4.

1 Introduction
Chapter Four presents the findings of the data analysis conducted in this study, focusing on the
Adoption of sustainable fashion accessories consumption by trainers in national polytechnics in
Kenya.
Detailed analysis of the data collected through questionnaires was analyzed using statistical
techniques such as descriptive statistics means, frequencies, standard deviations and
percentages will be employed to analyze the data, and the results of the analysis are presented
in tables and figures to aid in the interpretation of the findings which is further discussed in
relation to the research questions and hypotheses.
4.2 Demographic Information of the Respondents
The demographic composition of the respondents helps understand the characteristics and
diversity of the sample population. This section presents the demographic information of the
respondents.
4.2.1 Gender and Education Level
The table below shows the distribution of gender and their education level.
Gender Frequency Percent

Male 151 45.6

Female 180 54.4

Total 331 100.0

What is your highest level of education Frequency Percent

Diploma 79 23.9

National Higher Diploma 40 12.1

Bachelors 173 52.4

Masters 34 10.3

Doctorate (phd) 4 1.2

Total 330 100.0

Gender Distribution

The table above reveals the distribution of gender among the respondents. Out of a total of 331

participants, a slight majority identified as female (54.4%) compared to male (45.6%). This

gender distribution provides insight into the demographic representation for sustainable fashion

accessory preferences.

Highest Level of Education Attained

The majority of respondents hold a Bachelor's degree, with 173 (52.4%) indicating this as their

highest qualification. Diploma holders make up 23.9% (79 respondents), while those with a

National Higher Diploma constitute 12.1% (40 respondents).

Respondents with advanced qualifications include 34 (10.3%) holding a Master's degree and a

smaller group of 4 (1.2%) who possess a Doctorate (PhD). It is worth noting that one respondent

did not provide their highest level of education, reducing the total valid responses for this

category to 330.

Age Group Distribution

As shown in the chart above, the age distribution of the respondents in this study reveals that Out

of a total of 331 participants, 330 provided their age information, while 1 respondent did not.

The majority of respondents fall within the 21-30 years age group, representing 42.4% of the

valid responses. This is followed by the 31-40 years group, which constitutes 33.3% of the

respondents. The 41-50 years age group accounts for 17.3%, while respondents aged Above 51

years make up 7.0% of the total responses.

This distribution highlights that the majority of respondents are in the younger age brackets,

particularly between 21 and 40 years, which may reflect a demographic trend towards younger

individuals engaging with sustainable fashion accessory preferences.

Marital Status of Respondents

The table below illustrates the marital status distribution of respondents. Understanding

respondents' marital status helps to identify how relationship status might correlate with

preferences or consumption patterns for sustainable fashion accessories.

Marital Status of Respondents Frequency Percent

Single 74 22.4

Married 180 54.5

Not Married 72 21.8

Widowed 1 0.1

Divorced 3 0.9

Total 330 100.0

The table above shows the distribution of respondents based on marital status. Out of a total of

331 respondents, 330 provided their marital status, while 1 respondent did not. The majority of

respondents are Married, accounting for 54.5% of the valid responses. This is followed by

Single respondents, who make up 22.4% of the total. The Not Married category represents

21.8% of the respondents. Smaller proportions of respondents are Widowed (0.3%) and

Divorced (0.9%).

This distribution highlights that over half of the respondents are married, while a significant

proportion are either single or not married, indicating diverse marital demographics among the

participants.

As shown in the chart above, A total of 331 respondents participated in the study, with 328

providing their religious affiliation, while 3 respondents did not.

The majority of respondents identify as Christian, comprising 94.5% of the valid responses.

Muslims represent 3.4%, while African Traditional Belief followers account for 1.5%. A

smaller proportion, 0.6%, identify as Hindu.

This distribution illustrates a predominantly Christian sample, with a small representation of

other religions, suggesting that the sample is heavily skewed toward Christian respondents.

Mode of Employment and Additional Income Sources of Respondents

The table below the mode of employment and the presence of additional income sources among

the respondents in this pilot study. The distribution of employment status and other income

sources may offer insights into the economic conditions that influence purchasing decisions

within this demographic.

Mode of Employment Frequency Percent

Permanent 193 61.5

Contract 121 38.5

Total 314 100.0

Additional Income Sources Frequency Percent

Yes 144 48.2

No 155 51.8

Total 299 100.0

Mode of Employment
The table above presents the mode of employment for the respondents. Out of 331 total

respondents, 314 provided valid responses, with 17 respondents not providing their mode of

employment. Among the valid responses, the majority of participants are employed on a

permanent basis, comprising 61.5% of the sample. The remaining 38.5% of respondents are

employed on a contract basis. This distribution highlights that a significant portion of the

sample has permanent employment, suggesting potential stability in the workforce for this study.

Additional Income Sources

The table above reveals the responses to the question regarding additional sources of income. Of

the 331 total respondents, 299 provided valid responses, while 32 respondents did not. Among

the valid responses, 51.8% of participants reported not having an additional source of income,

while 48.2% stated that they do. This indicates a fairly even distribution between those with and

without supplementary income.

Average Monthly Income

This section presents the distribution of average monthly income among the 32 respondents

(N=32) in this pilot study. Understanding participants' income levels provides insights into their

purchasing power regarding sustainable fashion accessories.

As shown in the figure above, Out of 331 total respondents, 322 provided valid responses, while 9

respondents had missing data, contributing to 2.7% of the total.

Among the valid responses:

 27.3% of respondents reported earning Ksh 30,000 and below.

 Another 27.3% reported earning between Ksh 30,001 and Ksh 50,000.

 19.3% of respondents earn between Ksh 50,001 and Ksh 70,000.

 15.2% reported earning between Ksh 70,001 and Ksh 90,000.

 10.9% of respondents earn Ksh 90,001 and above.

The results indicate that a majority of respondents (54.6%) earn Ksh 50,000 and below, while the

remaining respondents are distributed across higher income brackets, with progressively fewer

respondents as the income range increases.

Distribution of Respondents by Living Area

The table below presents the living area distribution of the 32 respondents (N=32) in this pilot

study. The responses are coded as follows: 1 for "Rural" and 2 for "Urban." This categorization

allows for a clearer understanding of where participants reside, which can influence their

consumption behaviors and perspectives on sustainable fashion accessories.

Residence Frequency Percent

Rural 246 77.1

Urban 73 22.9

Total 319 100.0

The table above presents the distribution of respondents based on their place of residence. Out of

the N = 319 valid responses, a majority of the respondents reside in rural areas (246, 77.1%),

while a smaller proportion reported living in urban areas (73, 22.9%). These findings indicate

that the majority of participants in this study are from rural areas, with a smaller representation

from urban residents.

Monthly Spending on Fashion Accessories

The illustration above details the respondents' monthly spending on fashion accessories. Out of

the N = 328 valid responses, the majority reported spending Ksh 2000 and below (125, 38.1%),

followed by those who spend between Ksh 2001 - 4000 (98, 29.9%). A smaller proportion

indicated spending between Ksh 4001 - 6000 (69, 21.0%) and Ksh 6001 - 8000 (24, 7.3%),

while only a few respondents reported spending Ksh 10000 and above (12, 3.7%). These results

highlight that most respondents tend to allocate relatively lower amounts towards purchasing

fashion accessories each month.

Acquisition Methods for Fashion Accessories

The table below outlines the methods through which respondents acquire their fashion

accessories in this pilot study involving 32 participants (N=32).

The acquisition methods are presented as follows:

Acquisition Methods Frequency Percent

Buying 268 82.0

Gifts 36 11.0

Getting it after use 9 2.8

Make my own 14 4.3

Total 327 100.0

The table above displays the acquisition methods for fashion accessories among the respondents.

Out of the N = 327 valid responses, the majority of respondents acquire their fashion accessories

through buying (268, 82.0%), followed by those who receive them as gifts (36, 11.0%). A

smaller proportion obtain accessories after use (9, 2.8%), while some respondents indicated that

they make their own fashion accessories (14, 4.3%). This suggests that purchasing is the most

common method of acquiring fashion accessories in the sample.

Frequency of Purchasing Fashion Accessories

The following tables illustrate how often respondents buy fashion accessories and specifically

sustainable fashion accessories, based on a pilot study involving 32 participants (N=32).

Frequency of Buying Fashion Accessories Frequency Percent

Monthly 84 26.6

Once in three months 114 36.1

Twice a year 63 19.9

Annually 55 17.4

Total 316 100.0

As shown in the table above, a significant portion of respondents purchase fashion accessories

once every three months, accounting for 36.1% (n=114). Additionally, 26.6% (n=84) buy these

accessories on a monthly basis. A smaller group buys fashion accessories twice a year (63,

19.9%), while the remaining respondents buy them annually (55, 17.4%). This indicates that a

large portion of the sample purchases fashion accessories at least once every three months.

Frequency of Buying Sustainable Fashion Frequency Percent

Accessories

Monthly 60 18.9

Once in three months 98 30.8

Once in six months 61 19.2

Annually 99 29.9

Total 318 100.0

The table above shows the frequency of buying sustainable fashion accessories among the

respondents. Out of the N = 318 valid responses, the majority of respondents purchase

sustainable fashion accessories once in three months (98, 30.8%), followed by those who buy

them annually (99, 29.9%). A smaller group buys them once in six months (61, 19.2%), while 60

respondents (18.9%) buy them monthly. This distribution suggests that while a substantial

proportion of respondents engage in the purchase of sustainable fashion accessories, it occurs

less frequently than the general fashion accessory purchases.

Purchase Behavior of Fashion Accessories

As illustrated in the figure below the responses of participants regarding their impulse buying

behavior for fashion accessories. The two categories are defined as follows: "Yes" indicates

respondents who tend to purchase accessories upon seeing them, while "No" indicate those who

do not.
As shown in the figure above, Out of the N = 322 valid responses, 131 respondents (40.7%)

reported that they do tend to buy fashion accessories when they see them, while a larger

proportion of 191 respondents (59.3%) indicated that they do not make purchases impulsively.

This suggests that the majority of respondents prefer to make more thoughtful, deliberate

decisions rather than buying fashion accessories on impulse.

Preferred Purchase Locations for Fashion Accessories

The table below summarizes the preferred purchase locations for fashion accessories among

respondents, indicating their preferences for various shopping environments.

Frequency of Buying Fashion Accessories Frequency Percent

Masai market 36 10.9

Boutiques 157 47.4

Shopping malls 120 36.3

Kazuri stores 15 4.5

Hawkers/streets 146 44.1

Fashion Accessories Shops 106 32.0

The table above shows the preferred purchase locations for fashion accessories. 157 respondents

(47.4%) indicated that they purchase fashion accessories from boutiques. 120 respondents

(36.3%) stated that shopping malls are their preferred location. A small number of respondents,

15 (4.5%), indicated Kazuri stores as their preferred location, 146 respondents (44.1%) preferred

to purchase from hawkers on the streets. Finally, 106 respondents (32%) preferred purchasing

fashion accessories from fashion accessory shops

Motivations for Purchasing Fashion Accessories

The table below presents various reasons respondents purchase fashion accessories, rated on a 5-

point Likert scale. Respondents indicated their agreement with each statement by selecting from:

SD (Strongly Disagree), D (Disagree), N (Neutral), A (Agree), and SA (Strongly Agree).

Additionally, the mean and standard deviation (STD) for each statement are calculated,

providing insight into average agreement levels and variability in responses.

Strongly Disagree

Strongly Agree
/Percentage

Undecided
Frequency

Motivations for Total Mean STD

Disagree

Purchasing Fashion

Agree
Accessories

I buy fashion accessories f(n) 13 26 16 140 134 329

informed by my income
4.08 1.060
P (%) 4.0% 7.9% 4.9% 42.6% 40.7% 100
I buy fashion accessories f(n) 16 22 28 155 105 326
informed by the price 3.95 1.059
P (%) 4.9% 6.7% 8.6% 47.5% 32.2% 100
I buy fashion accessories f(n) 17 19 27 133 131 327
depending on the money
P (%) 5.2% 5.8% 8.3% 40.7% 40.1% 100 4.05 1.089
available
Whenever I see an f(n) 67 86 41 81 47 322
attractive fashion
P (%) 20.8% 26.7% 12.7% 25.2% 14.6% 100 2.86 1.386
accessory I usually buy
I buy different fashion f(n) 28 34 40 150 74 326
accessories to add
P(%) 18.6% 10.4% 12.3% 46.0% 22.7% 100 3.64 1.189
versatility to my outfits

A key motivation for purchasing fashion accessories is the influence of personal finances, with

many respondents indicating that their income plays a significant role in their purchasing

decisions. A majority, 42.6%, agreed, and 40.7% strongly agreed that their income influences

their accessory purchases, yielding a mean score of 4.08 and a relatively low standard deviation

of 1.060. This suggests that individuals tend to align their accessory purchases with their
financial capacity. The standard deviation indicates some variability in responses, but overall,

there is a general consensus that income influences accessory purchases.

Similarly, price considerations are also a strong motivator, as 47.5% of respondents agreed, and

32.2% strongly agreed that the price of accessories affects their decision to buy, with a mean

score of 3.95 and a standard deviation of 1.059. The relatively low standard deviation here also

shows a consistent agreement that price is a key factor in accessory purchases. This emphasizes

the role of affordability in fashion accessory consumption.

Another important factor in purchasing fashion accessories is the available money at the time of

purchase, with 40.7% agreeing and 40.1% strongly agreeing. This was reflected in a mean score

of 4.05 and a standard deviation of 1.089, indicating that individuals are often influenced by their

immediate financial situation when deciding whether to purchase fashion accessories. The

standard deviation suggests there is some variation in how strongly individuals feel about this

factor, but the overall trend is clear: available money plays a significant role in fashion accessory

decisions.

Despite these financial considerations, there is also a degree of impulsiveness involved in

accessory purchases, with 20.8% strongly disagreeing and 26.7% disagreeing with the idea that

they usually buy accessories upon seeing them. The mean score of 2.86, along with a high

standard deviation of 1.386, highlights the variability in impulsive buying behavior among

respondents. The higher standard deviation here indicates that opinions on impulsive purchasing

are more spread out, with some respondents feeling strongly about not buying on impulse while

others may be more inclined to do so.

Finally, many respondents agreed that accessories are bought to enhance their personal style and

add versatility to their outfits. 46.0% agreed, and 22.7% strongly agreed that they buy

accessories for this reason, with a mean score of 3.64 and a standard deviation of 1.189. This
suggests that fashion accessories are seen not only as practical purchases but also as essential

components for improving personal style and outfit variety. The standard deviation here

indicates some variability in how important versatility is for individuals when it comes to

purchasing fashion accessories, but overall, enhancing personal style remains a key motivator.

Overall, financial factors such as income and available money are significant drivers of

accessory purchases, but there is also a clear trend toward purchasing accessories for personal

style enhancement. While impulsive buying plays a lesser role, the desire to complement one's

style and creativity remains a substantial motivation. The varying standard deviations across the

factors indicate that while the general trends are clear, there is some degree of variability in how

strongly individuals feel about the different motivations for purchasing fashion accessories.
Clothing and Categories of Fashion Accessories

Most Used Fashion Accessories

The data below represents the responses of participants on the frequency of their use of various

fashion accessories. The scale used for responses includes: "Never" (NE), "Rarely" (R),

"Sometimes" (S), "Usually" (U), and "Always" (A). The mean score and standard deviation

(STD) provide insights into the average frequency of use for each accessory, along with the level

of agreement among respondents.

/Percentage

Sometimes
Frequency

Usually

Always
Rarely
Never

Most used Total Mea STD

Fashion Accessory n
Belt f(n) 14 51 82 57 124 328
3.33 1.441
P (%) 4.3% 15.5% 25.0% 17.4% 37.8% 100%
Bags f(n) 7 19 52 117 135 330 4.0
0.993
P (%) 2.1% 5.8% 15.8% 35.5% 40.9% 100% 7
Shoes f(n) 4 6 20 29 270 329 4.6
0.771
P (%) 1.2% 1.8% 6.1% 8.8% 82.1% 100% 9
Hats f(n) 52 118 110 25 21 326 2.5
1.054
P (%) 16.0% 36.2% 33.7% 7.7% 6.4% 100% 2
Watches f(n) 45 66 58 57 104 330 3.3
P(%) 13.6% 20.0% 17.6% 17.3% 31.5% 100% 1.441
3

As presented in the table above:

 Belts: A substantial number of respondents frequently use belts, with 37.8% indicating

"Always" and an additional 17.4% marking "Usually," yielding a mean score of 3.33 and

a standard deviation of 1.441. This suggests moderate variability in belt usage, as

responses are spread across the scale.

  Bags: Bags are widely used, with 40.9% of respondents indicating "Always" and 35.5%

marking "Usually," resulting in a high mean score of 4.07 and a relatively low standard

deviation of 0.993. This indicates strong and consistent preference for bags among

respondents, highlighting their practical importance as a fashion accessory.

 Shoes: Shoes emerged as the most consistently used accessory, with an overwhelming

82.1% of respondents selecting "Always" and an additional 8.8% marking "Usually." The

mean score of 4.69, the highest among all accessories, and a low standard deviation of

0.771 emphasize shoes' essential role in respondents' daily wear.

 Hats: Hats have the lowest frequency of use, with only 6.4% of respondents marking

"Always" and 7.7% selecting "Usually." A significant portion, 52.2%, marked "Never" or

"Rarely," resulting in a low mean score of 2.52 and a standard deviation of 1.054. This

indicates that hats are not a commonly used fashion accessory.

 Watches: Watches show moderate usage, with 31.5% of respondents indicating

"Always" and 17.3% marking "Usually." The mean score for watches is 3.33, with a

standard deviation of 1.441, reflecting variability in their regular use among respondents.

Shoes stand out as the most frequently used fashion accessory, reflecting their essential nature,

followed closely by bags, which are also highly preferred for daily use. In contrast, hats are used

the least, indicating their limited appeal or relevance among respondents. Belts and watches

show moderate use, with preferences varying widely across the sample.
Most Liked Fashion Accessories

As presented in the table below, the Most Liked Fashion Accessories are categorized based on

the following coding: NL (Not Liked), LL (Least Liked), U (Uncertain), L (Liked), and ML

(Most Liked). This categorization helps to gauge the preferences of respondents towards various

fashion accessories, offering insight into consumer behavior.

Least Liked
/Percentage
Frequency

Most Liked Fashion

Not Liked

Uncertain

Most Liked
Total Mean STD
Accessories

Liked
Belt f(n) 21 46 47 124 93 331
3.67 1.202
P (%) 6.3% 13.9% 14.2% 37.5% 28.1% 100%
Bags f(n) 7 20 62 119 118 326
3.39 0.997
P (%) 2.1% 6.1% 19.0% 36.5% 36.2% 100%
Shoes f(n) 3 11 24 66 226 330
4.52 0.840
P (%) 0.9% 3.3% 7.3% 20.0% 68.5 100%
Hats f(n) 61 101 85 57 24 328
2.64 1.180
P (%) 18.6% 30.8% 25.9% 17.4% 7.3% 100%
Watches f(n) 38 53 42 90 107 330
P(%) 11.5% 16.1% 12.7% 27.3% 32.4% 100% 3.53 1.384

As presented in the table above:

 Belts: Belts are moderately liked, with 37.5% of respondents indicating "Liked" and

28.1% marking "Most Liked." The mean score is 3.67, with a standard deviation of

1.202, suggesting a moderate level of preference with some variability in responses.

 Bags: Bags are popular among respondents, with 36.5% selecting "Liked" and 36.2%

indicating "Most Liked." The mean score of 3.39 and a relatively low standard deviation

of 0.997 indicate a consistent preference for bags as a fashion accessory.

  Shoes: Shoes are the most liked accessory, with 68.5% of respondents marking "Most

Liked" and an additional 20.0% selecting "Liked." The high mean score of 4.52 and a low

standard deviation of 0.840 reflect a strong and widespread preference for shoes.

 Hats: Hats are the least liked accessory, with 18.6% of respondents marking "Not Liked"

and 30.8% selecting "Least Liked." Only 7.3% marked "Most Liked," resulting in a low

mean score of 2.64 and a standard deviation of 1.180, indicating limited appeal among

respondents.

 Watches: Watches show a moderate level of preference, with 27.3% of respondents

indicating "Liked" and 32.4% selecting "Most Liked." The mean score of 3.53 and a

standard deviation of 1.384 reflect varied responses regarding their appeal as a fashion

accessory.

Shoes are the most liked fashion accessory, showcasing their essential role in respondents’

preferences. Bags follow closely, maintaining a consistent level of preference. On the other hand,

hats are the least favored accessory, with limited appeal among participants. Belts and watches

show moderate levels of preference, with responses indicating a mix of opinions.

Factors Dictating Fashion Accessory Choices Based on Design Details of the Garment

This section examines how various design details of garments influence the selection of fashion

accessories, focusing on color, fabric, texture, and design/style. The following table summarizes

the frequency and valid percentages of responses indicating whether specific design details of

garments dictate the use of different fashion accessories.

Factors Dictating Fashion Accessories Frequency Valid Percent

Garment Colour Dictates
Belts 266 80.4
Bags 272 82.2
Shoes 282 85.2
Hats 221 66.8
Watches 213 64.4
Garment Fabric Dictates
Belts 90 27.2
Bags 183 55.3
Shoes 96 29.0
Hats 107 32.3
Watches 20 6.0
Garment Texture Dictates
Belts 65 19.6
Bags 112 33.8
Shoes 82 24.8
Hats 66 19.9
Watches 20 6.0
Garment Design Style Dictates
Belts 212 64.0
Bags 223 67.4
Dictates Shoes 242 73.1
Dictates Hats 137 41.4
Dictates Watches 116 35.0
Garment Colour

 Belts (n=266, 80.4%): A significant majority of respondents indicated that garment color

dictates their choice of belts, underscoring the importance of color coordination in belt

selection.
  Bags (n=272, 82.2%): Similarly, 82.2% of respondents reported that color influences

their bag choices, emphasizing the need for visual harmony in accessorizing with bags.

 Shoes (n=282, 85.2%): Shoes are highly influenced by garment color, with 85.2% of

respondents noting its impact, making color the most critical factor in shoe selection.

 Hats (n=221, 66.8%) and Watches (n=213, 64.4%): While fewer respondents indicated

that garment color dictates their choice of hats and watches, the influence remains

noteworthy, showing a preference for coordinated aesthetics.

Garment Fabric

 Bags (n=183, 55.3%): More than half of the respondents indicated that garment fabric

dictates their bag selection, highlighting the role of material compatibility in accessory

choices.

 Belts (n=90, 27.2%): The fabric of garments has a moderate influence on belt choices,

with 27.2% acknowledging its impact.

 Shoes (n=96, 29.0%) and Hats (n=107, 32.3%): Around 30% of respondents reported that

fabric influences their shoe and hat choices, indicating a limited but present consideration

for material in these accessories.

 Watches (n=20, 6.0%): Fabric has the least impact on watch selection, as only 6.0% of

respondents noted its influence, suggesting that material considerations are less critical

for watches.
Garment Texture

 Bags (n=112, 33.8%): Texture moderately influences bag selection, with 33.8% of

respondents highlighting its role in their choices.

 Shoes (n=82, 24.8%): A quarter of respondents noted that texture influences their shoe

selections, indicating some concern for texture matching.

 Belts (n=65, 19.6%) and Hats (n=66, 19.9%): Texture has a minimal impact on belt and

hat choices, with less than 20% of respondents indicating its influence.

 Watches (n=20, 6.0%): Similar to fabric, texture is the least influential factor for watches,

as only 6.0% of respondents acknowledged its role.

Garment Design Style

 Shoes (n=242, 73.1%): Design style is a major factor in shoe choices, with 73.1% of

respondents stating its influence.

 Bags (n=223, 67.4%): Nearly 70% of respondents indicated that garment design style
dictates their bag choices, reflecting the importance of stylistic coherence.

 Belts (n=212, 64.0%): Design style plays a significant role in belt selection, with 64.0%
of respondents noting its impact.

 Hats (n=137, 41.4%) and Watches (n=116, 35.0%): Design style is less influential for
hats and watches, with fewer respondents indicating its importance, suggesting that these
accessories may not require strong stylistic alignment with garments.

In summary, Garment color and design style emerged as the most critical factors influencing

accessory choices, particularly for belts, shoes, and bags. Fabric and texture play a lesser role

overall, with specific preferences varying by accessory type.

Factors Dictating Fashion Accessory Choices Based on Design Details of the Fashion

Accessory

This section analyzes the factors influencing choices of fashion accessories, specifically focusing

on design details such as color, material, texture, and style. The data reflects varying levels of

influence that different design details of fashion accessories have. The frequencies and

percentages indicate how many respondents felt that these factors dictated their accessory

preferences.

Factors Dictating Fashion Accessories Frequency Valid Percent

Accessory Design Colour Dictates
Belts 231 69.8
Bags 207 62.5
Shoes 243 73.4
Hats 131 39.6
Watches 64 19.3
Accessory Design Material Dictates
Belts 65 19.6
Bags 104 31.4
Shoes 89 26.9
Hats 56 16.9
Watches 31 9.4
Accessory Design Texture Dictates
Belts 67 20.2
Bags 78 23.6
Shoes 77 23.3
Hats 47 14.2
Watches 33 10.0
Accessory Design Style Dictates
Belts 230 69.5
Bags 235 71.0
Shoes 262 79.2
Hats 162 48.9
Watches 106 32.0

The frequencies and percentages for each factor are as follows:

Accessory Design Colour

 Belts (n=231, 69.8%): A significant majority of respondents reported that the color of the

accessory dictates their choice of belts, highlighting the importance of color coordination.

 Bags (n=207, 62.5%): Over 60% of respondents indicated that color influences their bag

choices, reflecting its critical role in bag selection.

 Shoes (n=243, 73.4%): Color emerged as a key determinant in shoe selection, with 73.4%

of respondents acknowledging its impact.

 Hats (n=131, 39.6%): Fewer respondents noted that color dictates their hat choices,

suggesting less emphasis on color for this accessory.

 Watches (n=64, 19.3%): Watches showed the least influence of color, with only 19.3% of

respondents considering it a deciding factor.

Accessory Design Material

 Belts (n=65, 19.6%): Material plays a relatively minor role in belt selection, with only

19.6% of respondents noting its influence.

 Bags (n=104, 31.4%): Material is moderately influential for bags, with 31.4% of

respondents reporting its importance.

 Shoes (n=89, 26.9%): About a quarter of respondents noted that material impacts their

shoe choices.

 Hats (n=56, 16.9%) and Watches (n=31, 9.4%): Material is the least critical factor for

hats and watches, with fewer respondents indicating its significance.

Accessory Design Texture

 Belts (n=67, 20.2%): Texture has a limited influence on belt choices, with 20.2% of
respondents noting its role.

 Bags (n=78, 23.6%): A slightly higher proportion of respondents (23.6%) indicated that
texture impacts their bag choices.

 Shoes (n=77, 23.3%): Texture also moderately influences shoe selection.

 Hats (n=47, 14.2%) and Watches (n=33, 10.0%): Texture is less influential for hats and

watches, with minimal respondents acknowledging its impact.

Accessory Design Style

 Belts (n=230, 69.5%): Style is a significant factor in belt selection, with 69.5% of

respondents noting its importance.

 Bags (n=235, 71.0%): Nearly three-quarters of respondents reported that style dictates

their choice of bags.

 Shoes (n=262, 79.2%): Style emerged as the most influential factor for shoe choices, with

79.2% of respondents emphasizing its role.

 Hats (n=162, 48.9%): Almost half of the respondents reported that style affects their hat

choices, showing moderate influence.

 Watches (n=106, 32.0%): Style plays a lesser but still notable role in watch selection,

with 32.0% of respondents indicating its impact.

Accessory design elements such as color and style were the most influential factors,

especially for belts, bags, and shoes. Material and texture had less impact, varying across

different types of accessories.

Influence of Fashion Trends on Accessory Choices

The chart below shows how trends dictate the use of various accessories, including belts, bags,

shoes, hats, and watches. The findings are based on responses from 32 participants for the pilot

study.

The results indicate a notable trend among respondents regarding their accessory choices

influenced by fashion trends.

 Belts: A significant proportion of respondents, 160 (48.3%), reported that fashion trends

influence their choice of belts.

 Bags: Similarly, 144 respondents (43.5%) indicated that their bag choices are dictated by

fashion trends.

 Shoes: The influence of fashion trends is most evident in shoe choices, with 212

respondents (64.0%) acknowledging its impact.

 Hats: A smaller number, 85 respondents (25.7%), reported that fashion trends influence

their choice of hats.

 Watches: Only 34 respondents (10.3%) stated that fashion trends dictate their choice of

watches.

The analysis highlights that fashion trends have a significant impact on accessories such as

shoes, belts, and bags, while hats and watches appear to be less influenced by current trends.
Factors Influencing Fashion Accessory Choices Based on Occasion

This section examines how occasions influence the selection of fashion accessories, including

belts, bags, shoes, hats, and watches as illustrated below.

As illustrated above;

 Belts: A total of 168 respondents (50.8%) indicated that the occasion influences their

choice of belts. This suggests that consumers often select belts that are appropriate for

specific events or settings, indicating a significant consideration of occasion in their

fashion accessory choices.

 Bags: For bags, 190 respondents (57.4%) reported that the occasion plays a role in their

selection. This indicates that bags are frequently chosen to complement specific events,

showcasing their adaptability to diverse settings.

 Shoes: The influence of occasion is most evident in shoe choices, with 258 respondents

(77.9%) stating that their shoe selection is dictated by the occasion. This highlights the
 importance of matching footwear to the context of the event, whether it be casual, formal,

or otherwise.

 Hats: A total of 131 respondents (39.6%) indicated that the occasion influences their

choice of hats. This percentage shows that while occasion plays a role, hats may be seen

as more versatile or less tied to specific events compared to other accessories.

 Watches: Only 45 respondents (13.6%) reported that occasion dictates their choice of

watches. This relatively low percentage suggests that watches may be considered a more

functional or personal accessory, with less emphasis placed on occasion.

The data reveals a significant influence of occasion on the choice of fashion accessories,

particularly for shoes, which had the highest percentage (77.9%), followed by bags and belts.

Hats and watches show less influence.

Influence of Occupation on Fashion Accessory Choices

The data below provides insights into the role occupation plays in determining accessory

choices.

Factors Dictating Fashion Accessories Frequency Percent

Belts 64 19.3

Bags 80 24.2

Shoes 112 33.8

Hats 31 9.4

Watches 39 11.8

As illustrated in the table above;

 Belts: A total of 64 respondents (19.3%) indicated that occupation influences their choice

of belts. This percentage suggests that belts may serve as both functional and stylistic

accessories, where occupational requirements, such as formal attire in professional

settings, impact selection.

 Bags: Occupation influences the choice of bags for 80 respondents (24.2%). This is the

highest percentage among all accessory categories, emphasizing that bags are often

selected based on practical occupational needs, such as carrying work-related items.

 Shoes: For shoes, 112 respondents (33.8%) reported that their occupational requirements

dictate their selection. This reflects a significant consideration for footwear that aligns

with the demands or expectations of professional roles.

  Hats: Only 31 respondents (9.4%) indicated that occupation influences their choice of

hats. This relatively low percentage suggests that hats are less commonly associated with

occupational needs and are more of an optional accessory.

 Watches: A total of 39 respondents (11.8%) stated that their occupation impacts their

watch choices. While the influence is modest, this finding suggests that some professions

may require specific watch styles for professional or functional purposes.

The data demonstrates that occupation has varying levels of influence on fashion accessory

choices, with shoes (33.8%) and bags (24.2%) being the most influenced by occupational needs.

Belts show a moderate influence, while hats and watches are least affected by occupation-related

factors.

Influence of Occupational Role on Fashion Accessory Choices

The table below summarizes responses from 32 participants regarding whether their occupational

role influences their selection of specific accessories.

Factors Dictating Fashion Accessories Frequency Percent

Belts 35 10.6

Bags 46 13.9

Shoes 70 21.1

Hats 19 5.7

Watches 25 7.6
The analysis indicates the following trends:

 Shoes: Among the accessories, shoes exhibit the highest level of influence, with 21.1% of

respondents (70 individuals) affirming that their professional role impacts their shoe

choices.

 Belts and Bags: Belts and bags show moderate levels of influence, with 10.6% (35

respondents) and 13.9% (46 respondents), respectively, stating that their occupational

role affects their choices.

 Watches: A smaller segment of 7.6% (25 respondents) considers their professional role as

a factor when selecting watches.

 Hats: Hats are the least influenced by occupational roles, with only 5.7% (19

respondents) reporting an impact.

This pattern suggests that occupational roles significantly influence the choice of accessories like

shoes, belts, and bags, likely due to their functional and professional relevance in workplace

settings. In contrast, hats and watches appear less impacted, reflecting their optional or less

essential nature in professional environments.

Extent to Which Fashion Trends Influence Choice of Fashion Accessories

This below explores the influence of fashion trends on the purchase of different types of

accessories, including belts, bags, shoes, hats, and watches. Respondents rated how often fashion

trends affect their buying decisions using a coded scale: NE (Never) = 1, R (Rarely) = 2, S

(Sometimes) = 3, U (Usually) = 4, and A (Always) = 5. This scale allows us to quantify

responses and identify patterns in consumer behavior regarding fashion accessories. Each

accessory's responses were analyzed to calculate average ratings (mean values) and variations

(standard deviations), giving a comprehensive view of the role that fashion trends play in these

purchasing decisions.

Table: Extent to Which Fashion Trends Influence Choice of Fashion Accessories

Frequency /
Percentage

Sometimes

Usually

Always
Rarely
Never

Accessories

Total Mean STD

Belt f(n) 21 61 74 88 85 329
3.47 1.235
P (%) 6.4% 18.5% 22.5% 26.7% 25.8% 100%
Bags f(n) 13 20 76 128 88 325
3.79 1.035
P (%) 4.0% 6.2% 23.4% 39.4% 27.1% 100%
Shoes f(n) 10 14 46 61 194 325
4.28 1.056
P (%) 3.1% 4.3% 14.2% 18.8% 59.7% 100%
Hats f(n) 50 83 108 59 24 324
2.77 1.141
P (%) 15.4% 25.6% 33.3% 18.2% 7.4% 100%
Watches f(n) 45 58 79 66 78 326
P(%) 13.8% 17.8% 24.2% 20.2% 23.9% 100% 3.23 1.358

As illustrated in the table above;

  Shoes: Shoes have the strongest preference among respondents, with 59.7% indicating

they "Always" like shoes. This category has the highest mean score (4.28) and a

relatively low standard deviation (1.056), reflecting a strong and consistent liking for

shoes across the respondents.

 Bags: Bags show a notable preference, with 27.1% of respondents "Always" liking bags.

The mean score is moderately high (3.79), and the standard deviation (1.035) suggests a

relatively stable preference for bags across the respondents.

 Belts: Belts show a more balanced preference, with 25.8% of respondents "Always"

liking belts. The mean score is 3.47, and the standard deviation (1.235) reflects some

variability in responses, suggesting that while belts are liked by many, preferences are

more varied than for shoes or bags.

 Watches: Watches have a moderate preference, with 23.9% "Always" liking them. The

mean score is 3.23, and the higher standard deviation (1.358) indicates significant

variability in responses, with some respondents expressing strong liking while others do

not.

 Hats: Hats show the lowest preference, with only 7.4% "Always" liking them. The mean

score is the lowest (2.77), and the standard deviation (1.141) suggests a more varied

response, with a significant portion of respondents not strongly favoring hats.

This data indicates that shoes, followed by bags, are the most consistently liked accessories,

while hats and watches exhibit more mixed preferences among respondents.

Frequency of Purchase of Various Fashion Accessories

The table below explores the influence of fashion trends on the purchase of different types of

accessories, including belts, bags, shoes, hats, and watches. Respondents rated how often fashion

trends affect their buying decisions using a coded scale: NE (Never, R (Rarely), S (Sometimes),

U (Usually), and A (Always). This scale allows us to quantify responses and identify patterns in

consumer behavior regarding fashion accessories. Each accessory's responses were analyzed to

calculate average ratings (mean values) and variations (standard deviations), giving a

comprehensive view of the role that fashion trends play in these purchasing decisions.
Frequency /
Percentage

Sometimes

Usually

Always
Rarely
Never

Accessories
Total Mean STD
Bags f(n) 14 87 80 81 67 329
3.30 1.186
P(%) 4.3% 26.4% 24.3% 24.6% 20.4% 100%
Belts f(n) 1 45 105 112 64 327
3.59 0.964
P(%) 0.3% 13.8% 32.1% 34.3% 19.6% 100%
Shoes f(n) 7 19 55 87 162 330
P 2.1% 5.8% 16.7% 26.4% 49.1% 100% 4.15 1.030
(%)
Hats f(n) 45 122 89 47 23 326
2.63 1.106
P(%) 13.8% 37.4% 27.3% 14.4% 7.1% 100%
Watches f(n) 47 100 78 60 43 328
P(%) 14.3% 30.5% 23.8% 18.3% 13.1% 100% 2.85 1.252

As presented above, the analysis providing insight into the purchasing habits of respondents for

each item type;

 Shoes: Shoes are the most frequently purchased accessory, with 49.1% of respondents

indicating they “Always” purchase shoes and an additional 26.4% stating they “Usually”

buy shoes. This category has the highest mean score (4.15) and a relatively low standard

deviation (1.030), suggesting a strong and consistent frequency of shoe purchases.

  Bags: Bags also show frequent purchases, with 24.6% of respondents buying bags

“Usually” and 24.3% purchasing them “Sometimes.” The mean score is moderately high

(3.30) with a standard deviation of 1.186, indicating that bags are regularly bought by

many respondents, though the frequency is slightly less consistent than shoes.

 Belts: Belts show a varied pattern, with 34.3% of respondents purchasing them “Usually”

and 32.1% buying them “Sometimes.” The mean score is 3.59, and the standard deviation

of 0.964 reflects a generally consistent purchase frequency, though with some variation in

how often belts are bought.

 Watches: Watches have a moderate purchase frequency, with 30.5% of respondents

indicating they buy watches “Rarely” and 18.3% “Usually.” The mean score is 2.85, with

a higher standard deviation (1.252), showing more diversity in the frequency of watch

purchases compared to other accessories.

 Hats: Hats are the least frequently purchased accessory, with 37.4% of respondents

indicating they buy hats “Rarely” and 13.8% saying they "Never" purchase hats. The

mean score of 2.63, along with a standard deviation of 1.106, reflects limited demand and

infrequent purchases of hats.

This analysis highlights that shoes and bags are the most frequently purchased accessories, with

belts showing a moderate purchase frequency, while hats and watches are less commonly

bought.

Role of Fashion Accessories in Enhancing Garment Appearance in Clothing

The following table presents respondents' levels of agreement with statements about the use of

fashion accessories to enhance overall appearance in clothing. Responses are rated on a scale of

1 to 5, where 1 = Strongly Disagree (SD), 2 = Disagree (D), 3 = Undecided (UD), 4 = Agree

(A), and 5 = Strongly Agree (SA), and the results presented in the table below.

Frequency /
Percentage

Undecided
Disagree
Disagree
Strongly

Strongly
Clothing

Agree

Agree
Total Mean STD
I like using fashion accessories f(n) 6 15 14 148 147 330
because they improve my 4.26 .877
appearance P 1.8 4.5 4.2 44.8 44.5 100
(%) % % % % % %
I like using fashion accessories f(n) 7 20 54 169 78 328
because they create interest P 2.1 6.1 16.5 51.5 23.8 100
(%) % % % % % % 3.89 .910
where my clothes are simple
and plain
I like using fashion because f(n) 18 33 55 129 93 328
they provide interest to my
P 5.5 10.1 16.8 39.3 28.4 100 3.75 1.135
outfit making me stand out
(%) % % % % % %
from the crowd
I like using fashion accessories f(n) 8 34 54 144 90 330
because they create a different
3.83 1.020
look when worn to the P 2.4 10.3 16.4 43.6 27.3 100
garment (%) % % % % % %
I like using variety of fashion f(n) 199 31 31 136 113 510
accessories at different times
to give garment a different P 5.8 9.4 9.4 41.2 34.2 100 3.89 1.150
look (%) % % % % % %
As presented in the table above, the analysis reveal;

 Improving Appearance: A significant majority (44.5%) of respondents "Strongly

Agree" and 44.8% "Agree" that they like using fashion accessories to enhance their

appearance. This shows a strong and consistent appreciation for accessories as a means of

improving appearance, with a mean score of 4.26 and a standard deviation of 0.877,

reflecting minimal variation in responses.

  Creating Interest with Simple Garments: Half of the respondents (51.5%) "Agree"

and 23.8% "Strongly Agree" that fashion accessories add interest to simple or plain

outfits. The mean score of 3.89 and a standard deviation of 0.910 suggest a generally

positive view of using accessories to enhance simpler garments, with some variation in

how strongly respondents feel about this.

 Standing Out from the Crowd: This statement received mixed responses, with

39.3% "Agreeing" and 28.4% "Strongly Agreeing" that fashion accessories make their

outfits more noticeable. However, 10.1% "Disagree" and 5.5% "Strongly Disagree." The

mean score of 3.75 and a standard deviation of 1.135 indicate that not all respondents

view accessories as essential for standing out, reflecting diverse opinions.

 Creating a Different Look: About 43.6% of respondents "Agree" and 27.3%

"Strongly Agree" that fashion accessories help create a unique look when paired with

garments. The mean score is 3.83 with a standard deviation of 1.020, indicating a

generally positive view of accessories as tools to change one’s appearance, though with

some variability.

 Using Variety for Different Looks: Many respondents (41.2% "Agree" and 34.2%

"Strongly Agree") appreciate variety in fashion accessories, believing they can alter the

look of their outfits. This is supported by a mean score of 3.89 and a standard deviation

of 1.150, reflecting a diverse but positive view on the flexibility accessories offer.

Hypothesis testing Ho1

 This study aims to explore the relationship between clothing-related factors and the

consumption of fashion accessories among trainers at National Polytechnics in Kenya.

Specifically, it examines how occasion, appearance, fashion trends, and design style

contribute to explaining variations in accessory consumption. Hypothesis 1 (Ho1) asserts

that there is no significant relationship between clothing and the consumption of fashion

accessories by trainers at National Polytechnics in Kenya. Multiple regression model was

employed, the analysis investigates the influence of these predictors on fashion accessory

consumption with a significance threshold set at p-value ≤ 0.05. The results of the analysis are

presented below.

Model Summary
Model R R Square Adjusted R Square Std. Error of the Estimate
1 .672a .452 .445 .38078
a. Predictors: (Constant), Occasion, Appearance, Fashion_Trend, Design_Style

The model’s R-squared value of 0.452 indicates that 45.2% of the variance in fashion
accessory consumption is explained by the predictors—occasion, appearance, fashion trends,
and design style. This suggests that these clothing-related factors play a significant role in
influencing accessory consumption among trainers.
ANOVAa
Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
1 Regression 37.978 4 9.495 65.483 .000b
Residual 46.108 318 .145
Total 84.086 322
a. Dependent Variable: fashion_accessories_consumption
b. Predictors: (Constant), Occasion, Appearance, Fashion_Trend, Design_Style

The ANOVA results indicate that the overall regression model is statistically significant (F =

65.483, p < 0.001). This demonstrates that at least one of the predictors significantly

contributes to explaining variations in the consumption of fashion accessories.

Coefficientsa
 Standardized
Unstandardized Coefficients Coefficients
Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig.
1 (Constant) 1.858 .147 12.638 .000
Appearance .037 .027 .063 1.346 .179
Design_Style .094 .034 .138 2.750 .006
Fashion_Trend .065 .022 .148 2.984 .003
Occasion .314 .024 .556 13.123 .000
a. Dependent Variable: fashion_accessories_consumption

 Appearance: The beta (B) coefficient of 0.037 indicates that appearance has a positive

but statistically insignificant effect (p = 0.179) on fashion accessory consumption.

 Design Style: The beta (B) coefficient of 0.094 suggests a statistically significant and

positive effect (p = 0.006) on accessory consumption. This implies that trainers who

prioritize design style are more likely to increase their accessory consumption.

 Fashion Trend: The beta (B) coefficient of 0.065 indicates a statistically significant

positive relationship (p = 0.003). Trainers influenced by fashion trends tend to consume

more accessories.

 Occasion: The beta (B) coefficient of 0.314 highlights a strong, statistically significant

positive impact (p < 0.001). Occasion is the most influential predictor of accessory

consumption among trainers.

The regression analysis supports rejecting the null hypothesis (H₀₁) as there is a significant

relationship between clothing and the consumption of fashion accessories by trainers.

Occasion emerged as the strongest predictor, followed by fashion trends and design style.

These findings underscore the importance of clothing in shaping accessory consumption

behavior within National Polytechnics in Kenya.

 Factors that Influence Fashion Accessories Consumption

Personal Factors

The table below shows respondents' levels of agreement with statements related to personal

factors influencing their use of fashion accessories. Responses are measured on a scale of 1 to 5,

where 1 = Strongly Disagree (SD), 2 = Disagree (D), 3 = Undecided (UD), 4 = Agree (A), and 5

= Strongly Agree (SA) and descriptive statistics presented in the table below.
Frequency /
Percentage

Undecided
Disagree

Strongly
Disagree
Strongly

Agree

Agree
Personal Factors
Total Mean STD
I used fashion accessories to f(n) 12 30 57 153 79 331
make statement about myself
3.78 1.026
P 3.6 9.1 17.2 46.2 23.9 100%
(%) % % % % %
I’m guided by the image I f(n) 6 43 56 144 79
want to create when selecting 3.73 1.106
P 1.8 13.1 17.0 43.8 24.0 100%
and using fashion accessories
(%) % % % % %
I use fashion accessories to f(n) 20 62 69 120 57 328
communicate who I’m 3.40 1.156
P 6.1 18.9 21.0 36.6 17.4 100%
(%) % % % % %
I use fashion accessories to f(n) 29 77 42 109 72 329
make a statement about my P 8.8 23.4 12.8 33.1 21.9 100% 3.36 1.292
identity (%) % % % % %
My lifestyle dictates the f(n) 29 47 62 121 70 329
fashion accessories I use
P 8.8 14.3 18.8 36.6 21.3 100% 3.47 1.222

(%) % % % % %

The responses indicate that personal factors play a key role in the selection and use of fashion

accessories. A significant 46.2% (N=153) of respondents agreed and 23.9% (N=79) strongly

agreed with the statement that they use fashion accessories to make a statement about
themselves. The mean score of 3.78, with a standard deviation of 1.026, suggests that fashion

accessories are indeed a significant form of self-expression for many respondents, with some

variability in responses.

When asked about how the image they wish to create affects their selection of fashion

accessories, 43.8% (N=144) agreed and 24.0% (N=79) strongly agreed. The mean score of 3.73,

along with a standard deviation of 1.106, reflects a clear trend of using accessories to shape one’s

image, with relatively consistent responses.

In terms of communication and identity, 36.6% (N=120) of respondents agreed that they use

fashion accessories to communicate who they are, while 17.4% (N=57) strongly agreed. The

mean score of 3.40 and a standard deviation of 1.156 indicate that while accessories are

considered important in expressing identity, there is considerable diversity in how respondents

perceive this role.

Another statement, “I use fashion accessories to make a statement about my identity,” garnered

similar responses, with 33.1% (N=109) agreeing and 21.9% (N=72) strongly agreeing. This was

supported by a mean score of 3.36, suggesting that fashion accessories are moderately influential

in communicating identity. The standard deviation of 1.292 indicates that while many

respondents agree, there are some who may not feel as strongly about this aspect of

accessorizing.

Finally, when asked if their lifestyle dictates the fashion accessories they use, 36.6% (N=121)

agreed and 21.3% (N=70) strongly agreed, with a mean score of 3.47. This suggests that

respondents feel a significant connection between their lifestyle and accessory choices. The

relatively high standard deviation of 1.222 points to more variability in the responses, indicating

that while lifestyle plays an important role in accessory selection for many, it is not universally

prioritized.
The findings highlight that personal factors such as the desire to make a statement, create a

specific image, and express one’s identity are central to the way fashion accessories are utilized.

Respondents indicated that their lifestyle plays a major role in determining the types of

accessories they choose. Fashion accessories are not only seen as an enhancement to one’s

appearance but also as tools for communicating personal values and identity. While there is some

variability in the responses, the overall trend suggests that fashion accessories are a vital part of

self-expression for many respondents.

Social Factors Influencing the Utilization/Consumption of Fashion Accessories

Social factors also influence how individuals utilize fashion accessories, with many respondents

considering them as tools for social integration and status expression. However, the survey

results reveal mixed opinions on the extent to which social factors influence consumption of

fashion accessories.

Frequency /
Percentage

Undecided
Social Factors

Disagree
Disagree
Strongly

Strongly
Agree

Agree
Total Mean STD
I use fashion accessories to feel f(n) 24 10 35 107 62 330
acceptable among my reference
group 2
3.25 1.273
P 7.3% 30. 10.6 32.4 18.8 100%
(%) 9% % % %
I use fashion accessories to f(n) 40 85 45 120 39 329
identify with my social group
P 12.2 25. 13.7 36.5 11.9 100% 3.10 1.256
(%) % 8% % % %
I use fashion accessories to f(n) 53 10 47 85 36 329
communicate my social status 8
2.83 1.282
P 16.1 32. 14.3 25.8 10.9 100%
(%) 8
I use fashion accessories to f(n) 55 11 44 83 29 330
identify myself with others 9
2.73 1.251
P 16.7 36. 13.3 25.2 8.8 100%
(%) % 1% % % %
use fashion accessories to seek f(n) 83 12 39 65 21 330
approval from my peers 2
P(%) 25.2 37. 11.8 19.7 6.4 100% 2.45 1.237

% 0% % % %

The responses indicate that social factors are less significant in the use of fashion accessories for

most respondents. When asked if they use fashion accessories to feel acceptable among their

reference group, 30.9% (N=102) of respondents disagreed and 7.3% (N=24) strongly disagreed.

The mean score of 3.25, along with a standard deviation of 1.273, suggests that while some
individuals may use accessories to fit in, it is not a dominant trend, highlighting a more

individualized approach to accessorizing.

Regarding the use of fashion accessories to identify with a social group, 25.8% (N=85) of

respondents disagreed and 12.2% (N=40) strongly disagreed. The mean score of 3.10, with a

standard deviation of 1.256, reflects that fashion accessories are not primarily seen as tools for

group identification, with a larger portion of respondents not associating their accessory choices

with their social groups.

When considering the use of fashion accessories to communicate social status, 32.8% (N=108)

of respondents disagreed, while 16.1% (N=53) strongly disagreed. The mean score of 2.83 and a

standard deviation of 1.282 suggest that while a few individuals may view their accessories as

symbols of status, it is not a prevalent belief across the respondents.

The responses on using fashion accessories to identify with others were more evenly distributed.

25.2% (N=83) agreed, and 8.8% (N=29) strongly agreed, resulting in a mean score of 2.73. The

standard deviation of 1.251 indicates moderate variability, with some respondents using

accessories as a way to connect with others, while others do not prioritize this factor.

Finally, when asked if they use fashion accessories to seek approval from peers, 37.0% (N=122)

disagreed, and 25.2% (N=83) strongly disagreed. The mean score of 2.45, combined with a

standard deviation of 1.237, suggests that seeking peer approval through fashion accessories is

not a major motivating factor for the majority of respondents.

While some respondents use accessories to identify with others or convey social status, the

majority do not view fashion accessories as essential for fitting in or seeking approval. The

mixed opinions and relatively high standard deviations across the items indicate that social

factors vary in importance depending on the individual, with most not prioritizing these aspects

when choosing fashion accessories.

Cultural Factors Influencing the Utilization/Consumption of Fashion Accessories

Cultural factors play a significant role in the way fashion accessories are used, with individuals

incorporating them as symbols of beliefs, religion, ethnicity, and cultural identity. However, the

survey results indicate a moderate level of influence from cultural factors on fashion accessory

choices, with varying responses across different aspects.

Frequency /
Percentage

Undecided
Disagree
Disagree
Strongly

Strongly
Agree

Agree
CULTURAL FACTORS
Total Mean STD
I use fashion accessories to f(n) 31 13 51 72 42 330
communicate my beliefs 4
3.03 3.064
P 9.4% 40. 15.4 21.8 12.7 100%
(%) 5% % % %
I use fashion accessories to f(n) 60 13 35 73 25 331
identify myself with a certain 8
2.59 1.226
religion P 18.1 41. 10.6 22.1 7.6 100%
(%) % 7% % % %
I use fashion accessories to f(n) 84 11 46 54 28 328
communicate about my ethnic 6
2.47 1.268
identity P 25.6 35. 14.0 16.5 8.5 100%
(%) % 4% % % %
I use fashion accessories to f(n) 50 13 46 74 28 329
identify myself with a certain 1
2.69 1.217
culture P 15.2 39. 14.0 22.5 8.5 100%
(%) % 8% % % %
I use fashion accessories that f(n) 22 58 50 159 41 330
are acceptable in my P(%) 6.7% 17. 15.2 48.2 12.4 100% 3.42 1.117
community 6% % % %

The responses to the questions on cultural factors in the use of fashion accessories suggest that

cultural influences play a moderate role in the choices of many respondents. When asked if they

use fashion accessories to communicate their beliefs, 40.5% (N=134) disagreed and 9.4%

(N=31) strongly disagreed, while 21.8% (N=72) agreed, and 12.7% (N=42) strongly agreed. The
mean score of 3.03, with a standard deviation of 3.064, indicates that while some respondents see

fashion accessories as a way to express their beliefs, this is not a prevailing view across the

group, with significant variation in responses.

Regarding the use of fashion accessories to identify with a certain religion, 41.7% (N=138)

disagreed, and 18.1% (N=60) strongly disagreed. The mean score of 2.59, coupled with a

standard deviation of 1.226, suggests that fashion accessories are not widely used as a tool for

religious identity, with a significant portion of respondents not associating their accessory

choices with religion.

When considering the use of fashion accessories to communicate ethnic identity, 35.4% (N=116)

disagreed, and 25.6% (N=84) strongly disagreed. The mean score of 2.47 and a standard

deviation of 1.268 indicate that ethnic identity is not commonly conveyed through fashion

accessories, as most respondents did not see this as a primary purpose for their accessory

choices.

The use of fashion accessories to identify with a certain culture received similar responses.

39.8% (N=131) disagreed, and 15.2% (N=50) strongly disagreed. The mean score of 2.69, with a

standard deviation of 1.217, suggests that cultural identity is not a dominant factor for many in

choosing fashion accessories, though some still use them for this purpose.

Lastly, when asked if they use fashion accessories that are acceptable in their community, 17.6%

(N=58) disagreed, and 6.7% (N=22) strongly disagreed, while 48.2% (N=159) agreed, and

12.4% (N=41) strongly agreed. The mean score of 3.42, with a standard deviation of 1.117,

indicates that for many respondents, the acceptability of fashion accessories within their

community plays a significant role in their accessory choices. This is the most strongly supported
cultural factor, suggesting that community norms and expectations influence accessory selection

to a greater degree than beliefs, religion, ethnic, or cultural identity.

In conclusion, cultural factors, particularly community acceptance, appear to have a moderate

influence on the use of fashion accessories. While many respondents do not view accessories as a

means of expressing religious, ethnic, or cultural identities, the majority do consider community

norms when choosing what accessories to wear. The variation in responses across these items

points to individual differences in how cultural factors impact accessory choices, with a stronger

influence of community acceptance compared to beliefs and identity-related aspects.

Psychological Factors Influencing Fashion Accessory Consumption

The following table presents data on the psychological factors influencing the utilization of

fashion accessories. These factors include self-esteem satisfaction, personal style enhancement,

appeal and personality reflection, creativity and individuality expression, and the opportunity to

add a personal touch to style. Respondents were asked to indicate their level of agreement with

statements related to these psychological influences using a five-point Likert scale, Strongly

Disagree, Disagree, Undecided, Agree, and Strongly Agree.

Frequency /
Percentage

Undecided
Disagree
Disagree
Strongly

Strongly
Agree

Agree

Psychological Factors
Total Mean STD
f(n) 7 34 20 181 88 330
I use fashion accessories that
satisfies my self esteem P 2.1 10. 6.1 54.8 26.7 100 3.94 0.964
(%) % 3% % % % %
I use fashion accessory that f(n) 9 32 57 163 69 330
enhance my personal style and
P 2.7 9.7 17.3 49.4 20.9 100 3.76 0.980
(%) % % % % % %
add extra flair to my outfit
I use fashion accessories that f(n) 11 32 57 156 74 330 3.76 1.014
appeal to me and elevate my P 3.3 9.7 17.3 47.3 22.4 100
overall appearance and reflect (%) % % % % % %
my unique personality

Fashion accessories I use give f(n) 5 45 58 143 78 329

me an opportunity to express my P 1.5 13. 17.6 43.5 23.7 100 3.74 1.017
creativity and individuality (%) % 7% % % % %
Fashion accessories I chose
f(n) 10 27 41 164 89 331
allows me to add personal touch P(%) 3.0 8.2 12.4 49.5 26.9 100 3.89 0.991
to my style
% % % % % %

The responses to the questions on psychological factors in the use of fashion accessories indicate

that personal satisfaction, self-esteem, and the desire for self-expression play a significant role in

accessory choices.

When asked if they use fashion accessories that satisfy their self-esteem, 54.8% (N=181) agreed,

and 26.7% (N=88) strongly agreed. The mean score of 3.94, with a standard deviation of 0.964,

suggests that for many respondents, fashion accessories are a key element in boosting their self-

esteem, with relatively consistent responses indicating a strong trend.

Regarding the use of fashion accessories to enhance personal style and add extra flair to outfits,

49.4% (N=163) agreed, and 20.9% (N=69) strongly agreed. The mean score of 3.76, along with a

standard deviation of 0.980, suggests that accessories are widely seen as a tool for enhancing

personal style, although there is some variation in responses. Many respondents clearly value the

additional flair that accessories bring to their outfits.

In terms of using fashion accessories that appeal to individual tastes and elevate overall

appearance, 47.3% (N=156) agreed, and 22.4% (N=74) strongly agreed. The mean score of 3.76,

with a standard deviation of 1.014, points to a similar trend in the responses, indicating that

many respondents choose accessories that reflect their unique personality and enhance their look.

Again, there is moderate variability in the data.

The statement regarding the use of fashion accessories as an opportunity to express creativity and

individuality yielded responses where 43.5% (N=143) agreed, and 23.7% (N=78) strongly

agreed. The mean score of 3.74, with a standard deviation of 1.017, suggests that fashion

accessories are a significant means for many to express their creativity and individuality, though

the responses reflect some diversity in opinion.

Lastly, when asked if the fashion accessories they chose allowed them to add a personal touch to

their style, 49.5% (N=164) agreed, and 26.9% (N=89) strongly agreed. The mean score of 3.89,

with a standard deviation of 0.991, reflects that a majority of respondents see their accessories as

a way to personalize and enhance their style. The responses here are relatively consistent,

suggesting a strong alignment with the idea of adding a personal touch through accessories.

Overall, psychological factors, such as self-esteem, personal style, and the desire for self-

expression, play a significant role in the use of fashion accessories. Respondents generally agree

that accessories help enhance their appearance, express creativity, and elevate their overall style,

with the strongest alignment seen in the connection between fashion accessories and self-esteem.

While there is some variability in the responses, the overall trend suggests that fashion

accessories are considered important tools for personal expression and enhancing one's image.

Hypothesis Testing Ho2

Relationship Between Personal, Social-Cultural, and Psychological Factors and Fashion

Accessories Consumption

This section examines the influence of personal, social-cultural, and psychological factors on

fashion accessories consumption among trainers at National Polytechnics in Kenya. Hypothesis 2

(Ho2) posits that there is no significant relationship between these factors and fashion

accessories consumption. A regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the extent to which

these independent variables influence the dependent variable, fashion accessories consumption.

The findings are presented below.

Model Summary
Model R R Square Adjusted R Square Std. Error of the Estimate
a
1 .460 .212 .205 .45157
a. Predictors: (Constant), psychological, Social_Cultural, Personal

As presented in the table above, the R-Square value of 0.212 indicates that 21.2% of the variance
in fashion accessories consumption can be explained by the combined effect of personal, social-
cultural, and psychological factors. This suggests a moderate influence of these factors on the
dependent variable.
ANOVAa
Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
1 Regression 17.927 3 5.976 29.305 .000b
Residual 66.681 327 .204
Total 84.609 330
a. Dependent Variable: fashion_accessories_consumption
b. Predictors: (Constant), psychological, Social_Cultural, Personal

The ANOVA results reveal that the overall regression model is statistically significant (F =

29.305, p = .000), indicating that at least one of the independent variables significantly

influences fashion accessories consumption.

 Coefficientsa
Standardized
Unstandardized Coefficients Coefficients
Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig.
1 (Constant) 2.591 .149 17.346 .000
Personal .135 .032 .231 4.270 .000
Social_Cultural -.006 .028 -.012 -.227 .820
psychological .222 .036 .327 6.206 .000
a. Dependent Variable: fashion_accessories_consumption
Personal Factors:

The unstandardized coefficient (B = .135, p = .000) indicates that personal factors have a

statistically significant and positive effect on fashion accessories consumption. For every unit

increase in personal factors, there is an expected 0.135 increase in fashion accessories

consumption.

Social-Cultural Factors:

The unstandardized coefficient (B = -.006, p = .820) suggests that social-cultural factors do not

have a statistically significant effect on fashion accessories consumption.

Psychological Factors:

The unstandardized coefficient (B = .222, p = .000) reveals that psychological factors have a

statistically significant and positive effect on fashion accessories consumption. For every unit

increase in psychological factors, there is an expected 0.222 increase in fashion accessories

consumption.

The results indicate that personal and psychological factors significantly influence fashion

accessories consumption among trainers at National Polytechnics in Kenya. However, social-

cultural factors do not have a significant effect on consumption. These findings support the

rejection of the null hypothesis (Ho2) for personal and psychological factors while retaining it

for social-cultural factors.

Adoption of Sustainable Consumption:

Knowledge on Sustainable Consumption of Fashion Accessories

This section explores how knowledge impacts the adoption and consumption of sustainable

fashion accessories. Respondents were asked to indicate their level of agreement with several

statements regarding their awareness, knowledge, and desire to learn more about sustainable

fashion. The responses were recorded on a scale where SD (Strongly Disagree) = 1, D (Disagree)

= 2, UD (Undecided) = 3, A (Agree) = 4, and SA (Strongly Agree) = 5.

Frequency /
Percentage

Undecided
Disagree

Disagree
Strongly

Strongly
Agree

Agree
Knowledge
Total Mean STD
I have knowledge of sustainable f(n) 28 138 102 42 18 328
fashion accessories 2.65 0.994
P (%) 8.5% 42.1 31.1% 12.8 5.5% 100%
% %
I’m aware that by using sustainable f(n) 5 32 51 163 80 331
fashion accessories will help saved the P (%) 1.5% 9.7% 15.4% 49.2 24.2% 100% 3.85 0.948
environment %
I use sustainable fashion accessories f(n) 4 46 220 41 18 329
3.07 0.727
because I have information about them P (%) 1.2% 14.0% 66.9% 12.5% 5.5% 100%
I have information I need regarding f(n) 12 81 173 50 14 330 2.92 0.841
sustainable fashion accessories P (%) 3.6% 24.5% 52.4% 15.2% 4.2% 100%
I would like to learn more about f(n) 4 26 54 195 52 331 3.80 0.840
sustainable fashion P (%) 1.2% 7.9% 16.3% 58.9 15.7% 100%
accessories %
I’m familiar with sustainable fashion f(n) 46 174 63 36 8 327
accessories eco-labels P (%) 14.0% 53.0 19.2% 11.0 2.4% 100% 2.36 0.957
% %

The responses to the questions on knowledge of sustainable fashion accessories reveal varying

levels of awareness and understanding among respondents. While some demonstrate awareness
of the environmental benefits and express interest in learning more, others show limited

familiarity with specific aspects, as indicated below.

When asked if they have knowledge of sustainable fashion accessories, 42.1% (N=138)

disagreed, while 31.1% (N=102) were undecided. Only 12.8% (N=42) agreed, and 5.5% (N=18)

strongly agreed. The mean score of 2.65 and a standard deviation of 0.994 suggest a generally

low level of knowledge, with a significant portion of respondents indicating uncertainty.

Regarding awareness that using sustainable fashion accessories can help save the environment,

49.2% (N=163) agreed, and 24.2% (N=80) strongly agreed. The mean score of 3.85, with a

standard deviation of 0.948, reflects a strong consensus among respondents about the

environmental benefits of sustainable accessories, with relatively consistent responses across the

group.

In terms of using sustainable fashion accessories due to having information about them, 66.9%

(N=220) were undecided, while 14.0% (N=46) disagreed. Only 12.5% (N=41) agreed, and 5.5%

(N=18) strongly agreed. The mean score of 3.07, with a standard deviation of 0.727, indicates

that most respondents are uncertain about the influence of their knowledge on their usage of

sustainable accessories.

When asked if they have the information they need about sustainable fashion accessories, 52.4%

(N=173) were undecided, and 24.5% (N=81) disagreed. Only 15.2% (N=50) agreed, and 4.2%

(N=14) strongly agreed. The mean score of 2.92, with a standard deviation of 0.841, suggests a

moderate lack of confidence in access to sufficient information about sustainable accessories.

Respondents were more optimistic about learning opportunities, with 58.9% (N=195) agreeing

and 15.7% (N=52) strongly agreeing that they would like to learn more about sustainable fashion
accessories. The mean score of 3.80 and a standard deviation of 0.840 show a strong interest in

expanding their knowledge, indicating potential for educational interventions.

Lastly, familiarity with sustainable fashion accessory eco-labels was relatively low, with 53.0%

(N=174) disagreeing and 14.0% (N=46) strongly disagreeing. Only 11.0% (N=36) agreed, and

2.4% (N=8) strongly agreed. The mean score of 2.36 and a standard deviation of 0.957 suggest

that eco-labels are not widely recognized or understood among respondents.

The analysis reveal that, while respondents demonstrate awareness of the environmental benefits

of sustainable fashion accessories and a desire to learn more, their current knowledge and

familiarity, particularly with eco-labels, appear limited. This highlights an opportunity to

enhance awareness and education on sustainable fashion accessories to bridge the knowledge

gap.
Awareness on Sustainable Consumption of Fashion Accessories

This section addresses the respondents' awareness of sustainable fashion accessories. The

responses were collected on a scale where SD (Strongly Disagree) = 1, D (Disagree) = 2, UD

(Undecided) = 3, A (Agree) = 4, and SA (Strongly Agree) = 5. Below is an interpretation of the

data, including the mean and standard deviation for each statement.
/Percentage

Undecided
Frequency

Disagree

Disagree
Strongly

Strongly
Awareness

Agree

Agree
Tota Mean STD
l
I’m aware of sustainable fashion f(n) 10 47 215 46 12 330
accessories 3.01 0.742
P 3.0 14.2 65.2 13.9 3.6 100
(%) % % % % % %
I’m aware of how I can utilize sustainable f(n) 8 42 217 50 12 329
fashion accessories P 2.4 12.8 66.0 15.2 3.6 100 3.05 0.723
(%) % % % % % %
Increased education and awareness f(n) 4 19 33 238 36 330
can lead to more consumption of P 1.2 5.8 10.0 72.1 10.9 100 3.86 0.728
fashion accessories (%) % % % % % %
Social media made me aware of f(n) 12 33 47 211 26 329
sustainable fashion P 3.6 10.0 14.3 64.1 7.6 100 3.63 0.902
accessories (%) % % % % % %
Friends Informed Me About Sustainable f(n) 54 162 30 63 17 326
Accessories
P 16.6 49.7 9.2 19.3 5.2 100 2.47 1.133
(%) % % % % % %

Awareness of Sustainable Fashion Accessories

When asked if they are aware of sustainable fashion accessories, 65.2% (N=215) of respondents

were undecided, while 14.2% (N=47) disagreed and 13.9% (N=46) agreed. Only 3.6% (N=12)

strongly agreed, and 3.0% (N=10) strongly disagreed. The mean score of 3.01 and a standard

deviation of 0.742 suggest a moderate level of uncertainty, indicating that many respondents may

have limited or vague awareness of sustainable fashion accessories.

Awareness of How to Utilize Sustainable Fashion Accessories

Similarly, 66.0% (N=217) of respondents were undecided about how they can utilize sustainable

fashion accessories, while 15.2% (N=50) agreed and 12.8% (N=42) disagreed. Only 3.6%

(N=12) strongly agreed, and 2.4% (N=8) strongly disagreed. The mean score of 3.05 and a

standard deviation of 0.723 again reflect a notable level of uncertainty, suggesting a lack of clear

knowledge on how to incorporate sustainable fashion accessories into their lives.

Impact of Education and Awareness on Consumption

A strong consensus emerged regarding the potential of education and awareness to increase the

consumption of sustainable fashion accessories. A significant majority of respondents—72.1%

(N=238)—agreed, and 10.9% (N=36) strongly agreed with this statement. Only 10.0% (N=33)

were undecided, while 5.8% (N=19) disagreed and 1.2% (N=4) strongly disagreed. The mean

score of 3.86 and a standard deviation of 0.728 highlight a strong belief in the role of education

and awareness in driving sustainable practices.

Role of Social Media in Raising Awareness

The influence of social media in raising awareness about sustainable fashion accessories was

notable, with 64.1% (N=211) agreeing and 7.6% (N=26) strongly agreeing. Meanwhile, 14.3%

(N=47) were undecided, 10.0% (N=33) disagreed, and 3.6% (N=12) strongly disagreed. The

mean score of 3.63 and a standard deviation of 0.902 underscore the significant impact of social

media as an awareness tool.

Friends as a Source of Information

When considering friends as a source of information about sustainable fashion accessories,

49.7% (N=162) disagreed, and 16.6% (N=54) strongly disagreed, indicating that most

respondents do not rely on friends for such information. Only 19.3% (N=63) agreed, 5.2%

(N=17) strongly agreed, and 9.2% (N=30) were undecided. The mean score of 2.47 and a

standard deviation of 1.133 reflect a generally low reliance on friends as a primary source of

awareness.

Overall, the findings suggest that while social media and education are viewed as significant

drivers of awareness and consumption of sustainable fashion accessories, many respondents

remain uncertain about their own knowledge and how to utilize these products. Additionally,

friends are not widely regarded as a source of information, emphasizing the need for broader and

more formal channels of awareness.

Practice of Sustainable Consumption

The analysis of respondents' sustainable consumption practices provides a comprehensive view

of their behaviors and attitudes towards fashion accessories.

/Percentage

Undecided
Frequency

Disagree

Disagree
Strongly

Strongly

Practice
Agree

Agree

Tota Mean STD

l
I usually enquire about materials that f(n) 17 217 39 45 9 327
produce sustainable fashion accessories
when buying. P (%) 5.2 66.4 11.9 13.8 2.8 100 2.43 0.889
% % % % % %
I feel comfortable using recycled fashion f(n) 15 97 184 28 4 328
accessories P (%) 4.6 29.6 56.1 8.5 1.2 100 2.72 0.733
% % % % % %
I usually utilize fashion items I have f(n) 19 206 57 39 6 327
already used to make different fashion P (%) 5.8 63.0 17.4 11.9 1.8 100 2.41 0.842
accessories % % % % % %
I usually enquire how fashion accessories f(n) 19 87 176 37 8 327 2.78 0.814
 I utilize are P (%) 5.8 26.6 53.8 11.3 2.4 100
produced % % % % % %
I usually check for eco-labels when f(n) 27 210 47 35 10 329
purchasing sustainable fashion accessories P 8.2 63.8 14.3 10.6 3.0 100 2.36 0.891
(%) % % % % % %

When asked if they enquire about materials used in sustainable fashion accessories, a majority of

respondents—66.4% (N=217)—disagreed, and 5.2% (N=17) strongly disagreed. Only 13.8%

(N=45) agreed, and 2.8% (N=9) strongly agreed, with 11.9% (N=39) undecided. The mean score

of 2.43 and a standard deviation of 0.889 indicate a general lack of inquiry into materials,

suggesting limited curiosity or awareness of sustainability aspects.

On using recycled fashion accessories, 56.1% (N=184) of respondents were undecided, and

29.6% (N=97) disagreed, while 8.5% (N=28) agreed and 1.2% (N=4) strongly agreed. A

minority of 4.6% (N=15) strongly disagreed. The mean score of 2.72 and a standard deviation of

0.733 reflect moderate hesitation or indifference towards recycled items, highlighting an

opportunity for increased awareness or education about the benefits of recycling.

When considering whether they repurpose already used fashion items to create new accessories,

63.0% (N=206) disagreed, and 5.8% (N=19) strongly disagreed, while 11.9% (N=39) agreed and

1.8% (N=6) strongly agreed. Additionally, 17.4% (N=57) were undecided. The mean score of

2.41 and a standard deviation of 0.842 demonstrate minimal engagement with repurposing,

indicating that this practice is not common among respondents.

Regarding inquiries about how fashion accessories are produced, 53.8% (N=176) were

undecided, and 26.6% (N=87) disagreed, while 11.3% (N=37) agreed and 2.4% (N=8) strongly

agreed. Only 5.8% (N=19) strongly disagreed. The mean score of 2.78 and a standard deviation

of 0.814 suggest mild curiosity but insufficient commitment to understanding production

processes.
When asked if they check for eco-labels when purchasing sustainable fashion accessories, 63.8%

(N=210) disagreed, and 8.2% (N=27) strongly disagreed, while 10.6% (N=35) agreed and 3.0%

(N=10) strongly agreed. A further 14.3% (N=47) were undecided. The mean score of 2.36 and a

standard deviation of 0.891 indicate that checking for eco-labels is not a widely practiced

behavior among respondents.

The findings show that most respondents exhibit minimal engagement with sustainable fashion

practices such as inquiring about materials or production methods, using recycled accessories,

repurposing items, or checking for eco-labels. The dominant trend of disagreement suggests low

levels of awareness, and motivation. Efforts to promote sustainability could focus on education,

accessibility, and increasing the visibility of eco-labels to encourage sustainable consumer

behaviors.

Disposal of Fashion Accessories

The disposal of fashion accessories is an important aspect of sustainable consumption, as it

influences how resources are reused or discarded. Respondents were asked to indicate their

agreement with various statements regarding how they handle unwanted fashion accessories. The

findings provide insights into the common and less common methods of disposal.
Frequency /
Percentage

Undecided
Disagree

Disagree
Strongly

Strongly
Agree

Agree

Disposal
Total Mean STD
I usually give them f(n) 35 126 31 93 40 325
away (hand-me-
down) P 10.8 38.8 9.5 28.6 12.3 100 2.93 1.264
(%) % % % % % %

I usually burn them f(n) 28 117 27 113 38 323

P 8.7 36.2 8.4 35.0 11.8 100% 3.05 1.238
(%) % % % % %
I usually keep them f(n) 75 123 43 66 14 321 2.44 1.179
in my house P 23.4 38.3 13.4 20.6 4.4 100
 (%) % % % % % %
I usually throw f(n) 47 74 35 115 52 323
away P 14.6 22.9 10.8 35.6 16.1 100 3.16 1.339
(%) % % % % % %
I sell them f(n) 140 121 24 24 9 318

P 44.0 38.1 7.5 7.5 2.8 100

1.87 1.029
(%) % % % % % %

Giving Away (Hand-Me-Downs)

When asked if they give away fashion accessories as hand-me-downs, 38.8% (N=126)

disagreed, and 10.8% (N=35) strongly disagreed. Meanwhile, 28.6% (N=93) agreed, and 12.3%

(N=40) strongly agreed, with 9.5% (N=31) undecided. The mean score of 2.93 and a standard

deviation of 1.264 suggest that giving away fashion accessories is a moderately practiced

disposal method.

Burning Fashion Accessories

On whether respondents burn fashion accessories, 36.2% (N=117) disagreed, and 8.7% (N=28)

strongly disagreed. A total of 35.0% (N=113) agreed, and 11.8% (N=38) strongly agreed, with

8.4% (N=27) undecided. The mean score of 3.05 and a standard deviation of 1.238 indicate that

burning is a relatively common method of disposal.

Keeping Accessories at Home

When asked if they keep accessories in their homes, 38.3% (N=123) disagreed, and 23.4%

(N=75) strongly disagreed. Only 20.6% (N=66) agreed, and 4.4% (N=14) strongly agreed, with

13.4% (N=43) undecided. The mean score of 2.44 and a standard deviation of 1.179 reflect that

this practice is less common among respondents.

Throwing Away Accessories

In terms of throwing away fashion accessories, 22.9% (N=74) disagreed, and 14.6% (N=47)

strongly disagreed. On the other hand, 35.6% (N=115) agreed, and 16.1% (N=52) strongly

agreed, with 10.8% (N=35) undecided. The mean score of 3.16 and a standard deviation of 1.339

suggest that throwing away fashion accessories is a relatively frequent practice.

Selling Fashion Accessories

When asked if they sell fashion accessories, 38.1% (N=121) disagreed, and 44.0% (N=140)

strongly disagreed. Only 7.5% (N=24) agreed and another 7.5% (N=24) were undecided, while

2.8% (N=9) strongly agreed. The mean score of 1.87 and a standard deviation of 1.029 indicate

that selling is the least common method of disposing of fashion accessories.

The findings show diverse preferences in disposal practices. Burning and throwing away fashion

accessories were found to be relatively common, with moderate mean scores of 3.05 and 3.16,

respectively. Conversely, keeping accessories at home or selling them showed lower mean scores

of 2.44 and 1.87, respectively, indicating these are less common disposal methods. Giving away

fashion accessories received a moderate level of agreement, with a mean score of 2.93. The

results suggest that while some respondents engage in more sustainable methods, such as giving

away items, there is still significant room to promote eco-friendly disposal practices like

recycling or repurposing.
Reuse of Fashion Accessories

The practice of reusing fashion accessories involves finding new ways to extend the lifespan of

these items, thereby reducing waste and contributing to sustainable consumption. Reuse can take

many forms, from exchanging items with others to repurposing them for different uses. This

section explores how frequently individuals engage in different reuse practices when it comes to

fashion accessories, based on responses gathered from the survey as shown in the table below.
Frequency /
Percentage

Undecided
Disagree

Disagree
Strongly

Strongly
Agree

Agree
Reuse
Total Mean STD
I usually exchange f(n) 101 166 36 16 9 328
them with other 1.98 0.928
items (swapping) P 30.8 50.6 11.0 4.9 2.7 100
(%) % % % % % %
Use them for other f(n) 71 172 41 36 8 328
purposes
P 21.6 52.4 12.5 11.0 2.4 100 2.20 0.981
(%) % % % % % %
Repair and use them f(n) 49 189 47 38 6 329
again instead ofP 14.9 57.4 14.3 11.6 1.8 100 2.28 0.918
buying new ones (%) % % % % % %
I refurbish them to f(n) 59 190 48 25 2 324
become better items P 18.2 58.6 14.8 7.7 0.6 100 2.14 0.823
(%) % % % % % %
Revisit my f(n) 38 154 89 36 11 328
wardrobe to P 11.6 47.0 27.1 11.0 3.4 100
determine which (%) % % % % % % 2.48 0.951
other pieces can
coordinate with to
give a new look

Swapping Fashion Accessories

When asked if they exchange fashion accessories with other items through swapping, 50.6%

(N=166) disagreed, and 30.8% (N=101) strongly disagreed. Only 4.9% (N=16) agreed, and 2.7%

(N=9) strongly agreed, with 11.0% (N=36) undecided. The mean score of 1.98 and a standard

deviation of 0.928 indicate that swapping is a rarely practiced reuse method.

Using Accessories for Other Purposes

Regarding whether they use fashion accessories for other purposes, 52.4% (N=172) disagreed,

and 21.6% (N=71) strongly disagreed. Meanwhile, 11.0% (N=36) agreed, and 2.4% (N=8)

strongly agreed, with 12.5% (N=41) undecided. The mean score of 2.20 and a standard deviation

of 0.981 suggest that this practice is uncommon.

Repairing and Reusing Accessories

When asked if they repair fashion accessories for reuse instead of purchasing new ones, 57.4%

(N=189) disagreed, and 14.9% (N=49) strongly disagreed. Only 11.6% (N=38) agreed, and 1.8%

(N=6) strongly agreed, with 14.3% (N=47) undecided. The mean score of 2.28 and a standard

deviation of 0.918 reflect limited engagement with repairing and reusing accessories.

Refurbishing Fashion Accessories

On whether they refurbish fashion accessories to make them better, 58.6% (N=190) disagreed,

and 18.2% (N=59) strongly disagreed. Only 7.7% (N=25) agreed, and 0.6% (N=2) strongly

agreed, with 14.8% (N=48) undecided. The mean score of 2.14 and a standard deviation of 0.823

suggest that refurbishing is an infrequent practice.

Revisiting Wardrobes for New Combinations

When considering revisiting their wardrobe to find new combinations for a refreshed look,

47.0% (N=154) disagreed, and 11.6% (N=38) strongly disagreed. Meanwhile, 11.0% (N=36)

agreed, and 3.4% (N=11) strongly agreed, with 27.1% (N=89) undecided. The mean score of

2.48 and a standard deviation of 0.951 indicate moderate hesitation towards this practice.
The findings reveal limited engagement with most reuse practices for fashion accessories.

Swapping accessories had the lowest mean score of 1.98, showing it is the least common reuse

practice. Using accessories for other purposes (2.20), refurbishing them (2.14), and repairing

them for reuse (2.28) also demonstrated minimal adoption. Revisiting wardrobes to create new

looks had the highest mean score (2.48) among the practices examined but still reflects moderate

hesitation. These results highlight the need for promoting awareness and encouraging sustainable

reuse practices to reduce waste and extend the lifecycle of fashion accessories.

Recycling of Fashion Accessories

The practice of recycling fashion accessories involves transforming used items into new
products, extending their lifespan, and reducing the need for new resources. This section
examines respondents' engagement in various recycling practices and their perceptions of its
benefits, as summarized in the table below.
Frequency /
Percentage

Undecided
Disagree

Disagree
Strongly

Strongly
Agree

Agree
Recycle
Total Mean STD
f(n) 31 84 190 19 3 327
I recycle the items I
have to make P 9.5 25.7 58.1 5.8 0.9 100 2.63 0.772
completely new items
(%) % % % % % %
Recycling and f(n) 15 62 202 41 10 330
Environmental
P 4.5 18.8 61.2 12.4 3.0 100 2.91 0.780
Conservation
(%) % % % % % %
Extending the Life of f(n) 12 53 220 39 7 331
Fashion Products
P 3.6 16.0 66.5 11.8 2.1 100 2.93 0.710
Through Recycling
(%) % % % % % %
Extending Material f(n) 9 45 223 42 11 330
Lifespan Through P 2.7 13.6 67.6 12.7 3.3 100 3.00 0.712
Recycling (%) % % % % % %
f(n) 11 42 227 37 10 327
Recycling will help me P 3.4 12.8 69.4 11.3 3.1 100
declutter my wardrobe
2.98 0.707
(%) % % % % % %
Creating New Items Through Recycling

When asked if they recycle fashion accessories to make completely new items, 58.1% (N=190)

were undecided, while 25.7% (N=84) disagreed and 9.5% (N=31) strongly disagreed. Only 5.8%

(N=19) agreed and 0.9% (N=3) strongly agreed. The mean score of 2.63 and a standard deviation

of 0.772 indicate limited engagement with recycling for creating new items.

Recycling and Environmental Conservation

Regarding whether they perceive recycling as participation in environmental conservation,

61.2% (N=202) were undecided, while 18.8% (N=62) disagreed and 4.5% (N=15) strongly

disagreed. A smaller portion, 12.4% (N=41), agreed, and 3.0% (N=10) strongly agreed. The

mean score of 2.91 and a standard deviation of 0.780 suggest a moderate level of awareness of

recycling's environmental benefits but a lack of action.

Extending the Life of Fashion Products Through Recycling

When asked if recycling helps extend the life of fashion products and reduces the need for new

ones, 66.5% (N=220) were undecided. Meanwhile, 16.0% (N=53) disagreed and 3.6% (N=12)

strongly disagreed, with 11.8% (N=39) agreeing and 2.1% (N=7) strongly agreeing. The mean

score of 2.93 and a standard deviation of 0.710 indicate minimal active participation despite

moderate recognition of its benefits.

Extending Material Lifespan Through Recycling

Regarding whether recycling extends the lifespan of materials used in fashion accessories, 67.6%

(N=223) were undecided. A smaller portion, 13.6% (N=45), disagreed, and 2.7% (N=9) strongly

disagreed, while 12.7% (N=42) agreed and 3.3% (N=11) strongly agreed. The mean score of

3.00 and a standard deviation of 0.712 reflect mild acknowledgment of recycling benefits but

limited application.
Decluttering Through Recycling

When considering whether recycling helps declutter their wardrobe, 69.4% (N=227) were

undecided, with 12.8% (N=42) disagreeing and 3.4% (N=11) strongly disagreeing. Only 11.3%

(N=37) agreed and 3.1% (N=10) strongly agreed. The mean score of 2.98 and a standard

deviation of 0.707 suggest that while decluttering is a recognized benefit of recycling, active

recycling for this purpose is rare.

The findings show that recycling practices for fashion accessories are not widely adopted among

respondents, as evidenced by high levels of indecision across all items. Creating new items

through recycling had the lowest mean score (2.63), indicating it is the least practiced aspect of

recycling. Extending the lifespan of materials through recycling had the highest mean score

(3.00), suggesting slight recognition of its utility. Overall, these results highlight an opportunity

to promote recycling practices through increased awareness and education about their

environmental and practical benefits.

Upcycle of Fashion Accessories