NOTRE DAME OF MLANG, INC.

Garcia St., M’lang, Cotabato

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
S.Y.: 2024-2025

LESSON PLAN IN GENERAL MATHEMATICS

Date: November 14-15 & 18, 2024 Discussion

Lesson: Representing Rational Functions through
Tables, Graphs, and Equation. • Table of values – composed of values x and f(x)
Time Allotment: 135 minutes or y that satisfy the given function.

I. LEARNING COMPETENCIES
At the end of the period the students
will be able to:
• construct table of values for rational
functions;
• determine the asymptotes of rational
functions; and
• draw the graphs of rational functions.

II. LEARNING MATERIALS

Reference: General Mathematics • Asymptote – a line that a curve approaches but
Websites: link.quipper.com does not intersect.
Materials: worksheets Example
The line x = 3 is an asymptote of the graph below.
III. LEARNING PROCEDURES

DAY 1
A. INTRODUCTION
PRELIMINARIES
A. Prayer
B. Greetings
C. Checking of Attendance

B. INTERACTION
Activity 1: What will make it zero?
Methodology:
1. Group the students into four groups.
2. Provide each group with a copy of the following • Vertical Asymptote – a vertical line of the form
rational functions: x=a which the curve approaches but never touches
the vertical line passing through the zeroes of the
denominator of the rational functions are the
vertical asymptotes.

3. Instruct the students to find the zeros of the Examples:

denominators. x +2
The vertical asymptote of the function f (x)=
4. Then, tell them to evaluate each function using x−1
the is the line x = 1.
zeros of the respective functions. 2 x+ 5
The vertical asymptote of the function f (x)=
5. Let them analyze their answer and then ask them x +3
the guide questions below. is the line x = −3.
Guide Questions: • Horizontal Asymptote – a horizontal line of the
1. How were you able to find the zeroes of the form y = b which the curve approaches but never
denominators? touches
2. When the functions were evaluated using the zero To determine the horizontal asymptote of a rational
of its denominator, what did you notice about the p(x )
functions? function f (x)= , the degrees of the numerator
q (x)
3. Do you think we can use any number to substitute and the denominator will be considered. Let n and
to x ? Why or why not? m be the degree of P(x ) and Q(x ) respectively.
a. If n< m, the horizontal asymptote of f (x) is the while the degree of the denominator is 1. Thus, the
line y=0. case is n < m. So, the horizontal asymptote is y = 0.
an Thus, the vertical and horizontal asymptotes of
b. If n=m, the horizontal asymptote is y= , 5
bm f (x)= are x=1 and y=0 respectively. Its
where an is the leading coefficient of P(x ) and b mis x−1
the leading coefficient of Q(x ). table of values is presented below.
c. If n> m, there is no horizontal asymptote.
Examples:
2
x +1 DAY 2
1. The rational function f (x)= has no
2 x+ 1
horizontal asymptote. Example 3:
2 x+ 1 x +5
2. The rational function f (x)= 2 has its Sketch the graph of f (x)= .
x −9 x−3
horizontal asymptote at y = 0. Solutions:
3. The horizontal asymptote of the function In order to construct the graph of the function, we
3 x+1 3 have to first construct a table of values and then
f (x)= is .
4 x−1 4 determine its asymptotes.
• Oblique Asymptote – a line of the form y=mx+b 1. Construct the table of values.
which the curve approaches but never touches. Let us assign values for x. Note that x = 3 is not
Oblique asymptotes exist in a function if the degree included because it will make the function
of the numerator n is larger than the degree of the undefined.
denominator m , that is, n=m+ 1.

Example 1: 2. Substitute the values of x to the function to get

Construct a table of values for the rational function the corresponding values of f(x).
x +10
f (x)= .
x
Solutions:
1. Assign values for x. 3. Determine the asymptotes.
The function is undefined at x = 3. It means the
graph of the function will not intersect the line x =
2. Substitute the values of x to the function to get 3. Hence, the vertical asymptote is the line
the corresponding values of f (x). x = 3.
To determine the horizontal asymptote, we have to
observe the degree of the numerator and the
denominator. The degree of the numerator is 1 and
the degree of the denominator is 1 as well. As such,
Example 2: the case that we will use is n = m. Since n = m, it
Construct a table of values for the rational function follows that the horizontal asymptote is the quotient
5 of the leading coefficients of the numerator and the
f (x)= . Then, determine the vertical and
x−1 an
horizontal asymptotes of the function. denominator, or y= . The leading coefficient
bm
Solutions: of x + 5 is 1 and the leading coefficient of x − 3
1. Assign values for x. is 1. Thus, we can determine the horizontal
an
asymptote using y= .
bm
2. Substitute the values of x to the function to get an
the corresponding values of f (x). y=
bm
1
y=
1
3. Determine the asymptotes. y=1
5 Thus, the horizontal asymptote is y = 1.
The rational function f (x)= is undefined at
x−1 4. Sketch the graph.
x=1. It means the graph of the function will We can start by graphing the asymptotes.
not intersect with the line x=1.
Hence, the vertical asymptote is the line x = 1.
To determine the horizontal asymptote, we have to
determine the degrees of the numerator and the
denominator. The degree of the numerator is 0
 DAY 3
IV. EVALUATION

A. Determine the vertical and

horizontal/oblique asymptotes of the
following functions. (5 points each)
2 x+1
1. f ( x )=
x−1
3 x−5
2. f ( x )= 2
x −1
2
Next, plot the point in the table of values. Using ( ) x +9
3. f x =
the asymptotes as guides, connect the points using a (x−2)
2

smooth curve. Make sure that the graph should not 2

2 x + 4 x +4
intersect the asymptotes. (
4. f x = ) 2
( 3 x−1)
B. Construct a table of values for each of the
following rational functions If the value is
undefined, write u. (10 points each)

C. INTEGRATION
To integrate values and build connection to the real
world,
ask students the following questions:
1. What are the difficulties you encountered in this
lesson? How did you overcome those difficulties?
2. Why is it necessary to represent rational functions
in different ways?
For individual practice
1. Ask the students to answer the following problem
items individually using pen and paper.
V. ASSIGNMENT
2. Give students enough time to answer the problem
items. x +2
3. Call a random student to show his or her work on Draw the graph of rational function f ( x )= .
x−1
the board afterward. Write your answer in ½ cw. (20 points)
4. Let the student share how he or she comes up
with his or her solution.
-Construct a table of values for the rational function
2
x
g(x )
x+ 1
-Determine the vertical and horizontal asymptotes Prepared by:
x+ 1
of f (x) 2 . JOHN N. BAYLON, LPT
x −4 x +4
2 Teacher
2 x −5
-Determine the asymptotes of f (x)
x +1
3 x +1 Checked by:
-Sketch the graph of f (x) 2 .
x −6 x +9
MELINDA E. JORNADAL, LPT
Math Coordinator