PUR e eh 0888 Hondness of Waker = Cg Sat) 2 ate 2 Gee, Thodece is Guse. duc. milkivalee Gifons 5 presen in_ the cOodere. tynd® nee eam pinon Gtions — pauiipsniuaipatloest! Hooodlness Gur be- classificol. nko. ‘) (pssbomater Homclness OP Bil Temporegey Hrodness The howdne» Guse due fo— ~ VGerborede enol Boacenrkesnemof ~Geleirn() Fe ee be Femore by Simple hobs — “x ies Sus cx Gio. Gleam Guoborake de lsat Ho xf Gio), E+ (he S Malos is Panty Sofylal: ine Daler, ib G@rbe BE ng ebm en I wn: Meg Sinn Gorbo rate Cg) Oe og} Gr — Gaby 4 is fey tis laa) rae of be Hoguesinn a Gurborode- © 9 Gi, + ot “a loncey, 4 ont C(HO05 Dt GOH, —+> QGlos ¢ TO 1 (Hees), EO — RG (03+ My Cote)b RRO Non Gorborate Hodes om Permanent Hoackness’ ITs howdness are Guse clue to Sulphomr, ehecniels> Chlonrdes 4 Witnakes of mulbivelent- Gitions. ae homeless Gu’k be Reroret Simple, boilsge Thay Reval, Sone “a “hlape He \emnova/ NOTE] The No. Geobomate Heorclness Gu be Kemoveot, oe ) i) ® Ghiow ¢ Process ebieliszdos os) i) Oi smivamnal zeal proccess: (© Herel )) Sopa of ede — Ofrt hoher., One pre of fea in Hence Br cmentey Gusenp. —tion of wiSiyan B Salphat (Xho » Aotbaadees de de eps (> 9h) Cte nsalie. Get (lee matin) ee RP rPIP PPP PRP RPP PPPPP Pe eee aa e eee?NUNS AE SEDER UU Use er eee ede i) Haebness coil Guse Guensdin ino piPe Glepo sition) SOTA Test ah Ths Test is useah to Deloomne dhe Grcesboabion of Heordles *Teteak = so,0geteenb 0a: fo» Every one aml of titrant Useck. .cge- get dow: Heosdness as ~Calog. Seciedom — EBT Gost e8) Glloun choose in the titration, Cine Red % Blue. Prete]: Gt me per + oS £6T ag gt Gone Re) — “Sey a@ esr es S ]eora 3 or ol Que) * 0 \ 26m 1 prery: + Bribich clegnee of Herdness = 1425 ppm. FBotok Howelness «i (He Galoy |? of Te] eelen fins] y [ot] i sy see “em ih | fergie Gey ye The Concenbaeion. of uereloess prockacing Gtions = be estimated ging —? ctrl Nets ny| | Guetta Allkedlinty Premk | Gase-2 Me Akcodinits- Absent | ort f 1 OSES THe CH + A | Ties CH RICH | The cH (ee Alkabinitp meme] | [Bala ST — ) | Grclagion Downer “6. Canbo not Hardiness C HY) is OW am of Tote. Hemrdness (7H) on Mikobinity? + Non-Coanbonak- Hardness (ack) 12 dha Hardness ro—He hawdness im exCOSS of Mkabily e PVP PPPRPPRRPP RPP RN RY> VVUUN UU. ® A coatkm Gutans dhe fottesng- Wssohrepl ions. [ave] = Be IY, [a] - 40 7F_ Py']> GA mt] 37h [Hox] = 190 "H, [ou] = 66H pue?. D Total Hamchness of the Sample tn ng 0» Clos, H) NCH tw ng os G3. ° — Tee] 378 4 TOK + a5 x6 = RAN GCF raf. Aelia [ er =) > Io. 434 AY/, CHe amin {eaves 55.296 ye) 2 156,734 MOL woven (TA= Alkalinity) » (ganger- 156 74) 2 B5933 mfoThe Wewin the coder Can be Remove bge ’) Lime Sect, oth jpwocess ‘) Zo lite process o Gtion oxchage i) Di-rinenoli Zadion. prrcce ss, + The oelvantostey of Caden spn ) Reduction in Sops Grswption. 8) Pepoovement- inte test of pol prepaltation, 8) Lowenig dhe mainkexe: of planbirgy [Pott charge, Brae] rhe Public coules Sipplp: Me flomdleass Seu die Cooder’ Guhe dhe Rey of Z + Hevvdmess less than. ae Considered 085 calen ke A G Cnsidavedpreore Heuedlscoctken a Berg: < Hooelness. of) cocdeer- in public. coctlere Spl is, mot hequerecl. Soma cinco dissolieel. Salts COM Grdnibute fo dhe Wesson oninaoal Aernencet fon the geuodh. oN » Weden cote wittrrdness owe mone prone to fede _poo."ssoini nTime Soclasil. process * oe iri the Gubonule Harclress Gerla wc medic the MOU. Grrbonate Hovaliress PPIIPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPRPPRPRPRPPRRRR®© SCVEEE, hanger ele = Www ~— Tre Hind at Othen Balen eon d ‘iow,’ Vidreqcle. medial product Lip tone Witnifeok or oradation thes, erobic (espe: supa ) us Soe se coasle, “SPI SAAA RARE LCCCCUCURCUUCCCC CEE N Aagenob'c (Ere predtrt): a ee lve erie pF sol=> = —~ —~ i: - @ Witeogen Goakne | Protein ip w Sounce of Webaagen. iu_ the Ooaste Weden, Yoro'!onS [roms of Witrogen. ix COaste cOalere 2276, ae. 1m PPX drogen — Erdiotes pecen- potlahion. (Ast Sige dein PS" ib » poi . © Aourerroich ov Orgawe witwogen TS. 0.90 pp it webedes the whdogen. Grek Gust be fore he, shot¥ is 7 , = tn Seo 1] of de tmposition. (Bont of nitnog presale S% @ WNibrites (MOD) — Partly de lonposied Organic. matter Nitonkes — fle de tmposser , Ongaric yne ther. @ eee mmposset UNF FRoR]> O free vimmonia + Orgawi. Anmornice Wibmogen vo Kye a» Kjekdank HHnogen. © the presence of Witraks wh Guse Blee Bult dleaser ov Methamo glob ramen O free ammonia on ammow'| @ free Witrogen Gu be detemnedl up 8imple boi Li @ Onganie WNitmogen Gubs measure > odolingr pote sium Pewmagnel- (em nox) 40 clveachp boil, Sample of He Seuge, Nikoites art Wihoukes Gu be measwacch by Colours “makclingy be be chores + . phenol dr Subphowse. oie up velo fassivim ly dwar! bist=1 metho ack a Nee wa e ie earn Neablitlowiue ar eee arz 6 Amonta iv fhe from of Dmonion - Hy cheoacicle ; ow Die Ammonia Salts Ronse of free anmonie: 0.1% mH /+ Organic. ammower ° 0.3 mg) Nitrite % ° avitmafe 6 46 ng-/- excess: Ble Baby decess. -peerererrrree’ |.© cMende do= Com Revel iy — ome? “The chlorid i 5 le Content in cooler 5 because of Nacl; 4 we to Mg arc. Gch + ou “The chloride Gorden nc excess of a oa teal te the cote, PREPS ore Ttoanks Ee ayy (ihe Witnobe SudiGdon ; Pon ssium cchevonake « (le Cn 04) ae Glu . (kite. to Relish, noon ppt ¢ (e, aa704) , Excepfuble . Becess of Hlomickes — cepialle - R00 x Simi “ar Qrocolisd worker. Guse of rmeyecton_ ae “g/- a Piete]: Hg, Coit di-phivle GinbeRine 04 futiaden «3 alyo use fo Estinale dlonide Grint in. (eden. | ee 1 ees“THEE _ Remodatiotnenltet beats ‘= TF the concantration of the tu exconls Bamansw eo ing methods “ excess chilovides cam be removed by the fellow WH) Rewerseisosmosis + cml permeate. ed member Salty < Osmosis Reverse osmosis CD Btechedialsts: Deeg ie 160 hnton —r Ne fon. & = = - - nl ce a ~ = = = ~ t Ui Distillation By tals methed let qquneratly used nthe preporaton of ed water can be obtained which is chemical reagents. <> t aaagluy 1s essential 40 prevent dental cavities. Vpte ving the matin of peonanane Hell becomes sith oot enamel + form harder and shonger teeth that is move westokance to clecay.a wa D+ Fluoride conlent greater than result in ~ of teeth, called i " Cecenerally een i” case of, : inforts). Also called flucrasis- = Fluerde content eater tron sigh resule dio forr ation of bones also called : wt “a OWSy "ry 1 he. . Pivorine exceeds be used for ibs removal - + TE the concentration of following methods can cD FraohauliaTecniane gnaw na “pauxit)).io used (id Nal Caluen is ueed) Alum if. mixed With bleachia ouder can ack a2 & effective Aieinfectort . Tie method is cheaper than Praehonti “Technique (lid Ton=exchangenprecee™ @w If the hen the following compoun (© NaF Covdium Fluevide) . (© Na, Sify (Sodium — silicofluoride). CO HaBiFe (Hydeailicic acid). jo less than Sraglt Piuorde concentratios ds can be added . e ee eee eh er eee er ene a a th) Metals ~The metals can be classified ino toxic ancl non-toxic 2 o Toxic mele > ‘ 2 she Corssnis), BaCbaviuin) » Ce Cchomiuon), — cni(Cyatde) » CalCcadmtund), Pb (Lead), Hg Saisie) farce of Pty raion Bei water will result In anaemia eas a Ve