TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY

PRITHVI NARAYAN CAMPUS

Pokhara-1, Kaski

Lab Report on

Lab report on Matlab

Submitted To:
Bhadra Raj Tripathi
Lecturer
Department of Mathematics

Submitted By:
Kisagar Subedi
First semester
Roll no:29

Shrawn,2079
 Practical No: 1
Title:
Construction of matrices and their operations.

Objective:
i) To create matrices and perform their addition,
subtraction and multiplication.
ii) To find determinant, inverse, rank and adjoint of
matrices.

Program 1. i : 3 x 3 matrix and perform the operation of addition,

subtraction and multiplication.
Syntax :
A = [1 2 3 ;4 5 6;7 8 9] and B = [4 5 6; 6 7 8; 9 10 11]
Execute:
i) A+B , ii) A-B , iii) AB or BA,
Input
A = [1 2 3 ;4 5 6;7 8 9]

A=

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
>> B = [4 5 6; 6 7 8; 9 10 11]

B=

4 5 6
6 7 8
9 10 11

Output:

>> A+B

ans =

5 7 9
10 12 14
16 18 20

>> A-B

ans =

-3 -3 -3
-2 -2 -2
-2 -2 -2

>> A*B

ans =

43 49 55
100 115 130
157 181 205
ii) To perform the following operations.

i)det(A) ii) inv(A) rank(A) iv) adjoint of A

Syntax :
A = [1 2 3 ;4 5 6;7 8 9] and B = [4 5 6; 6 7 8; 9 10 11]
Execute:
i)det(A) ii) inv(A)iii) rank(A) iv) adjoint of A ( det(A) *inv(A))
Input:
A = [1 2 3 ;4 5 6;7 8 9]

A=

1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9

>> B = [4 5 6; 6 7 8; 9 10 11]

B=

4 5 6
6 7 8
9 10 11

Output:

det(A)

ans =

0
 inv(A)
Warning: Matrix is close to singular or badly scaled.
Results may be inaccurate. RCOND = 1.541976e-018.

ans =

1.0e+016 *

-0.4504 0.9007 -0.4504

0.9007 -1.8014 0.9007
-0.4504 0.9007 -0.4504
rank(A)

ans =

2
det(A) *inv(A)
Warning: Matrix is close to singular or badly scaled.
Results may be inaccurate. RCOND = 1.541976e-018.

ans =

0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
Discussion:

By using matlab , I performed addition, subtraction and

multiplication of 3x3 matrices and calculated determinant, rank etc.
Similarly, I can perform 2x2 ,4x4 matrices using arithmetic operation.

Signature: …………….
Subject Teacher
Date:………………….
 Practical No: 2
Title:
Solution system of linear equations.
Objective:
To solve system of linear equations.

Program 2: Solving System of Linear Equation.

x+2y+4z=3, 2x+3y+4y=9 and 2x-y+3z=3

Syntax:

A=[1 2 4; 2 3 4;2 -1 3]

B=[3; 9; 3]

AX=B

Execute:
X= inv(A)*B

Input:
A=[1 2 4; 2 3 4;2 -1 3]

A=

1 2 4
2 3 4
2 -1 3
 >> B=[3; 9; 3]
B=
3
9
3

Output:

>> inv(A)*B

ans =

4.2000

1.8000

-1.2000

Discussion:

By using matlab, we performed system of linear equation

with inputs A and B , obtained output X. Similarly , we can perform other
solving system of linear equations.

Signature: …………….
Subject Teacher
Date:………………….
 Practical No: 3
Title:
Solution of Algebraic Equations.
Objective:
i)To create Algebric Equation of x + 4=0.
ii)To create Algebric Equation of x^3 + x^2 - 8x - 8=0.
Program 3.i: Solving Algebraic Equation.
i) x + 4=0
Syntax:

equation =[1 4];

roots(equation)

Output:
ans =

-4

Program 3.ii: Solving Algebraic Equation.

ii) x^3 + x^2- 8x-8=0

 Syntax:

equation =[1 1 -8 -8];

roots(equation)

Output:

ans =

2.8284

-2.8284

Discussion:
By using matlab, we performed the solution of algebraic
equation. Similarly, we can solve other algebraic equations.

Signature: …………….
Subject Teacher
Date:………………….
 Practical No: 4
Title:
Construction of Graph.
Objective:
i) To construct a graph of line Y=x^2.
ii) To construct a graph of y = sin x and g = cos x.
iii) To construct a graph of f(x) = 3x4 + 2x3+ 7x2 + 2x +
5 and g(x) = 5x3 + 9x + 4.

Program 4 .i: Draw a line of y =x2.

Syntax:

x = [1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10];

x = [-100:10:100];

y = x.^2;

plot(x, y)
 Output:

Program 4 . ii Draw the graph of y = sin x and g = cos x.

Syntax:

x = [0 : 0.01: 10]; y = sin(x);

g = cos(x);

plot(x, y, x, g, '.-'),
 legend('Sin(x)', 'Cos(x)')

Output:

Program 4 .iii: Draw the graph of f(x) = 3x4 + 2x3+ 7x2 + 2x + 5

and g(x) = 5x3 + 9x + 4.

Syntax:
x = [-10 : 0.01: 10];

y = 3*x.^4 + 2 * x.^3 + 7 * x.^2 + 2 * x + 5;

g = 5 * x.^3 + 9 * x + 4;
 plot(x, y, 'r', x, g, 'g')

Output:

Discussion:
By using matlab ,we performed construction of
graph of line Y=X^2 , Y= Sin X and G=Cos X and f(x) = 3x4 + 2x3+
7x2 + 2x + 5 and g(x) = 5x3 + 9x + 4. Similarly , we can perform
construction of a graph with other line such as: Y=X, Y=X^3 ,
Y=X^4 and so on.
Signature: …………….

Practical No: 5
Title:
Construction of circle with different radii.
Objective:

i) To construct a circle of equation: x2 + y2 = r2.

ii) To construct a circle of equation: (x – h)2 + (y – k)2
= r2 .

Program 5:i) Draw the circle; x2 + y2 = r2.

Syntax:
r = 12;

theta = 0:0.1:2*pi

x = r* cos(theta);

y = r* sin(theta);

plot(x, y)
 Output:

Program 5:ii) Draw the circle; (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2

Syntax:
r = 12; h = 4;

k = 5;

theta = 0:0.1:2*pi;

x = r* cos(theta) + h;
 y = r* sin(theta) + k;

plot(x, y,':r*');

title('Circle');

xlavel('x-axis');

yaxis('y-axis');

legend('Graph of Circle')

Output:
Discussion:
By using matlab, we performed construction of
circle with center equal to '0' and center (h, k)= (4 , 5)and radius
(r) 12. Similarly, we can perform construction of other circle
with different radii and center.

Signature: …………….
Subject Teacher
Date:………………….

Practical No: 6
Title:
Construction of space curve.
Objective:
i) To construct a space curve : z = x3 – 5xy3 ,
where |x|≤ 5 and |y|≤ 5.
ii) To construct a space curve: x = r cos , y = r
sin, z =  where 0 ≤  ≤ 4π and r = 12.

Program 6: i) Plot the space Curve; z = x3 – 5xy3 , where |x|≤ 5

and |y|≤ 5.

Syntax:
x = -5:0.5:5;
y = -5:0.5:5;
z = x.^3 - 5*x.* y.^2;
plot3(x,y,z)
 Output:

Program 6:ii) Plot the space Curve; x = r cos , y = r sin, z = 

where 0 ≤  ≤ 4π and r = 12.

Syntax:
r = 12;
theta = 0: 0.5: 4*pi;
x = r* cos (theta);
y = r* sin (theta);
z = (theta);
plot3(x,y,z)
z = sin(x) + sin(y)
surf(x, y, z)
 Output:

Discussion:

By using matlab we performed the drawing space

curve of z = x3 – 5xy3 and : x = r cos , y = r sin, z = .Similarly,
we can draw other space curve same as above operation.

Practical No: 7
Title:
 Construction of 3D graphs.
Objective:
i) To construct 3D graph: z = x2 + y2 where -6 ≤
x, y ≤ 6.
ii) To construct 3D graph: z = sin x + cos x
contour where -12 ≤ x, y ≤ 12.
iii) To construct contour graph : x2 + y2

Program 7: i) Plot the 3D graphs of z = x2 + y2 where -6 ≤ x, y ≤

6.

Syntax:

x = -6:0.1:6;
y=x;
[x, y] = meshgrid(x, y);
z = x.^2 + y.^2;
surf(x, y, z)
 Output:

Program 7: ii) Plot the 3D graphs of z = sin x + cos x contour

where -12 ≤ x, y ≤ 12.

Syntax:
x = -10:0.1:10;
y=x;
[x, y] = meshgrid(x, y);
z = sin(x) + sin(y)
surfc(x, y, z)

Output:
Program 7:iii) Draw the contour of the function x2 + y2.

Syntax:

[x,y] = meshgrid(-5:0.1:5,-3:0.1:3);

g = x.^2 + y.^2

contour(x,y,g)

Print -deps graph.eps

Output:
Discussion:

By using, matlab we plot 3D graphs of contour

equation z = x2 + y2 where -6 ≤ x, y ≤ 6 , z = sin x + cos x
contour where -12 ≤ x, y ≤ 12 and . Similarly, we can plot other
3D graphs of contour same as above operation.

Signature: …………….
Subject Teacher
Date:
………………….
Practical No:8
Title:
Construction of Vectors and their operation.
Objective:
i)To create vector and their length, dot product and
cross product.
ii) To create scalar triproduct and vector product.

Program 8: i) Find the length of vector ❑

⃗ a=(3 , 4 , 6)

Syntax:
V = [3 4 6];
norm(V)
Output:

ans =

7.8102
Program 8: ii) Find dot product and cross product of vector I
⃗ A=[2 , 4 ,5] and ❑
❑ ⃗ B=[5 , 4 , 7] using matlab .

Syntax:
A=[2 , 4 , 5];

B=[5 , 4 , 7] ;
dot(A,B)
cross(A,B)

Output:

dot(A,B)

ans =

61
cross(A,B)

ans =

8 11 -12
Program 8: iii) Find triproduct and vector product of vector I
⃗ A=[2 , 4 ,5] and ❑
❑ C=¿[7 , 5 , 8]¿ using matlab .
⃗ B=[5 , 4 , 7] ⃗

Syntax:
A¿ [2 4 5 ];
B=[5 4 7];
C=[7 5 8] ;

dot (A,cross(B,C))

cross(A,cross(B,C))

Output:
daddzzzzzzzz
dot (A,cross(B,C))
ans =

15
cross(A,cross(B,C))

ans =

-57 -9 30

- Note:
 - i) dot (A,cross(B,C)) [scalar triple product of a,b, c ⃗ ¿ ¿]
- ii) cross(A,cross(B,C)) [ vector product of a, b, c ⃗
¿ ¿]
-

Discussion:
By using matlab , we performed various operation of vector
such as length, dot product, cross product, scalar triple product and
vector product. Similarly, we can perform other operation same as
above.
Signature: …………….
Subject Teacher
Date:………………….