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Intel 80186

A detail research on how Intel 80186 processor was developed

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Emediong Useh
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43 views2 pages

Intel 80186

A detail research on how Intel 80186 processor was developed

Uploaded by

Emediong Useh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTEL 80186

INTRODUCTION
The Intel 80186, is a microprocessor and microcontroller introduced in 1982. It is also known as the iAPX
186, or just 186. The 80186 series was designed to reduce the number of integrated circuits required. It
included features such as clock generator, interrupt controller, timers, wait state generator, DMA
channels, and external chip select lines. It was used in numerous embedded systems, as
microcontrollers with external memory. The common manufacturers of the 80186 series were Intel,
AMD, Fujitsu, Siemens, Harris and Intersil. The Intel 80186 was discontinued in 2007. The maximum CPU
clock rate of 80186 was 6MHz to 25MHz. Intel 80186 has a data width of 16 bits and address width of
200 bits. The Intel 80186 variants was the Intel 80188. It was predeceded by Intel 8088.

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF INTEL 80186


The Intel 80186 microprocessor was based on the Intel 8086 CPU. It also exists in an 80188 variant (with
8-bit data bus, like the intel 8088). The 8086 is a 16-bit microprocessor chop designed by Intel between
early 1976 and June 8, 1978. In the Intel 80186, the common register+immediate addressing mode was
significantly faster than in the 8086, especially when a memory location was both (one of) the operand
(s) and the destination.

The Intel 80186 came with improved features such as clock generator, interrupt controller, timers, wait
state generator, DMA channels, and external chip select lines.

Introduction of the 80188 Variant : In similarity to the 8088, an 80188 variant with an 8-bit data bus was
introduced. The 80186 offered faster instruction execution times than the 8086.

The 80186 included a few more instructions than the 8086.

Due to the on-board hardware of the 80186, it was best suited for embedded systems applications
rather than general -purpose PCs.

The Tandy 200PC from 1983 used the 80186 CPU.

The 80186 was not as compatible with the 8086/8088 CPU set-up found in IBM PCs, which favored the
80286.

The 80186 has 20-bit address lines, allowing it to access 1MB of memory.

16-bit External Data Bus: The 80186, like the 8086, had a 16-bit external data bus multiplexed with a 20-
bit address bus.
STRUCTURE OF INTEL 80186
* CPU CORE :

The 80186 CPU offers 16-bit general -purpose registers ( AX, BX, CX, DX ) and object code compatibility
with the 8086/88.

* INTEGRATED COMPONENTS:

The 80186 integrates several system components onto a single chip, including:

Clock generator, interrupt controller, timers, wait state generator, DMA channels, external chip select
lines.

* MEMORY ADDRESSING :

The 80186 uses a 20-bit address bus, allowing it to access 1MB of memory.

* INSTRUCTION SET :

It's object code compatible with the 8086/88 and adds 10 new instruction types to the 8086/8088
instruction set.

* REGISTERS :

The 80186 features a set of 16-bit general -purpose registers which can be used as operands in most
arithmetic operations in either 8 or 16 bit units.

* PINOUT :

The 80186 has a 68-pin package with various signals for data, address, control, and input/output.

* DMA :

The 80186 has 4 DMA channels, 2 interrupt controllers, 22 input/output which control two serial
channels, and 4 timers.

* FABRICATION :

The Intel 80186 family is fabricated using HMOS technology.

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