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Math Project 12

The document provides an overview of matrices, defining them as rectangular arrangements of elements organized in rows and columns. It outlines various types of matrices, such as column, row, square, diagonal, scalar, identity, and zero matrices, as well as operations like addition, subtraction, and multiplication. Additionally, it highlights the applications of matrices in solving equations and their importance in fields like mathematics and computer science.

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rautaayushi2008
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8 views5 pages

Math Project 12

The document provides an overview of matrices, defining them as rectangular arrangements of elements organized in rows and columns. It outlines various types of matrices, such as column, row, square, diagonal, scalar, identity, and zero matrices, as well as operations like addition, subtraction, and multiplication. Additionally, it highlights the applications of matrices in solving equations and their importance in fields like mathematics and computer science.

Uploaded by

rautaayushi2008
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Index

Introduction
Matrices definition
Types of matrices
 Column matrix
 Row matrix
 Square matrix
 Diagonal matrix
 Scalar matrix
 Identity matrix
 Zero matrix
Operations of matrices
 Addition of Matrices
 Subtraction of matrices
 Matrix multiplication
Application of matrices
INTRODUCTION
A matrix is a rectangular arrangement of numbers, symbols, or
expressions, organized in rows and columns. Each number inside a
matrix is called an element. Matrices are used to represent and
solve systems of equations, perform linear transformations, and
handle data in fields like mathematics, engineering, computer
science, physics, and economics.
For example, a matrix with 2 rows and 3 columns looks like this:
(123
456)
Matrices can be added, subtracted, and multiplied following
specific rules, and they have special types such as square
matrices, diagonal matrices, and identity matrices.
Understanding matrices is fundamental for topics like linear
algebra, graphics programming, and machine learning.
Definition of matrices
A matrix is a mathematical structure consisting of a rectangular
array of elements (such as numbers, functions, or symbols)
arranged systematically in rows and columns.
Formally, a matrix is defined as a function:
A:(i,j)↦aij
where i and j are integers representing the row and column
indices respectively, and aij denotes the element located at the
intersection of the ith and jth column.
A matrix with m rows and n columns is called an m×nm matrix
and is often represented as:
A=[a11 a12 ⋯ a1n
a21 a22 ⋯ a2n
⋮ ⋮ ⋱ ⋮
am1 am2 ⋯ amn]
Here:
 m = number of rows
 n = number of columns
 aij∈R (or any other set such as complex numbers C, integers Z
etc.) depending on the context.
Types of matrices

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