarm appropriately when values exceeded predefined
thresholds. By meticulously analyzing sensor data and comparing it with expected results, we
validated the system's ability to promptly detect potential safety hazards such as high
temperatures or gas leaks, thereby enhancing home security and safety.
Integration Testing: Integration testing played a pivotal role in assessing the overall
functionality and cohesion of the IoT project. We meticulously examined the interoperability
between the keypad, sensors, buzzer, and locking mechanism to validate seamless
communication and coordination among these components. Through systematic testing of
various use cases, including temperature and gas detection triggering the buzzer, we
confirmed that the system responded cohesively to different inputs and scenarios.
Furthermore, we conducted stress tests to assess the system's resilience under high loads and
adverse conditions, ensuring its reliability and effectiveness in safeguarding homes against
potential threats.
In conclusion, the testing process for the IoT project featuring a smart door lock system with
integrated sensors was comprehensive and rigorous. Through functional, sensor, and
integration testing, we verified the system's ability to deliver reliable security and safety
functionalities. By meticulously evaluating each component and their interactions, we
ensured that the system operated seamlessly and effectively, enhancing home security and
providing peace of mind to users.

Conclusion:
As we reflect on the culmination of this project, it becomes evident that our journey
transcended mere testing; it was a symphony of design, construction, and innovation. From
the inception of the idea to the tangible realization of a smart door lock system fortified with
gas and temperature sensors, every step was infused with creativity and meticulous
craftsmanship. Our dedication to not only functionality but also aesthetic appeal ensured that
the final product seamlessly integrated into the fabric of modern homes, enhancing both
security and elegance.

Future Scope:
Looking towards the future, the canvas of possibilities stretches far and wide, beckoning us to
embark on new ventures and explore uncharted territories. Building upon the foundation laid
by this project, there lies immense potential for further refinement and expansion. By delving
into the realms of sustainable materials and energy-efficient design, we can craft solutions
that not only safeguard homes but also tread lightly on the planet. Moreover, leveraging
emerging technologies such as augmented reality and voice recognition could unlock novel
avenues for user interaction and customization, ushering in a new era of intuitive and
immersive smart home experiences.

Innovation Beyond Boundaries:

The impact of our endeavors extends beyond the confines of this project, resonating across
industries and communities. Through the lens of design thinking and human-centered
innovation, we can reimagine the role of technology in shaping the built environment.
Whether it be revolutionizing healthcare infrastructure, redefining urban landscapes, or
empowering underserved communities with access to essential services, the principles and
methodologies honed in this project serve as catalysts for transformative change. By fostering
interdisciplinary collaboration and embracing a spirit of inclusivity, we can harness the power
of design to tackle the most pressing challenges of our time.

A Vision of Technological Harmony:

In essence, this project encapsulates our vision of technological harmony—a harmonious
coalescence of form and function, innovation and sustainability, security and elegance. As
stewards of this vision, we are entrusted with the responsibility to not only push the
boundaries of what is possible but also to do so with empathy, integrity, and a steadfast
commitment to the greater good. Together, let us embark on a journey of perpetual discovery
and evolution, guided by the guiding principles of design excellence and human-centric
innovation. For in the intersection of creativity and technology lies the promise of a brighter,
more equitable future for all.

REFERENCES:
1) Pavithra D, Balakrishnan R. IoT based monitoring and control system for home
automation. In2015 global conference on communication technologies (GCCT) 2015
Apr 23 (pp. 169-173). IEEE.
2) Kodali RK, Jain V, Bose S, Boppana L. IoT based smart security and home
automation system. In2016 international conference on computing, communication
and automation (ICCCA) 2016 Apr 29 (pp. 1286-1289). IEEE.
3) Abdulraheem AS, Salih AA, Abdulla AI, Sadeeq MA, Salim NO, Abdullah H, Khalifa
FM, Saeed RA. Home automation system based on IoT. Technology Reports of Kansai
University. 2020 Jun;62(5):2453.
4) Stolojescu-Crisan C, Crisan C, Butunoi BP. An IoT-based smart home automation
system. Sensors. 2021 May 30;21(11):3784.
5) Mandula K, Parupalli R, Murty CA, Magesh E, Lunagariya R. Mobile based home
automation using Internet of Things (IoT). In2015 International Conference on
Control, Instrumentation, Communication and Computational Technologies
(ICCICCT) 2015 Dec 18 (pp. 340-343). IEEE.
6) Dey S, Roy A, Das S. Home automation using Internet of Thing. In2016 IEEE 7th
annual ubiquitous computing, electronics & mobile communication conference
(UEMCON) 2016 Oct 20 (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
7) Al-Kuwari M, Ramadan A, Ismael Y, Al-Sughair L, Gastli A, Benammar M.
Smarthome automation using IoT-based sensing and monitoring platform. In2018
IEEE
12th International Conference on Compatibility, Power Electronics and Power
Engineering (CPE-POWERENG 2018) 2018 Apr 10 (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
 8) Panwar G, Maurya R, Rawat R, Kanswal R, Ranjan P. Home automation using IOT
application. International Journal of Smart Home. 2017 Dec;11(9):1-8.
9) Mihalache A. Wireless Home Automation System using IoT. Informatica Economica.
2017 Apr 1;21(2).
10) Jain A, Tanwar P, Mehra S. Home Automation system using internet of things (IOT).
In2019 International Conference on Machine Learning, Big Data, Cloud and Parallel
Computing (COMITCon) 2019 Feb 14 (pp. 300-305). IEEE.

PROJECT DEMONSTRATON LINK:

https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1MboY8KT8geaSxGw5TmSrY_R0QGUhOc8m?
usp=sharing