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Programming_Intro_Summary

The document provides an overview of basic programming concepts, including definitions of programs, programming languages, and the roles of programmers. It outlines the program development life cycle, programming paradigms, qualities of a good program, coding practices, variables and data types, error types, testing stages, control structures, and operators. Additionally, it lists common programs such as calculators and grading systems.

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bonnyevans109
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5 views

Programming_Intro_Summary

The document provides an overview of basic programming concepts, including definitions of programs, programming languages, and the roles of programmers. It outlines the program development life cycle, programming paradigms, qualities of a good program, coding practices, variables and data types, error types, testing stages, control structures, and operators. Additionally, it lists common programs such as calculators and grading systems.

Uploaded by

bonnyevans109
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Programming - Summary

Basic Programming Concepts

- Program: Set of instructions for a computer

- Programming Language: C, Java, Python, etc.

- Software: Fully developed and tested program

- Programmer: Writes the code

- Computer vs. Human: Computers require clear, precise instructions

Programming Languages

- Examples: C, C++, Java, JavaScript, PHP

- Features: Syntax (grammar), Semantics (meaning), Vocabulary (keywords)

Program Development Life Cycle

1. Requirements specification

2. Design (Algorithm creation)

3. Coding

4. Testing and Debugging

5. Documentation

6. Implementation

7. Maintenance

Programming Paradigms

- Procedural: Step-by-step (C, Pascal)

- Object-Oriented: Combines data and procedures into objects

Qualities of a Good Program

- Accuracy, Reliability, Robustness

- Usability, Readability, Simplicity

- Efficiency, Generality
Introduction to Programming - Summary

Coding Practices

- Use comments, meaningful names, indentation

- Modularize using functions

Variables and Data Types

- Variables store data temporarily

- Types: int, float, char

- Naming: No spaces, start with letter or _, no keywords

Error Types

- Syntax: Rule violations

- Semantic: Invalid operations

- Logical: Wrong results

- Linking: Missing dependencies

Testing Stages

1. Desk Checking

2. Translator Checks

3. Test Data

4. Diagnostic Procedures

5. System Tests

Control Structures

- Sequence: Straight-line code

- Selection: if/else decisions

- Loops: for, while, do-while

Operators
Introduction to Programming - Summary

- Arithmetic: +, -, *, /, %

- Relational: >, <, ==, !=

- Logical: &&, ||, !

- Assignment: =, +=, -=

Common Programs Included

- Salary and loan calculators

- Grading systems

- Billing applications

- Quadratic equation solvers

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