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Decomposition and Abstraction

The document discusses computational thinking, emphasizing decomposition and abstraction as key processes in problem-solving for computer-related tasks. Decomposition involves breaking down complex problems into smaller, manageable parts, while abstraction focuses on filtering out unnecessary details to highlight important aspects. Examples include creating an app, solving a crime, and simulating a game, illustrating how these concepts apply in various scenarios.

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7 views23 pages

Decomposition and Abstraction

The document discusses computational thinking, emphasizing decomposition and abstraction as key processes in problem-solving for computer-related tasks. Decomposition involves breaking down complex problems into smaller, manageable parts, while abstraction focuses on filtering out unnecessary details to highlight important aspects. Examples include creating an app, solving a crime, and simulating a game, illustrating how these concepts apply in various scenarios.

Uploaded by

allenisemo4281
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Decomposition and Abstraction

Computational Thinking

• The thought processes


involved in formulating
problems and their
solutions so that can be
effectively carried out
by a computer.
• Computational thinking
enables you to work
out exactly what to tell
the computer to do.
Decomposition

• Breaking a problem
down into smaller, more Solving a noughts and crosses Game ( tic-tac-toe)
manageable parts, which
are then easier to solve.
• sub-problems can be
worked on by different
teams at the same time.
Make a Breakfast
Solving a crime

• what crime was committed


• when the crime was committed
• where the crime was committed
• what evidence there is
• if there were any witnesses
• if there have recently been any similar
crimes
How would you decompose the task of creating an app?

• what kind of app you want to create


• what your app will look like
• who the target audience for your app is
• what your graphics will look like
• what audio you will include
• what software you will use to build your app
• how the user will navigate your app
• how you will test your app
• where you will sell your app
You have been asked to write a program that will calculate how much an
hourly paid employee will earn per week. Make a list that decomposes the
problem.
Abstraction
I was walking down the street when I
saw a cat

• the process of removing or


hiding unnecessary detail so
that only the important points
remain.
• filtering out – essentially,
ignoring - the characteristics
that we don't need
Draw a cat

• know that it has a tail, fur,


legs and eyes
• don't need to know what
sound a cat makes or that
it likes fish.
• the idea of how to draw a
cat, is called model
Baking a cake
• a cake needs ingredients
• each ingredient needs a specified quantity
• a cake needs timings
London Underground map. Explain why the map is an abstraction of the
London Underground.
• distance of journey; cost of fuel; fuel usage of vehicle; distance / fuel
usage.
Level of Abstraction

• There are different levels or types of abstraction.


• The higher the level of abstraction, the less detail is required.
noughts and crosses Game ( tic-tac-toe)
Subprograms

select_category
display_Q&A
check_response
update_score
mark_asked_questions
establish_winner
Algorithm to simulate spinning the wheel to select a colour

Select a random number between 0 and 3.


If the number is 0 then display a red square on the screen.
If the number is 1 then display a blue square on the screen.
If the number is 2 then display a green square on the screen.
Otherwise display a yellow square on the screen.

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