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Chapter 10 - If Statements

The if statement in JavaScript executes a block of code only if a specified condition is true. It is important to use strict equality (===) to avoid unintended type conversions, and curly brackets can be omitted for single statements, though this is not recommended for readability. Additionally, methods like .toLowerCase() can be used for case-insensitive comparisons, and the OR operator (||) allows for multiple valid conditions.

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Manahil Aleem
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4 views3 pages

Chapter 10 - If Statements

The if statement in JavaScript executes a block of code only if a specified condition is true. It is important to use strict equality (===) to avoid unintended type conversions, and curly brackets can be omitted for single statements, though this is not recommended for readability. Additionally, methods like .toLowerCase() can be used for case-insensitive comparisons, and the OR operator (||) allows for multiple valid conditions.

Uploaded by

Manahil Aleem
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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📌 Understanding the if Statement in JavaScript

The if statement allows JavaScript to execute a block of code only if a condition is


true.

🔹 Basic Example
var x = prompt("Where does the Pope live?");
if (x === "Vatican") {
alert("Correct!");
}

✔️ The prompt() asks the user a question and stores the response in x.
✔️ The if statement checks if x is exactly equal (===) to "Vatican".
✔️ If the condition is true, the alert "Correct!" is displayed.
✔️ If the user enters anything else, nothing happens.

🔹 Understanding === vs ==
 === (Strict Equality) → Checks both value and data type.
 == (Loose Equality) → Converts data types if needed before comparison.

🚨 Example: == vs ===
console.log(5 == "5"); // ✅ true (Loose equality converts "5" to number)
console.log(5 === "5"); // ❌ false (Strict equality checks type too)

✔️ Using === prevents unintended type conversion bugs.

🔹 Using Variables in if Statements


var correctAnswer = "Vatican";
if (x === correctAnswer) {
alert("Correct!");
}

✔️ This makes the code easier to update and maintain.


🔹 Multiple Actions When Condition is True

You can execute multiple statements inside the if block:

var correctAnswer = "Vatican";


if (x === correctAnswer) {
score++; // Increase score
userIQ = "genius"; // Set IQ level
alert("Correct!");
}

✔️ All statements inside the {} execute if the condition is met.

🔹 if Without {} for One-Liners

If there is only one statement, curly brackets {} can be omitted:

if (x === "Vatican") alert("Correct!");

✔️ Legal but not recommended for readability.

🔹 Handling Case Sensitivity

If the user types "vatican" instead of "Vatican", the check fails.


To make it case-insensitive:

if (x.toLowerCase() === "vatican") {


alert("Correct!");
}

✔️ .toLowerCase() converts user input to lowercase before checking.

🔹 Handling Multiple Correct Answers


if (x === "Vatican" || x === "The Vatican") {
alert("Correct!");
}

✔️ || (OR operator) allows multiple valid responses.


💡 Quick Summary

✔️ if executes code only if the condition is true.


✔️ Use === instead of == for strict comparison.
✔️ Curly brackets {} can be omitted for one-liners (not recommended).
✔️ Use .toLowerCase() for case-insensitive comparisons.
✔️ Use || to allow multiple correct answers.

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