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Learn SQL - Multiple Tables Cheatsheet - Codecademy

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10 views2 pages

Learn SQL - Multiple Tables Cheatsheet - Codecademy

Uploaded by

sabrina
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Cheatsheets / Learn SQL

Multiple Tables

Outer Join
An outer join will combine rows from different tables SELECT column_name(s)
even if the join condition is not met. In a LEFT JOIN ,
FROM table1
every row in the left table is returned in the result set,
and if the join condition is not met, then NULL LEFT JOIN table2
values are used to fill in the columns from the right ON table1.column_name =
table.
table2.column_name;

WITH Clause
The WITH clause stores the result of a query in a WITH temporary_movies AS (
temporary table ( temporary_movies ) using an alias.
SELECT *
Multiple temporary tables can be defined with one
instance of the WITH keyword. FROM movies
)
SELECT *
FROM temporary_movies
WHERE year BETWEEN 2000 AND 2020;

UNION Clause
The UNION clause is used to combine results that SELECT name
appear from multiple SELECT statements and filter
FROM first_names
duplicates.
For example, given a first_names table with a column UNION
name containing rows of data “James” and SELECT name
“Hermione”, and a last_names table with a column FROM last_names
name containing rows of data “James”, “Hermione”
and “Cassidy”, the result of this query would contain
three name s: “Cassidy”, “James”, and “Hermione”.

CROSS JOIN Clause


The CROSS JOIN clause is used to combine each SELECT shirts.shirt_color,
row from one table with each row from another in the
pants.pants_color
result set. This JOIN is helpful for creating all possible
combinations for the records (rows) in two tables. FROM shirts
The given query will select the shirt_color and CROSS JOIN pants;
pants_color columns from the result set, which will
contain all combinations of combining the rows in the
shirts and pants tables. If there are 3 different shirt
colors in the shirts table and 5 different pants colors
in the pants table then the result set will contain 3 x 5
= 15 rows.
Foreign Key
A foreign key is a reference in one table’s records to the
primary key of another table. To maintain multiple
records for a specific row, the use of foreign key plays a
vital role. For instance, to track all the orders of a
specific customer, the table order (illustrated at the
bottom of the image) can contain a foreign key.

Primary Key
A primary key column in a SQL table is used to uniquely
identify each record in that table. A primary key cannot
be NULL . In the example, customer_id is the
primary key. The same value cannot re-occur in a
primary key column. Primary keys are often used in
JOIN operations.

Inner Join
The JOIN clause allows for the return of results from SELECT *
more than one table by joining them together with
FROM books
other results based on common column values
specified using an ON clause. INNER JOIN is the JOIN authors
default JOIN and it will only return results matching ON books.author_id = authors.id;
the condition specified by ON .

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