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Assembly Programming Arithmetic Arrays and Logic

This document presents an overview of assembly programming, focusing on arithmetic operations, array manipulation, and logical operations. It covers number representations, techniques for computing series sums, sorting algorithms, and odd/even number detection, emphasizing efficiency and practical applications. The document concludes with key takeaways and suggestions for further learning in advanced assembly techniques.

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6 views

Assembly Programming Arithmetic Arrays and Logic

This document presents an overview of assembly programming, focusing on arithmetic operations, array manipulation, and logical operations. It covers number representations, techniques for computing series sums, sorting algorithms, and odd/even number detection, emphasizing efficiency and practical applications. The document concludes with key takeaways and suggestions for further learning in advanced assembly techniques.

Uploaded by

undreyashmail
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assembly Programming:

Arithmetic, Arrays, and Logic


This presentation covers assembly programming. We will explore
arithmetic, arrays, and logical operations. Learn to manipulate numbers
and data.

YU by Yash Undre
Number Representations: Hexadecimal and BCD
Hexadecimal Format BCD Format

Hexadecimal uses base-16. Digits include 0-9 and A-F. It's Binary Coded Decimal represents each decimal digit with 4
efficient for representing binary data. Each hex digit maps bits. BCD is useful for financial applications. It avoids
to 4 bits. conversion errors.

Understanding these formats is crucial. They are essential for efficient assembly programming.
Basic Arithmetic Operations in Assembly
Addition Subtraction
Use the ADD instruction. Add two registers or memory Employ the SUB instruction. Subtract values stored in
locations. registers.

Multiplication Division
Utilize the MUL command. Multiply two operands. Apply the DIV directive. Divide a number by another.

These instructions form the building blocks. They are used for complex calculations.
Techniques for Computing Series Sums
Looping Recursion Optimization
Use loops to iterate. Add each term Implement recursive functions. Optimize calculations. Reduce
to the sum. Loop until the condition Each call computes part of the sum. redundant operations. Improve
is met. Stop at the base case. code execution time.

Careful implementation is vital. It ensures accurate and efficient results.


Finding Minimum and
Maximum Values in Arrays

Initialization Comparison Completion


Load the first Compare current After iteration,
element. Consider it element. Check minimum and
the minimum and against current maximum are found.
maximum. Iterate minimum and These values
through the array. maximum. Update if represent the
necessary. extremes.

This method is efficient. It requires a single pass through the array.


Sorting in Assembly: Ascending Order

Selection Sort
Find the minimum element. Place it at
the beginning. Repeat for the rest.

Bubble Sort
Compare adjacent elements. Swap
if out of order. Repeat until sorted.
Insertion Sort
Insert each element. Place it in the
correct position. Build a sorted
subarray.

Selection of sorting algorithm depends on code complexity, memory, time available, etc.
Sorting in Assembly:
Descending Order
Modified Bubble Sort
Adjust comparison logic. Swap if less than. Ensure
descending order.

Adjusted Selection Sort


Find the maximum element. Place it at the beginning.
Iterate again to sort.

Reversed Insertion Sort


Insert each element. Maintain the correct descending
position. Refine the array iteratively.

Adapt sorting techniques. Minor changes enable descending order.


Odd/Even Number Detection in 8086

Bitwise AND Zero Check Conditional Jump


Use AND instruction with 1. Check If LSB is 0, the number is even. Use JZ (jump if zero). Jump to even
the least significant bit (LSB). Otherwise, it's odd. or odd code.

This method is efficient. It is a standard technique in assembly.


Practical Applications and Performance
Speed
Assembly offers speed. Direct hardware control optimizes routines.

Size
Code can be smaller. Optimize memory usage. Benefit embedded systems.

Control
Full control ensures security and optimizes systems.

Embedded systems often rely on assembly. It provides low-level control.


Summary and Advanced
Assembly Resources

1 2
Key Takeaways Sorting Algorithms
Number representations. Basic Ascending. Descending.
arithmetic. Array manipulation. Odd/Even detection. Explore
practical applications.

3
Further Learning
Explore advanced assembly
techniques. Study processor
architecture.

Assembly programming provides fine-grained control. It also boosts


performance.

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