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Mensuration

The document provides formulas for calculating areas and volumes of various 2D and 3D geometric figures, including triangles, cuboids, cubes, cones, and spheres. It details specific equations for surface areas and volumes, as well as methods for determining dimensions such as diagonals and slant heights. Additionally, it includes important points and applications related to mensuration.

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srishanth232007
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53 views7 pages

Mensuration

The document provides formulas for calculating areas and volumes of various 2D and 3D geometric figures, including triangles, cuboids, cubes, cones, and spheres. It details specific equations for surface areas and volumes, as well as methods for determining dimensions such as diagonals and slant heights. Additionally, it includes important points and applications related to mensuration.

Uploaded by

srishanth232007
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Mensuration - Formulas of Different 3D & 2D Figures

Formulae of Areas of Different Triangles √

√
 Scalene triangle: →

 Right angled triangle: →


Side of the maximum size square inscribed in a
right angle ∆ =

Area = × base × height


Area = √ ( )( )( )
Where S =
Area = × a × c sin B

Formulae of Surface Area & Volume of


Different 3D Figures
1. Cuboid→
 Isosceles triangle: →

Height (h) = √
Area = × base × height
Area = √

 Equilateral triangle: →

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 Volume of cuboid = l × b × h  Total surface area = 6a2
 Lateral surface Area = Perimeter of Base ×  Diagonal of the cube = √
Height Base = 2(l + b) × h  Face diagonal of the cube = √
 Total surface area = Lateral surface Area + 2
× Area of base = 2 (lh + bh + lb)  Volume of cube = (√ )
 Diagonal = √
 In Radius of cube =
 V=√
√
A₁ ⟹ Area of base or top = lb  Circumradius of cube = a
A₂ ⟹ Area of one side face = bh
A₃ ⟹ Area of another side face = hl 3. Right circular cone→
 To find the total surface area of a cuboid if
the sum of all three sides and diagonals are
given.
Total surface area = (sum of all three side)2 –
(Diagonal)2
 For painting the surface area of a box or to
 Slant height, l = √
know how much tin sheet is required, we
will use, Total surface area.  Volume = =
 To find the length of the longest pole to be  Curved surface area = (Perimeter of base) ×
placed is a room, we will calculate diagonal slant height
i.e. √ = √
 Total surface area = C.S.A + Area of base
= ( )
 If cone is formed by sector of a circle, then.
(a) Slant height = radius of circle
(b) circumference of base of cone = length of arc
of sector
 Radius of maximum size sphere in a cone
→
[ → ]
→
 If cone is cut parallel to its base and ratio of
heights, radius or slant height of both parts is
given as → .
Then Ratio of their volume =
2. Cube→
4. Frustum of a right Circular cone →

 Volume = (side)3 = a3
 Lateral surface area = 4a2  Slant height
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AC = l, AB = h, BC = R – r
Applying Pythagorean theorem in ABC
L=√ ( )
 volume of frustrum = ( )  Volume = ( )
 Curved surface area = ( )  Curved surface area =
 Total surface area, T.S.A = ( ) 1
( )  (perimeter of base)  slant height
2
 Total surface area = curved surface area +
area of the base
 Whenever in a question, If we want to find
Slant height or height, then we will use
inradius of the base not the Radius or side of
the base.

7. Hollow Cylinder →

5. Prism →
 A prism is a solid object with:
(a) Identical Ends  Volume = ( )
(b) Flat faces  Curved Surface Area = 2 (R+r)h
 Total surface area = 2 (R+r)h + 2 ( )

8. Tetrahedron→

 Volume of Prism = Area of base × height


 Lateral surface area of prism = perimeter of
base × height
 Total surface area of = Perimeter of base ×
height + 2 × area of base  Height = √
√
6. Pyramids→  Volume =

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√
 Lateral surface area =
 Total surface area = √
√
 Slaut height = a
 Slaut Edge = a

9. Swimming Pool:
 Volume of swimming Pool = [Sum of depth
of both sides] × length × Breadth

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MENSURATION IMPORTANT POINTS AND FORMUALE

1. Cuboid

 Volume of cuboid = l × b × h
 Lateral surface Area = Perimeter of Base × Height Base = 2(l + b) × h
 Total surface area = Lateral surface Area + 2 × Area of base = 2 (lh + bh + lb)
 Diagonal = √
 V=√
A₁ ⟹ Area of base or top = lb
A₂ ⟹ Area of one side face = bh
A₃ ⟹ Area of another side face = hl
 To find the total surface area of a cuboid if the sum of all three sides and diagonals are given.
Total surface area = (sum of all three side)2 – (Diagonal)2
 For painting the surface area of a box or to know how much tin sheet is required, we will use,
Total surface area.
 To find the length of the longest pole to be placed is a room, we will calculate diagonal i.e.
√

2. Cube

 Volume = (side)3 = a3
 Lateral surface area = 4a2
 Total surface area = 6a2
 Diagonal of the cube = √
 Face diagonal of the cube = √

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1
 Volume of cube = (√ )

 In Radius of cube =
√
 Circumradius of cube = a

3. Right circular cylinder:

 Volume = Area of base × height = πr²h


 Lateral/curved surface Area = Perimeter of base × height = 2πrh.
 Total surface area = C.S.A + 2 × Area of one circular end = 2πr(h + r)

4. Right circular cone

 Slant height, l = √
 Volume = =
 Curved surface area = Perimeter of base) × slant height
= √
 Total surface area = C.S.A + Area of base
=
 If cone is formed by sector of a circle then.
(a) Slant height = radius of circle
(b) circumference of base of cone = length of arc of sector
 Radius of maximum size sphere in a cone

[ ]

 If cone is cut parallel to its base and ratio of heights, radius or slant height of both parts is given as
.
Then Ratio of there volume =

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5. Sphere

 Volume of sphere =
 Surface area of sphere = .
 If a sphere is cut into n parts, then T.S.A of n parts
=
 For a spherical shell if R and r are outer and inner radii, Respectively, Then volume of a shell is =
( – )

6. Hemisphere

 Volume of hemisphere =
 Curved surface area =
 Total surface Area =

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