Machine Learning
Lecture 1: Introduction to Machine Learning (ML)
COURSE CODE: CSE 451
2023
Course Teacher
Dr. Mrinal Kanti Baowaly
Associate Professor
Department of Computer Science and
Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh
Mujibur Rahman Science and
Technology University, Bangladesh.
Email: [email protected]
Can You Classify?
Can You Guess House Price?
Area (Sqf) Price ($k)
2420 3300
4305 6680
5750 8800
7420 11410
7500 10215
7500 10850
8100 9870
8580 10150
8960 12250 Area (Sqf) Price ($k)
9960 13250 6550 ?
What is Machine Learning (ML)
• Machine learning is about extracting knowledge from data
• Machine Learning is the field of study that enables a system to learn
from experience without being explicitly programmed (Arthur Samuel,
1959).
What is AI? AI vs ML
AI vs ML [Link]
Relationship between AI, ML, Neural
Networks and DL
Machine Learning (ML) - A Formal
Definition
A computer program is said to learn from experience E with
respect to some task T and some performance measure P, if
its performance on T, as measured by P, improves with
experience E (Tom Mitchell, 1997)
• Example: Given some examples of spam emails and some examples of
regular emails which are called the training set. You need to do spam
filtering for new emails based on the training set.
• In this case, the task T is to flag spam for new emails, the experience E
is the training data, and the performance measure P needs to be
defined; for example, you can use accuracy and it is often used in
classification tasks.
Traditional/ Rule-based Programming
• A programmer code all the rules
in consultation with an expert in
the industry to solve the
problem.
• When the system grows, more
rules need to be written.
• Your program will likely become a
long list of complex rules—pretty
hard to maintain
Machine Learning Approach
• A programmer choose a ML
algorithm and train a model from
data to solve the problem.
• The system learns how input and
output data are correlated and
automatically finds patterns or
relationships in the data.
• The system adapts in response to
new data and experiences to
improve efficacy over time.
• The program is much shorter, easier
to maintain, and most likely more
accurate.
Why and when to use Machine Learning
• Problems for which existing solutions require a lot of hand-tuning or
long lists of rules: a Machine Learning algorithm can often simplify
code and perform better.
• Complex problems for which there is no good solution at all using a
traditional approach: the best Machine Learning techniques can find a
solution.
• Fluctuating environments: a Machine Learning system can adapt to
new data.
• Getting insights about complex problems and large amounts of data.
The Goal of Machine Learning
All models are wrong, but some are useful (by George E. P.
Box, a British statistician)
• The goal of ML is never to make “perfect” guesses.
• The goal of ML is to make guesses that are good enough to be useful.
History of Machine Learning
• The idea of Machine
Learning is not new.
• Machine Learning ideas and
research have been around
for decades.
• But recently there has been
a lot of action and buzz of
Machine Learning.
Why is Machine Learning getting so
much attention recently?
• The amount of data generation is increasing significantly with a
reduction in the cost of sensors (Force 1)
• The cost of storing this data has reduced significantly (Force 2).
• The cost of computing has come down significantly (Force 3).
• Cloud has democratized compute for the masses (Force 4).
Source: [AnalyticsVidhya]
Some Trending Real-world Applications
of Machine Learning
Source: javaTpoint [Link]
Workflow/Steps of Machine Learning
Source: Manas [Link], Medium[Link]
Comprehensive Learning Path of
ML/Data Science in Python
Step 1: Setting up your machine (install Anaconda)
Step 2: Learn Python language
Step 3: Learn Regular Expressions in Python
Step 4: Learn Scientific libraries in Python – NumPy, SciPy, Matplotlib and
Pandas
Step 5: Effective Data Visualization
Step 6: Learn Scikit-learn and Machine Learning
Step 7: Practice, practice and Practice
Source: AnalyticsVidhya [Link]
Guide to Machine Learning in Python
Step 1: Complete Python course by one week
Introduction to Python by AnalyticsVidhya [Link]
Step 2: Complete another Python course for your hands on practice
Introduction to Python by Datacamp [Link]
Step 3: Complete a basic Machine Learning course
Machine Learning for Everyone by Datacamp [Link]
Step 4: Complete another Machine Learning course
Machine Learning Certification Course for Beginners by AnalyticsVidhya
[Link]
Step 5: Keep working on ML and learning
Some Learning Materials in Bangla
1. বাাংলায় পাইথন প্রাগ্রাম াং বই: সুবীন [Link], াটিন[Link], Nuhil Mehdy [Link]
2. শূনয প্থকে পাইথন প্ মশন লামননাং [Link], হাকে েলক প্ মশন লামননাং [Link]
by রমেবুল হাসান
3. বাাংলায় প্ মশন লামননাং [Link] by ানস কু ার ণ্ডল
4. Python Bangla Tutorial & Data Science Full Course [Link] by STUDY
MART at Youtube
5. Youtube, Coursera, Google
Reference Books for ML Course
1. Hands-On Machine Learning with Scikit-Learn, Keras, and TensorFlow:
Concepts, Tools, and Techniques to Build Intelligent Systems by
Aurélien Géron, O’Reilly (2nd Edition)
2. Introduction to Machine Learning with Python: A Guide for Data
Scientists by Andreas C. Müller, Sarah Guido
3. Introduction to Data Mining by Pang-Ning Tan , Michael Steinbach,
Vipin Kumar (2nd Edition)
4. The Hundred-Page Machine Learning Book by Andriy Burkov
End of
Lecture-1
