ANUPAM SIR

MATHEMATICS CLASSES
( JEE, BOARDS & FOUNDATION )
FUNCTION PROBLEM SHEET (CLASS XII)
1. Show that the function 𝑓: 𝑁 → 𝑁, given by 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥, is one-one but not onto.

2. Prove that the function 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅, given by 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 , is one-one and onto.

3. Show that the function 𝑓: 𝑁 → 𝑁, given by 𝑓(1) = 𝑓(2) = 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 1, for every 𝑥 > 2 , is
onto but not one-one.

4. Show that the function 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅 , defined as 𝑓(𝑥) = x2, is neither one-one nor onto.

(𝑥 + 1), 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑑𝑑
5. Show that 𝑓: 𝑁 → 𝑁, given by 𝑓(𝑥) = { is both one-one and onto.
(𝑥 − 1), 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 𝑖𝑠 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛

6. Show that an onto function 𝑓: {1,2,3} → {1,2,3} is always one-one.

7. Show that a one-one function 𝑓: {1,2,3} → {1,2,3} must be onto.

1
8. Show that the function 𝑓: 𝑅∗ → 𝑅∗ defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = is one-one and onto, where 𝑅∗ is the set of all
𝑥
non zero real numbers. Is the result true, if the domain 𝑅∗ is replaced by 𝑁 with co-domain being same as
𝑅∗ ?

9. Check the injectivity and surjectivity of the following functions:

(i) 𝑓: 𝑁 → 𝑁, given by 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2
(ii) 𝑓: 𝑍 → 𝑍 , given by 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2
(iii) 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅 , given by 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2
(iv) 𝑓: 𝑁 → 𝑁, given by 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3
(v) 𝑓: 𝑍 → 𝑍 , given by 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3

10. Prove that the Greatest Integers Function 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅, given by 𝑓(𝑥) = [𝑥] , is neither one-one nor onto,
where [𝑥] denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to 𝑥.

11. Show that the Modulus Function of:𝑅 → 𝑅 ,given by 𝑓(𝑥) = |𝑥| ,is neither one-one nor onto, where |𝑥|
is 𝑥, if 𝑥 is positive or 0 and |𝑥| is −𝑥, if 𝑥 is negative

12. Show that the Signum Function 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅, given by

1, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 > 0
𝑓(𝑥) = { 0, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 = 0 is neither one-one nor onto.
−1, 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 < 0

13. Let 𝐴 = {1,2,3}, 𝐵 = {4,5,6,7} , and let 𝑓 = {(1,4), (2,5), (3,6)} be a function from 𝐴 𝑡𝑜 𝐵. Show that 𝑓
is one-one.

CENTRES : BALLYGUNGE, SALTLAKE, BARANAGAR CONTACT : 9831507315

ANUPAM SIR
MATHEMATICS CLASSES
( JEE, BOARDS & FOUNDATION )
14. In each of the following cases, state whether the function is one-one, onto or bijective. Justify your

answer.
(i) 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅 defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 3 − 4𝑥
(ii) 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅 defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 1 + 𝑥 2

15. Let 𝐴 & 𝐵 be sets. Show that 𝑓: 𝐴 × 𝐵 → 𝐵 × 𝐴 such that 𝑓(𝑎, 𝑏) = (𝑏, 𝑎) is bijective function.

𝑛+1
, 𝑖𝑓 𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑑𝑑 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑛 ∈ 𝑁
2
16. Let 𝑓: 𝑁 → 𝑁 be defined by 𝑓(𝑛) = { 𝑛
, 𝑖𝑓 𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛
2
State whether the function 𝑓 is bijective. Justify the answer.

𝑥−2
17. Let 𝐴 = 𝑅 − {3} 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐵 = 𝑅 − {1} .Consider the function 𝑓: 𝐴 → 𝐵 defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = ( ). Is 𝑓 one-
𝑥−3
one and onto? Justify your answer.

𝑥
18. Show that the function 𝑓: 𝑅 → {𝑥 ∈ 𝑅: −1 < 𝑥 < 1} defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 1+|𝑥| , 𝑥 ∈ 𝑅 is one-one and onto
function.

19. Show that the function 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅 given by f(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 is injective.

20. Find the number of all onto functions from the set {1,2,3, … … , 𝑛} to itself.

𝑥
21. Show that the function 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅 defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 +1 , ∀𝑥 ∈ 𝑅, is neither one-one nor onto.

22. Is 𝑔 = {(1,1), (2,3), (3,5), (4,7)} a function? If 𝑔 is described by 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝛼𝑥 + 𝛽, then what value
should be assigned to 𝛼 & 𝛽.

23. Are the following set of ordered pairs functions? If so examine whether the mapping is injective or
surjective.
(i){(𝑥, 𝑦): 𝑥 is a person , 𝑦 is the mother of 𝑥

(ii){(𝑎, 𝑏): 𝑎 is a person,𝑏 is the ancestor of 𝑎

24. If the mappings 𝑓 and 𝑔 are given by 𝑓 = {(1,2), (3,5), (4,1)} and 𝑔 = {(2,3), (5,1), (1,3)},
write 𝑓 𝑜 𝑔.

25. Let 𝐶 be the set of complex numbers. Prove that the mapping 𝑓: 𝐶 → 𝑅 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑏𝑦 𝑓(𝑧) = |𝑧|, ∀ 𝑧 ∈ 𝑐, is
neither one-one nor onto.

26. Let 𝐴 = [−1,1].Then, discuss whether the following the function defined on 𝐴 are one-one, onto or
bijective:
𝑥
(i) 𝑓(𝑥) = 2 (ii)𝑔(𝑥) = |𝑥| (iii) ℎ(𝑥) = 𝑥|𝑥| (iv)𝑘(𝑥) = 𝑥 2

CENTRES : BALLYGUNGE, SALTLAKE, BARANAGAR CONTACT : 9831507315

ANUPAM SIR
MATHEMATICS CLASSES
( JEE, BOARDS & FOUNDATION )
𝑥−1
27. If 𝐴 = 𝑅 − {2}, 𝐵 = 𝑅 − {1} 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓: 𝐴 → 𝐵 is a function defined by 𝑓(𝑥)=𝑥−2,then show that 𝑓 is one-
one and onto.

2 4𝑥+3
28. Show that the function 𝑓 𝑖𝑛 𝐴 = 𝑅 − {3} defined as 𝑓(𝑥) = is one-one and onto.
6𝑥−4

29. If 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅 is the function defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 4x3+7, then show that f is a bijection.

30. If 𝑓: 𝑋 → 𝑌 is a function. Define a relation 𝑅 𝑜𝑛 𝑋 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑏𝑦 𝑅 = {(𝑎, 𝑏): 𝑓(𝑎) = 𝑓(𝑏)}.Show that 𝑅 is
an equivalence relation on 𝑋.

31. Show that a function 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑏𝑦 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 ; 𝑎 ,b∈ 𝑅 , 𝑎 ≠ 0 is a bijective.

32. Let 𝐴 be any non-empty set. Then prove that the identity function on 𝑠𝑒𝑡 𝐴 is a bijection.

33. Consider the identity function 𝐼𝑁 : 𝑁 → 𝑁 defined as, 𝐼𝑁 (𝑥) = 𝑥 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑥 ∈ 𝑁.Show that although 𝐼𝑁 is
onto but 𝐼𝑁 + 𝐼𝑁 : 𝑁 → 𝑁,defined as (𝐼𝑁 + 𝐼𝑁 ) (x)= 𝐼𝑁 (𝑥) = 𝑥 + 𝑥 = 2𝑥 is not onto.

(𝑛 + 1), 𝑖𝑓 𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛
34. Let 𝑓: 𝑁 ∪ {𝑂} → 𝑁 ∪ {𝑂} be defined by 𝑓(𝑛) = {
(𝑛 − 1), 𝑖𝑓 𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑑𝑑
Show that 𝑓 is a bijection.

35. Let 𝐴 be a finite set. If 𝑓: 𝐴 → 𝐴 is a one-one function, show that 𝑓 is onto also.

36. Let 𝐴 be a finite set. If 𝑓: 𝐴 → 𝐴 is an onto function, show that 𝑓 is one-one also.

37. Show that the exponential function 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅 , given by 𝑓(𝑥) = ex is one-one not onto. What happens if
the co-domain is replaced by 𝑅0+ (set of all positive real numbers)

38. Show that the logarithmic function 𝑓: 𝑅0+ → 𝑅 given by 𝑓(𝑥) = logax, 𝑎 > 0 is a bijection.

39. A function 𝑓: [−4,4] → [0,4], is given by 𝑓(𝑥) = √16 −x2. Show that 𝑓 is an onto function but not a
one-one function. Further, find all the possible values of ‘a’ for which 𝑓(𝑎) = √7

40. Find the number of all onto functions from the set 𝐴 = {1,2,3, … . , 𝑛} to itself.

41. Give examples of two one-one functions 𝑓1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓2 from 𝑅 𝑡𝑜 𝑅 such that 𝑓1 + 𝑓2 : 𝑅 → 𝑅, defined by
(𝑓1 + 𝑓2 )(x) =𝑓1 (𝑥) + 𝑓2 (𝑥) is not one-one.

42. Give examples of two surjective function𝑓1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑓2 from 𝑧 𝑡𝑜 𝑧 such that 𝑓1 + 𝑓2 is not surjective.

43. Show that 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅 , given by 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 − [𝑥], is neither one-one nor onto.

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