2

GRADE

Conquering
Second Grade
Readi
Mathe ng
matic
s
Scien
Social ce
Studie
s
Writin
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Conquering
Second Grade
Reading
Mathematics
Science
Social Studies
Writing

Kristy Stark, M.A.Ed.

 Publishing Credits
Corinne Burton, M.A.Ed., President; Conni Medina, M.A.Ed., Managing Editor; Emily R. Smith, M.A.Ed., Content Director;
Lynette Ordoñez, Editor; Angela Johnson, M.F.A., M.S.Ed., Editor; Evan Ferrell, Graphic Designer;
Lubabah Memon, Assistant Editor

Image Credits
pp. 7, 22, 26, 34, 37, 64, 68, 82, 90, 113, 116 Illustrations by Timothy J. Bradley; all other images from iStock and/or
Shutterstock.

Standards
© Copyright 2010. National Governors Association Center for Best Practices and Council of Chief State School
Officers. All rights reserved.
© Copyright 2007–2015. Texas Education Association (TEA). All rights reserved.

Shell Education
A division of Teacher Created Materials
5301 Oceanus Drive
Huntington Beach, CA 92649-1030
www.tcmpub.com/shell-education
ISBN 978-1-4258-1621-6
©2017 Shell Education Publishing, Inc.

The classroom teacher may reproduce copies of materials in this book for classroom use only. The reproduction of
any part for an entire school or school system is strictly prohibited. No part of this publication may be transmitted,
stored, or recorded in any form without written permission from the publisher.

2 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 Table of Contents
Introduction Unit 6
Family Letter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Language Arts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82–87
Suggested Family Activities. . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88–91
Social Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Unit 1 Science. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Language Arts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7–12 Critical Thinking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13–16 Game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Social Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Extension Activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Science. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Critical Thinking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Unit 7
Game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Language Arts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97–102
Extension Activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103–106
Social Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Unit 2 Science. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Language Arts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22–27 Critical Thinking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28–31 Game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Social Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Extension Activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Science. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Critical Thinking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Unit 8
Game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Language Arts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112–117
Extension Activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118–121
Social Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Unit 3 Science. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Language Arts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37–42 Critical Thinking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43–46 Game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Social Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Extension Activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Science. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Critical Thinking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Unit 9
Game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Language Arts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127–132
Extension Activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133–136
Social Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Unit 4 Science. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Language Arts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52–57 Critical Thinking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58–61 Game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Social Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Extension Activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Science. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Critical Thinking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Unit 10
Game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Language Arts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142–147
Extension Activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148–151
Social Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Unit 5 Science. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Language Arts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67–72 Critical Thinking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73–76 Game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Social Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 Extension Activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Science. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Critical Thinking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Appendix
Game. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Answer Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Extension Activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Skills and Standards in This Book . . . . 165
Certificate of Achievement. . . . . . . . . . 168

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 3

 Dear Family,
Welcome to Conquering Second Grade. Second grade will be an exciting and
challenging year for your child. This book is designed to supplement the concepts
your child is learning in second grade and to strengthen the connection between
home and school. The activities in this book are based on today’s standards and
provide practice in reading, word study, language, writing, mathematics, social
studies, and science. It also features fun, yet challenging, critical-thinking activities
and games. In addition to the activity sheets in this book, the end of each section
also provides engaging extension activities.

Your child should complete one unit per month, including the extension activities.
This will allow your child to think about grade-level concepts over a longer period of
time. This also ensures that the book can be completed in one school year.

Keep these tips in mind as you work with your child this year:

• Set aside specific times each week to work on the activities.

• Have your child complete one or two activities each time rather than an entire
unit at one time.

• Keep all practice sessions with your child positive and constructive. If the mood
becomes tense or if you and your child get frustrated, set the book aside and
find another time to practice.

• Help your child with instructions, if necessary. If your child is having difficulty
understanding what to do, work through some of the problems together.

• Encourage your child to do his or her best work, and compliment the effort that
goes into learning.

Enjoy the time learning with your child during second grade. Summer will be here
before you know it!

Sincerely,

The Shell Education Staff

4 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 Suggested Family Activities
Extend your child’s learning by taking fun family field trips. A wide variety of
experiences helps develop a child’s vocabulary. Field trips also provide greater
context and meaning to his or her learning in school.

A Trip to a Zoo
Bring a blank paper on a clipboard with you. Fold the paper into four even squares,
and label them Desert, Ocean, Rainforest, and Forest. Have your child guess which
biome each animal belongs in and write the animal’s name in the right square. Then,
have your child read the information placard and determine if he or she is correct.

A Trip to a Museum
Your first stop should be the gift shop. Have your child pick five postcards of artifacts
or paintings in the museum. Then, as you visit the museum, your child should be on
the lookout for the five items he or she chose. It’s an individual scavenger hunt! If
your child finds all five items, you can celebrate the accomplishment! Plus, your child
gets to keep the postcards as mementos of the day.

A Trip to a Library
Ask your child about a new skill he or she is interested in learning. Your child can
then use the digital catalog to search for books about this skill that match his or her
reading level. Have your child choose two books about the topic, check them out,
and enjoy learning a new skill!

A Trip to a National Park

The National Park Service has a great program called Junior Rangers. If you go to a
local park, check in with the rangers at the visitors center to see what tasks your child
can complete to earn a Junior Ranger patch and/or certificate. Your child can also go
to the WebRangers site (www.nps.gov/webrangers/) and check out a vacation spot,
play games, and earn virtual rewards!

A Trip to a Farmers’ Market

Farmers’ markets are great places to learn how different fruits and vegetables are
grown. For each fruit or vegetable stand, have your child identify whether it is grown
in the ground, on a bush, or on a tree. Encourage your child to ask the seller or
farmer about the steps it takes to grow the plant. Have your child choose a fruit or
vegetable he or she learned about to buy and enjoy with dinner that night!

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 5

 Suggested Family Activities (cont.)
By discussing the activities in this book, you can enhance your child’s learning.
But it doesn’t have to stop there. The suggestions below provide even more ideas
on how to support your child’s education.

General Skills
• Make sure your child gets plenty of exercise. Children need about 60
minutes of physical activity each day. You may want to have your child sign
up for a sport. Or you can do fun things as a family, such as swimming,
riding bicycles, or hiking.

• Help your child become organized and responsible. Have places for your
child to keep important things. Take time to set up a schedule together. Use
a timer to keep track of time spent on different activities.

Reading Skills
• Set a reading time for the entire family at least once every other day. Help
your child choose a book at a comfortable reading level. Take turns reading
aloud one page at a time. Be sure to help him or her sound out and define
unfamiliar words.

• After reading, talk to your child about what he or she has read. Encourage
your child to share details from the books.

Writing Skills
• Set up a writing spot for your child. Have all of his or her writing materials in
one special place. Having a designated area to write will help your child see
writing as an important activity.

• Encourage your child to write emails, texts, or letters to friends and family
members who live near and far.

Mathematics Skills
• Encourage your child to practice telling time. Give your child an allotted
amount of time to do an activity he or she enjoys. Ask your child to use a
clock to figure out how long he or she has to do this activity. For example:
What will the clock look like when your 15 minutes of video games are up?

• Include your child in grocery shopping. Use the prices in the store to ask
your child questions. For example: Apples are 50 cents each. If you have
two dollars, how many apples can you buy?

6 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Read the text, and answer the questions. 1

+−×
Class Rules
My teacher has rules for our
class. The rules keep us safe

Reading
and make sure we can all learn.
One rule is to not run inside.
This rule was made so no
one will get hurt. I think my
teacher really cares about us.
The rules keep us in order, so
I follow them every day.

1 Who has to follow the 3 What is the root word

teacher’s rules? in teacher?
A the student A teach
B the teacher B each
C the principal C eacher
D the whole class D cher

2 Which new title best fits 4 What does the phrase

the text? in order mean in the text?
A “A Caring Student” A quiet
B “Running Is Not Fun” B in a line
C “Following the Rules” C behaved
D “Breaking the Rules” D in a circle

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 7

 UNIT

1 Directions: Read the text, and answer the questions.

−+
Safety First
“Why do I have to wear a bike helmet?” Lola asked.
Reading

“Your helmet helps keep you safe,” said her mom. “If you
fall, the helmet will protect your head. It is a law, too.
You could get a ticket if you are caught riding
without a helmet.”
“Oh!” Lola said. “I don’t want a ticket.
I will be safe and wear my helmet.”

1 What are Lola and her 3 How would the word

mom talking about? helmet be divided into
A head injuries two syllables?
B bike helmets A he-lmet
C tickets B h-elmet
D laws C helm-et
D hel-met
2 What is the main idea?
A It is easy to fall off 4 Which of these words
your bike. means the same as protect?
B Helmets protect A lose
your head. B expose
C Tickets are given if you C guard
break the law. D injure
D Wearing a helmet is
safe, and it is the law.

8 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Write each word. Then, write each word backward. 1

1 country 6 food

High-Frequency Words
2 every 7 between

3 add 8 last

4 plant 9 near

5 below 0 own

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 9

UNIT

1 Directions: Circle the word that is spelled correctly in each set.

1 flight flite flyte

“?”
“!”

2 taugh tawt taught

Language

3 squair square sqware

4 brought brot brawt

5 fixture fixter fixtcher

6 clewn clown cloun

7 needet neded needed

8 each eche eatch

9 watsh wach watch

0 fence fens fense

10 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Think of three of your friends. Write the name of 1

each friend. Then, list one thing you do with each friend.

My friend is: ________________________________________

Writing
What my friend and I do: _____________________________

My friend is: _______________________________________

What my friend and I do: ____________________________

My friend is: _______________________________________

What my friend and I do:_____________________________

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 11

UNIT

1 Directions: Describe a time when you played with a friend. Draw

a picture to go with your narrative. Use your notes from page 11
to help you.

Remember!
Writing

A strong narrative includes:

• an introductory sentence
• sentences that describe
the events
• names of specific people
and places

12 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Solve each problem. 1

1 10 – 7 = __ 6 6 + 2 = __

7 6

Mathematics
2 4
− 1
+ 5

3 8 8
+ 1
– 0
10

4 Find the difference 9 Find the sum of 4 and 2.

between 8 and 6.

5 10 – 1 = 9 – 0 8–4= +2

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 13

UNIT

1 Directions: Solve each problem.

1 Write the numeral. Each bundle has 10 sticks. _

Mathematics

2 Write the numeral.

2 hundreds 3 tens 5 ones

3 Write the numeral thirty-nine. __

4 Write the numeral. Each bundle has 10 sticks. _

5 Write the numeral sixty-seven. __

6 Write the numeral.

4 tens 2 ones

7 Write the numeral ninety-three. __

8 Write the number 71 in words. ___________________________

14 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Look at the example. Draw only the outline of each 1

base-ten block. Then, solve the problems.

Example: Draw hundreds, tens, and ones to show 243.

Number Hundreds Tens Ones

Problem Solving
243

Problems: Draw hundreds, tens, and ones to show 165 and 253.

Hundreds Tens Ones

165

253

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 15

UNIT

1 Directions: Show two ways to solve the problem. Draw only the
outline of each base-ten block. Then, answer the question.

1 Connor is using base-ten blocks to show 236.

Problem Solving

100 10 1

Strategy 1: Show the number using tens and ones.

Strategy 2: Show the number using hundreds, tens, and ones.

2 How are the two strategies different?

16 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Look at the types of transportation listed in the box. 1

Decide whether each type of transportation is used to move
people, goods, or both. Write each type of transportation in the
Venn diagram.

Types of Transportation

Social Studies
• car • train • scooter
• bus • bicycle • delivery
• cargo ship • airplane truck

People Goods
Both

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 17

UNIT

1 Directions: Follow the steps in this experiment to discover what

happens when ice melts.

What You Need

Science

• clear plastic cup • 1 ice cube

• water • marker

What to Do

1 Put an ice cube in your cup. Fill your cup halfway with
water. Draw a line on your cup to show how full it is.

2 Does the ice float or sink?____________________

3 Draw the water and ice in the cup.

Show how much of the ice is below
the water.

4 Draw your cup after the ice melts.

Show the water level and the line
you drew on your cup.

18 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Solve each riddle. 1

1 I am an even number between 324 and 328. What number

am I?

Critical Thinking
2 I am a shape. I have 4 right angles. I have 4 sides that are
equal in length. What shape am I?

3 I am an odd number between 2 and 7. If you add 6 to me,

you get a double-digit number. What number am I?

4 I am an even number. If you add me to 43, you get 67. What

number am I?

5 I am a shape with an even number of sides. I have six

vertices. What shape am I?

6 I am an odd number. I am the sum of 11 and 12. What

number am I?

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 19

UNIT

1 Directions: Roll three number cubes. For each roll, write a

three‑digit number that reflects the numbers on the cubes. Then,
draw a picture that shows how many hundreds, tens, and ones
are in each number. Use the example
below to help you.
Game

Number Blocks

421

20 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

+−×= 1
High-Frequency Words Activity
Write a funny sentence using the words from page 9.

Mathematics Activity

Extension Activities
Choose a three-digit number. Represent it in at least three
different ways.

Social Studies Activity

Look for different types of transportation as you walk or
ride to somewhere. Make a list of all the types you see.

Science Activity
Fill a plastic cup halfway with water. Mark a line to show
the water level. Place it in the freezer for one hour, and
observe what happens. Is the ice above or below the line?

Critical-Thinking Activity
Write ten of your own riddles. Give your paper to a family
member. Ask him or her to solve your riddles.

Listening-and-Speaking Activity
Write a speech about your favorite type of transportation.
Record a podcast of your speech to share with your family.

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 21

 UNIT

2 Directions: Read the text, and answer the questions.

−+
Felix’s Nature Box
Felix has a special collection. He adds many
items. They go into a nature box. He finds things
Reading

on walks. Items catch his eye. Some days, he

sees a rock. Other times, he finds a stick.
He sees pretty flowers. Felix is proud of
his collection.

1 Where does Felix find 3 What is the root word

items for his nature box? in collection?
A in a box A lection
B on his walks B coll
C at home C lect
D at school D collect

2 What is the main topic? 4 What does the phrase catch

A eyes his eye mean in the text?
B a collection A get his attention
C walking B poke him in the eye
D flowers C look at him
D sparkle in the sun

22 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Read the text, and answer the questions. 2

+−×
Sorting!
My teacher said that mathematics is all around us. I was
not sure what she meant. She told us to think about how

Reading
we sort toys at home. My teacher told us to put them into
different categories. My mom helped me. We sorted all my
toys into groups. I made a special chart that showed the
groups. My teacher really liked my work.

1 Who is the narrator of 3 What is the root word

the text? in showed ?
A a student A show
B a teacher B how
C a principal C howed
D a mom D owe

2 Which new title best 4 What did the teacher mean

describes the main idea? when she said mathematics
A “A Teacher’s Words” is all around us?
B “Fun with Toys” A Mathematics time goes
C on all day.
“Mathematics in the
Real World” B Mathematics work is
D never done.
“Categories at Home”
C Mathematics is about
what is in the air.
D Mathematics is found
in the real world.

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 23

 UNIT

2 Directions: Read each sentence, and highlight the words from

−×=
the Word Bank. Then, fill in the bubble next to the sentence that
makes sense.

Word Bank
High-Frequency Words

• school • keep • never • people • morning

• father • tree • house • brother • climb

1 A I like to keep my room clean.

B The house will keep on the corner.

2 A A school of fish swam in the sea.

B A school is where fish help people.

3 A The fish climbed the tree to get away from the cat.
B The tree in my yard fell during the storm.

4 A I have to ask my father if I can go to the movie.

B Dana can run father than her little brother, Tony.

5 A There are never 70 minutes in an hour.

B The sun never rises every morning.

24 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Fill in the bubble next to the correct answer. 2

1 What is the correct 5 Which sentence is correct?

“?”
contraction? A Jeff ’s work is very “!”
A weren’t special to him.
B B

Language
wev’e Jeffs’ work is very
C its’ special to him.
C Jeff ’s work’ is very
special to him.

2 What is another way to 6 Which contraction means

write a bone belonging to “cannot”?
a dog? A cann’t
A a dogs bone B ca’nt
B a dog’s bone C can’t
C a dogs’ bone

3 What is another way to 7 What is the correct

write the party of a friend? contraction?
A a friend’s party A Ih’ve
B party a friends party B Iv’e
C a friend,s party C I’ve

4 What is another way to 8 Which contraction means

write the book belonging to “she has”?
my teacher? A she’d
A my teachers book B she’ll
B my teachers’ book C she’s
C my teacher’s book

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 25

UNIT

2 Directions: Look at the picture of a scarecrow. In what ways is

it scary? In what ways is it not scary? Use words and pictures to
describe your answers to the questions.

Scary Detail Scary Detail

Writing

Not Scary Detail Not Scary Detail

26 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Do you think scarecrows are scary? Write a 2

paragraph stating your opinion. Include supporting details and
a picture to support your opinion. Use your notes on page 26 to
help you.
Remember!

Writing
An opinion paragraph
includes:
• an introductory sentence
stating your opinion
• support for your opinion
• a concluding sentence

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 27

UNIT

2 Directions: Solve each problem.

1 What is the place value of 7 in 71? __

2 Write the numeral for six hundred forty-three.

Mathematics

3 Write the numeral.

4 Circle the smaller number.

148 184

5 Write the numeral.

4 hundreds 1 tens 7 ones

6 Write the numeral.

3 hundreds 5 tens 6 ones

7 Write the numeral for two hundred seventy-two.

8 Write the numeral.

5 hundreds 8 tens 2 ones

28 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Solve each problem. 2

1 How many sides does the shape have? _ sides

Mathematics
2 Color the square.

3 Circle the hexagon.

4 True or false? A hexagon has 7 angles. __

5 Color the shape with 3 sides.

6 Draw the top view of the solid.

7 True or false? Rectangles have four vertices. __

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 29

UNIT

2 Directions: Look at the example. Then, solve the problems.

Example: Look at the base-ten blocks. Write the number of

hundreds, tens, and ones.
Problem Solving

3
_ 5
hundreds _ 4
tens _ ones

354
The number is __.

1 Look at the base-ten blocks. Write the number of hundreds,

tens, and ones.

_ hundreds _ tens _ ones

The number is __.

2 Look at the base-ten blocks. Write the number of hundreds,

tens, and ones.

_ hundreds _ tens _ ones

The number is __.

30 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education
 UNIT

Directions: Show two ways to solve the problem. 2

1 There are eight hundred forty-two students at Cleveland
Elementary School. What are two ways to write this number?

Strategy 1

Problem Solving
Expanded form:
_+_+_

Strategy 2
Number form:
___

2 How are the two strategies different?

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 31

UNIT

2 Directions: Read the list of character traits. Circle the traits

that are important for being a good leader. Then, answer
the questions.

Character Traits
Social Studies

• honest • hardworking • funny • rich

• fast runner • caring • dependable • smart

1 List four leaders in your school or community.

2 What traits do these people have that make them

good leaders?

3 How can you be a leader at home?

4 How can you be a leader with your friends?

32 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Follow the steps in this experiment to closely 2

examine pebbles.

What You Need

Science
• 10 pebbles • magnifying glass
• large, clear plastic jar • water

What to Do

1 Use a magnifying glass to look closely at one pebble. Draw

what you see.

2 Place all the pebbles in the plastic jar. Draw what you see.

3 Pour water over the pebbles. Draw what you see.

Pebbles in Jar Pebbles in Water

4 What changed? What didn’t change?

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 33

UNIT

2 Directions: Every mini-grid must have each shape.

Every column must have each shape.
Every row must have each shape.
Critical Thinking

34 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Play the game with two more people. Take turns 2
rolling two number cubes. Match your roll to a word on the
board. Write your initials in that row, and read the word aloud.
If you roll 12, write your initials in any row. The first person to
write his or her initials in all 10 rows wins.

Game
Roll Word Player 1 Player 2 Player 3

2 keep

3 house

4 school

5 people

6 brother

7 never

8 morning

9 tree

10 climb

11 father

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 35

UNIT

2 Mathematics Activity
Find different shapes while you’re at home or in your
community. Count the number of sides, and name
each shape.

Problem-Solving Activity
Extension Activities

Find numbers on signs, in books, and around your

neighborhood. Write the numbers in expanded form, as
words, and as numerals.

Social Studies Activity

Choose a leader from your school or community. Make a list
of all the reasons that person is a good leader. Then, write
and send a letter to the person explaining why he or she is a
good leader.

Science Activity
Have an adult break apart some pebbles with a hammer.
Use a magnifying glass to observe the insides of the pebbles.
Write and draw your observations.

Critical-Thinking Activity
Make your own sudoku grid. Use four shapes to make the
puzzle. Have a family member solve the puzzle. Hint: First,
make a completed grid. Then, copy it, but leave out shapes
from each row or column.

Listening-and-Speaking Activity
Interview a friend or family member. Ask his or her opinion
about what makes a good leader.

36 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Read the text, and answer the questions. 3

+−×
Max’s Cars
Max loves his toy cars. Sometimes, he plays with them
for hours. He has all different kinds of cars. Some of them

Reading
are race cars, and others are trucks. He plays many different
games with them. His friends like cars, too, so they trade
cars with each other. Max prefers his cars to any other toy
in the house.

1 What does Max like to 3 Which word has the same

play with more than his root word as preferred ?
toy cars? A performed
A clocks B preference
B trucks C referred
C games D referee
D nothing
4 Which of these words
2 What is the main idea? means preferred ?
A Max has friends. A asked
B Max likes race cars. B favored
C Max loves his toy cars. C chose
D Max trades cars. D decided

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 37

 UNIT

3 Directions: Read the text, and answer the questions.

−+
Different Flags
There are many different kinds of flags. They are
usually in the shape of a rectangle, but some are squares
Reading

or triangles. A flag can be held, or it can be flown. Some

flags are even twirled! Flags wave in the wind. They have
all sorts of designs on them. People hang flags to show
respect. They may want to honor a special day.

1 Which is the best new title 3 How many syllables are in

for the text? the word designs?
A “Flag Time” A one syllable
B “Show Respect” B two syllables
C “Flags for All Reasons” C three syllables
D “Twirling” D four syllables

2 According to this text, how 4 What else is in the shape

are flags used? of a rectangle?
A They are held. A a door
B They are flown. B a clock
C They are twirled. C a pizza slice
D all of the above D a cupcake

38 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Read each set of words. Circle the word from the 3
Word Bank. Then, use that word in a sentence.

Word Bank

High-Frequency Words
• saw • earth • light • thought • under
• city • eye • head • story • start

1 light, long, right

2 eye, down, most

3 over, any, city

4 start, just, old

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 39

UNIT

3 Directions: Fill in the bubble next to the correct answer.

1 Which shows a correct 5 Many plural nouns end

“?”
“!” singular and plural? in –s or –es. Which noun
A one car/two cars does not follow this rule?
B A sheep
Language

one table/two table

C one cats/two cats B hat
C adult

2 What would you call a 6 Many plural nouns end

large number of flowers? in –s or –es. Which noun
A a group of flowers does not follow this rule?
B a bouquet of flowers A cat
C a herd of flowers B table
C man

3 Many plural nouns end 7 Which shows a correct

in –s or –es. Which noun singular and plural?
does not follow this rule? A foot/foots
A toe B child/children
B finger C fish/fishs
C foot

4 What would you call a 8 What would you call a

large amount of ants? group of islands?
A an army of ants A a chain of islands
B a herd of ants B a herd of islands
C a flock of ants C a flock of islands

40 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Think about what happens during a bad day. Write 3

two things in each box that might make a day feel bad.

When you get up, …

Writing
When you arrive at school, …

At lunch, …

After school, …

In the evening, …

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 41

UNIT

3 Directions: Have you ever had a bad day? Describe what

happened and what you did to make the day better. Draw a
picture to go with your narrative. Use your notes on page 41 to
help you.
Writing

Remember!

A strong narrative:
• tells a story
• has a beginning, a middle,
and an end
• includes descriptive details

42 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Solve each problem. 3

1 Circle the object that is shorter
than 1 meter in height.

Mathematics
2 Circle the object that would be
taller than 1 meter.

3 Is an elephant taller or shorter

than 1 yard?

4 Circle the best estimate for

the height.
10 meters 2 meters

5 Circle the object that is shorter

than 1 meter.

6 Is a door less than 1 meter or

more than 1 meter?

7 Circle the best estimate.

1 meter 5 meters

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 43

UNIT

3 Directions: Solve each problem.

1 Write the time shown. 5 Show 4:30.

Mathematics

half past ______________

2 Write the time. 6 Write the time.

: :

3 Write the time shown. 7 Write the time.

half past ______________

4 Show 1:00. 8 Show 7:30.

44 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Read and solve the problem. 3

Mr. Rios has two cows on

his farm. One cow weighs
732 pounds. Another 100 10 1

cow weighs 832 pounds.

Problem Solving
Compare the weights
using >, <, or =.

1 What do you know about the problem?

2 What do you need to find?

3 How many hundreds, tens, and ones are in 732 and 832?

732 = _ hundreds _ tens _ ones

832 = _ hundreds _ tens _ ones

4 732 832

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 45

UNIT

3 Directions: Read and solve the problem.

Problem: Mr. Andrews has two cows on his farm. One cow weighs
951 pounds. Another cow weighs 915 pounds. Compare the
weights using >, <, or =.
Problem Solving

List What You Know Make a Plan

Solve the Problem Look Back and Explain

_ _

46 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Draw a map of your neighborhood in the grid below. 3

Use symbols to show your home, stores, and parks. Label your
symbols in the key.

Social Studies

Map Key

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 47

UNIT

3 Directions: Check the moon once a week for four weeks. Draw it
each week.

Week 1 Week 2
Science

Week 3 Week 4

What conclusions can you draw?

48 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Create a secret code with numbers or symbols. 3

Assign one number or symbol to each letter of the alphabet.
Then, use your code to write a secret message.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M

Critical Thinking
N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Your Message

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 49

UNIT

3 Directions: Play the game with a partner. Each player should

place a small object at the start. Take turns rolling a number cube.
Move your object the number of spaces that you roll. In the space
that you land, tell which punctuation mark (. ? !) completes the
sentence. If you are correct, stay on that space. If you answer
incorrectly, move back one space. The first player to reach the finish
Game

line wins.

When How many

will you baseball
be back cards do
My mom you have
Marta walked
is very sick at school to the store

St
ar
t I can’t
wait to go
camping

Did you
finish your
That’s My fav
homework
exciting o
ice cre rite
am
Will yo flavor i
u s Where is
help m chocol
e ate he going
carry th
i
heavy s
b ox

Ouch
Fi ni s

How can I Are we

help you Science is there
I do not
my favorite yet
h

feel well
subject

50 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

+−×= 3
High-Frequency Words Activity
Use magnetic letters or letter tiles to create each word from
the Word Bank on page 39. Read each word aloud.

Extension Activities
Mathematics Activity
Choose five items from your home. Estimate the length of
each item. Then, use a ruler or a tape measure to find the
actual length of each item.

Problem-Solving Activity
Look for numbers around your home or neighborhood.
Compare the numbers to determine which are greater.

Social Studies Activity

Draw and label a map of your bedroom. Be sure to include
doors, windows, and furniture. Use a key to describe any
symbols you use.

Critical-Thinking Activity
Give your code from page 49 to a family member. Ask him
or her to write a sentence with your code. Then, decode
the sentence.

Listening-and-Speaking Activity
Choose a favorite animal. Record yourself discussing
at least two facts about that animal. Use at least two
adjectives to describe the animal.

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 51

 UNIT

4 Directions: Read the text, and answer the questions.

−+
An Amazing Day at the Beach
The young girl walked on the beach. She noticed
something moving in the water. But she was not
Reading

sure what it was. Could it be a dolphin, a shark,

or a whale? It had an interesting fin. She kept
her eye on the same spot. Then, from the
water emerged the head of a beautiful girl.
She realized something amazing. She had
just seen a mermaid!

1 What happened right after 3 How many syllables are in

the girl saw the fin? the word amazing?
A She knew it was A one syllable
a mermaid. B two syllables
B She saw a head. C three syllables
C She kept her eye on the D four syllables
same spot.
D She screamed. 4 Which word means
realized ?
2 How do you know the text A mentioned
is fantasy? B found
A Young girls don’t walk C breathed
on the beach alone.
D understood
B Mermaids are not real.
C Mermaids are not girls.
D Sharks and whales
eat mermaids.

52 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Read the text, and answer the questions. 4

+−×
The Olympic Games
The Olympic Games are a sporting event. They happen
every two years. Athletes compete from around the

Reading
world. They compete for medals. There are
summer games and winter games. The
athletes are the best in their sports.
People all over the world like to
watch. They root for their countries!

1 What is the main topic? 3 Which word has the same

A sports root word as sporting?
B the Olympic Games A snorting
C athletes B sports
D summer and C chatting
winter games D port

2 Which does NOT describe 4 Which word means to try

the Olympic Games? to win?
A a sporting event in A watch
summer and winter B root
B a sporting event with C compete
countries competing D happen
against one another
C a sporting event that
no one watches
D a sporting event with
medals for the winners
© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 53
 UNIT

4 Directions: Unscramble each word. Use the Word Bank to

−×=
help you.

Word Bank
High-Frequency Words

• left • few • along • fast • with

• next • while • slow • them • how

1 sfta 6 tihw

2 wef 7 tlfe

3 owh 8 ilweh

4 nalog 9 tnxe

5 olsw 0 mhte

54 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Read and answer each question. 4

1 Rewrite the sentence using an apostrophe.

“?”
“!”
The pool belonging to Mario felt ver y refreshing on
a hot day.

Language
2 Add apostrophes to the sentence.
Drivers dont always know when a cars gas is
almost out.

3 Add apostrophes to the following contractions.

doesnt wont havent

4 Circle the contraction in the sentence.

The students should’ve studied harder for the
challenging test.

5 Use an apostrophe to write the petal on the flower in

another way.

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 55

UNIT

4 Directions: List at least three ideas in each column.

The Beach
What I Like What I Don’t Like
Writing

The Park
What I Like What I Don’t Like

56 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Do you prefer the beach or the park? Explain why, 4

using strong supporting details. Draw a picture to support your
opinion. Use your notes on page 56 to help you.

Remember!

Writing
An opinion paragraph
includes:
• an introductory sentence
that states your opinion
• details to support your ideas
• a concluding sentence

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 57

UNIT

4 Directions: Solve each problem.

1 Who checked out the most 3 How many trains were sold
library books during the on the weekdays?
second week?
Mathematics

Library Books Checked Out Toy Train Sales Last week

Week Week Week Mon.
1 2 3
Tues.
Joey 4 5 5
Wed.
Emily 4 4 4
Thurs.
Brenda 5 7 6 Fri.
Allison 6 3 6 Sat.
Sun.

Key: = one train

2 Who caught the 4 Which children do not

fewest fish? play soccer?

Fish Caught Sports Played

Ginny Soccer Swimming Volleyball
Children

Karen Mark X X

David Tracy X
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Mike X X
Number of Fish

58 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Solve each subtraction problem. The first one is 4

done for you.

1 6 − 1 = 5

Mathematics
2 − =

3 − =

4 − =

5 − =

6 − =

7 − =

8 − =

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 59

UNIT

4 Directions: Look at the example. Then, solve the problem using

a number line.

Example: Jasper has 16 red marbles and 5 purple marbles. How

many marbles does he have in all? Write a number sentence to
show the answer, and show your work on the number line.
Problem Solving

+ 5

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

16 + 5 = 21
______________________________________________________

1 Jessica has 12 red marbles and 7 purple marbles. How many

marbles does she have in all? Write a number sentence to
show the answer, and show your work on the number line.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

____________________________________________________

2 She buys 5 white marbles. How many marbles does she have
in all now? Write a number sentence to show the answer.
Show your work on the number line above.

60 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Show two ways to solve the problem. 4

1 Sophia has 26 red crayons. She has 12 blue crayons. How

many crayons does Sophia have altogether?

Problem Solving
Strategy 1: Use the ten frames to solve the problem.

Strategy 2: Start with 26 and count on to solve

the problem.

26 _ _ _ _

____

____

2 Which strategy do you think is easier? Explain

your reasoning.

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 61

UNIT

4 Directions: Match each person in the first column with his or her
responsibility in the second column. Hint: Some people may
have more than one responsibility.

teacher keep the community safe

Social Studies

child respond to emergencies

parent provide food, shelter, and clothing

police officer do homework

firefighter keep students safe

principal provide customer service

store clerk keep people healthy

doctor drive people around the city

nurse keep bedroom clean

bus driver put out fires

Write about one thing you are responsible for doing at home.

62 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Follow the steps in this experiment to discover how 4

seeds are different.

What You Need

Science
• many different seeds • jar with lid

What to Do

1 Put all the seeds in a jar.

2 Choose a seed. Take it out, and look at it carefully.

3 Draw a picture of your seed.

4 Put the seed back in the jar. Shake the seeds around.

5 Try to find your seed again. How do you know it’s the
same seed?

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 63

UNIT

4 Directions: Look at each puzzle. Write the word or phrase that

each puzzle represents.

1 4
Critical Thinking

2 5

3 6

64 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Take turns rolling two number cubes with a partner. 4

After each roll, add the numbers on the cubes. Match the sum to
the word in the chart, and add a tally mark next to it. Read the
word in a robot voice. Keep rolling until you have each rolled
20 times.

Game
Roll Word Tallies
2 left
3 next
4 few
5 while
6 along
7 slow
8 fast
9 them
10 with
11 how
12 robot

1 Which word(s) did you roll the most?

2 Which word(s) did you roll the least?

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 65

UNIT

4 Writing Activity
Write a paragraph about your least favorite place to visit.
Include reasons why you don’t like it and why other people
should not visit this place.

Mathematics Activity
Extension Activities

Ask your family and friends about their favorite ice cream
flavors. Use their answers to create a bar graph that shows
how many people like each flavor.

Social Studies Activity

Make a list of ways that you can be responsible at home.
Ask your parents to review the list to see if there are any
responsibilities they want you to add. Post the list in
your home to remind you of the things you need to do to
be responsible.

Science Activity
Plant several different seeds in separate containers of
soil. Give them a little water each day. Observe them as
they begin to grow. How are the plants alike? How are
they different?

Critical-Thinking Activity
Create your own word puzzle. Have a friend or a family
member solve your puzzle.

Listening-and-Speaking Activity
Tell your family about your favorite sport or game. Be sure
to include at least two reasons to support your opinion
about why it is your favorite.

66 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Read the text, and answer the questions. 5

+−×
Acting Strange
Jesse walked down the street and kept his eyes on the
ground. “What are you doing, Jesse?” his mom asked. She

Reading
was perplexed. Jesse kept hopping over something.
“I’m trying to avoid the cracks, Mom,” said Jesse. He
was trying not to step on each crack in the sidewalk, and it
was difficult. He thought something bad might happen if
he stepped on a crack. He was being superstitious.

1 Why is Jesse keeping his 3 Which root word with

eyes on the ground? an –ed ending is not in
A He does not want to the text?
talk to his mom. A walk
B He is looking for cracks B perplex
in the sidewalk. C step
C He is looking for insects D work
to step on.
D He is trying to be good. 4 What is an example of
being superstitious?
2 Why is Jesse avoiding A wearing a bicycle helmet
sidewalk cracks? B never choosing unlucky
A He thinks something number 13
bad might happen. C not watching television
B He likes to hop. for a week
C He is frustrated with D walking backwards out
his mom. of a room
D He cannot see them.
© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 67
 UNIT

5 Directions: Read the text, and answer the questions.

−+
Dinosaurs
Dinosaurs used to roam Earth. Now, they are gone. We
do not know for sure where they went or what happened
Reading

to them. Scientists have theories. Some say an asteroid

hit Earth, while others think a disease spread among the
dinosaurs. An ice age may have started it all. We may
never know for sure what happened.

1 What is the main idea of 3 What is the root word

this text? in started ?
A Scientists develop A tart
theories. B start
B The reason dinosaurs C ted
are gone is a mystery. D art
C Asteroids hit Earth.
D An ice age may 4 Which word is a synonym
have happened. for roam?
A destroy
2 Which idea is NOT B attack
suggested as a reason why
dinosaurs are gone?
C rule
A a disease
D travel
B an asteroid
C an ice age
D a volcanic eruption

68 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Write the correct word from the Word Bank to 5

complete each sentence. Then, write your own sentence using
one of the words.

Word Bank

High-Frequency Words
• hard • example • life • those • paper
• open • begin • always • both • together

1 The jar was __ to open.

2 The movie will __ in ten minutes.

3 I have lived in the country my whole __.

4 The gate to the backyard was left __.

5 I followed the __ in the directions.

6 The __ is on the desk.

7 __ eat a healthy breakfast.

8 I think __ of these puppies are cute.

9 Can I have some of __ yummy cookies?

0 He likes to mix paint colors __.

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 69

UNIT

5 Directions: Answer each question.

1 Complete the sentence with a noun and an adverb.

“?”
“!”
A swarm of __ moved
Language

__.

2 Write a sentence using the adjective young.

3 Circle the adverbs in the sentence.

Kara lovingly hugged her brother before he quickly
walked to the bus stop.

4 Write a sentence using the word bunch to describe

several objects.

5 Complete the sentence with a noun and an adverb.

A litter of __ ran __.

6 Complete the sentence with a noun and an adverb.

A choir of __ sang __.

70 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Circle the turtles with information that could be 5

included in an informative/explanatory paragraph about turtles.

Turtles are
reptiles.

Writing
Turtles
are rather
strange
looking.

Turtles lay eggs.

My brother
likes turtles.
Some turtles
live on land
and others
in water. Turtles have
upper and
lower shells.

Turtle shells
have different
designs. Turtles are
cold blooded.

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 71

UNIT

5 Directions: Write an informative/explanatory paragraph about

turtles. Draw a picture to support your writing. Use the notes
from page 71 to help you.

Remember!
Writing

A strong informative/explanatory
paragraph should:
• include only relevant information
• have an introductory and a
concluding sentence
• use details to support the topic

72 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Solve each problem. 5

1 Cami has 23 shells in her 4 Pearl scored 23 points in

collection. How many the game she was playing.
shells will she have if she Then, she scored 42 more
doubles her collection? points. How many points

Mathematics
did she score altogether?

2 A survey was taken to see 5 A survey was taken by

which places kids like best. the cafeteria manager. It
There were 67 kids who showed that 83 children
liked the beach. There like pizza and 57 like
were 99 kids who liked the spaghetti. How many
aquarium. There were 46 more children like pizza
kids who liked the zoo. than spaghetti?
How many more kids liked
the beach than the zoo?

3 Kristy has a sticker 6 Twila has 6 toy ponies,

collection with 23 glitter 5 toy puppies, and 7 toy
stickers, 56 puffy stickers, kitties. How many toy
and 14 scratch-n-sniff animals does she have
stickers. If she gets 16 in all?
more glitter stickers, how
many glitter stickers will
she have in all?

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 73

UNIT

5 Directions: Solve each problem.

1 What is 35¢ more than 5 What is 12¢ less than

3 dimes and 2 nickels? 2 quarters?
Mathematics

2 You have 34 trading cards. 6 Brady gets 25¢ each

You win 15 more in a day in allowance. How
game. Then, you lose 12. much money does he get
How many trading cards each week?
do you have now?

3 Jack has 15 quarters, 7 A banana costs 19¢, an

3 dimes, and 7 pennies. If apple costs 26¢, and a
he gets 6 more dimes, how pear costs 35¢. Rita has
many dimes will he have? 65¢. Can she buy all three
pieces of fruit?

4 Tina wants to buy a doll 8 You have 62¢ in your piggy

that costs $13.00. She bank. Your mom gives
gets $2.00 every week in you a quarter and a dime.
her allowance. How many You spend 35¢. How much
weeks will she have to save money do you have left?
her allowance so she can
buy the doll?

74 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Read and solve the problem. 5

Olivia scores 89 points in a video

game. She plays another game
and scores 57 points. What is the

Problem Solving
difference between the points she
scores on the two games?

1 What do you know about the problem?

2 What do you need to find?

3 How can you solve the problem?

4 What is the difference between the points she scores on the

two games?

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 75

UNIT

5 Directions: Read and solve the problem.

Problem: Jason scores 94 points in a video game. He plays

another game and scores 72 points. What is the difference
between the points he scores on the two games?
Problem Solving

List What You Know Make a Plan

Solve the Problem Look Back and Explain

76 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Mark where you live on the map. Be as exact as you 5

can. Then, answer the questions.

Social Studies
1 What is the name of your country?

2 What is the name of your city or town?

3 What is your address? 4 Where would you like to

visit someday?

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 77

UNIT

5 Directions: Follow the steps in this experiment to discover what

is inside leaves.

What You Need

Science

• large plastic container • small stone • fresh leaves

• small plastic container • plastic sheeting • magnifying glass

What to Do

1 Gather enough leaves to fill the large container halfway.

2 Place the small container inside the large one. Arrange the
leaves around the small container.

3 Cover the top with plastic sheeting.

4 Place the stone on top of the plastic sheeting. Center it over

the small container.

5 Place the container outside in the sun for five days.

6 After five days, carefully remove the plastic sheeting. Observe

the containers. Describe what you see.

78 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Solve each clue. Each answer starts with the letter m. 5

Clue Word that starts with m

1 a zoo animal that

Critical Thinking
eats bananas

2 a type of baked
breakfast food

3 a type of insect that

bites people’s skin

4 to heat something
and make it a liquid

5 a synonym for angry

6 to make something
larger so you can
see it

7 an antonym for clean

or neat

8 a large, grassy area

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 79

UNIT

5 Directions: Work with a partner. Take turns rolling a number

cube. Each number on the cube represents an amount of money.
After you have both rolled, draw the money that your rolls
represent. After you have each rolled five times, find the total
amount of money.
Game

Key Roll 1

= Roll 2

=
Roll 3
=

=
Roll 4

Roll 5

Total amount of money: __________________________________

80 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

+−×= 5
High-Frequency Words Activity
Put some finger paint inside a plastic zipper bag. Seal the
bag. On the outside of the bag, use your finger to write one
word from the Word Bank on page 69. Smooth the paint
to erase the word, and write the next word. Repeat for

Extension Activities
each word.

Mathematics Activity
Ask a family member to give you a collection of coins and
bills. Count the total amount of money. Then, write a
word problem that reflects the total amount of money you
were given.

Social Studies Activity

Work with an adult to find where you live on a map. Mark
your location on the map. Then, mark the locations of
places you have visited with your family. You can even do
this online or on a phone!

Critical-Thinking Activity
Choose a letter, and write your own riddle clues for words
that start with that letter. Read your clues to someone. Ask
that person to solve your riddles.

Listening-and-Speaking Activity
When talking with your family, try to use all the words from
the Word Bank on page 69. Find creative ways to add these
words to the conversations.

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 81

 UNIT

6 Directions: Read the text, and answer the questions on the

−+
next page.

Johnny Appleseed
Johnny Appleseed lived long ago. He was born in 1774.
Reading

His real name was John Chapman. He was famous for

planting apple trees.
Some stories claim that he just spread seeds around. But
Johnny knew a lot about trees. He knew where they should
grow. He set up nurseries. These are places for trees to
grow. The trees were sold to people. Then, people planted
the trees on their land. Johnny wanted apple trees to
grow over large areas of land. He wanted to protect
things in nature.
This story has been passed down
over the years. Some facts are
true. Some facts have been
exaggerated. It is a folktale
that many people know.
One reason Johnny
Appleseed is famous is
because he was a warm and
kind man. He treated others
well. He lived a simple life.
Johnny cared deeply about
animals. He looked after things
in nature. He is a hero. He is
admired for his good nature and
his good deeds.

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 UNIT

Directions: Read “Johnny Appleseed,” and then answer 6

+−×
the questions.

1 Who might make the 4 Where did Johnny

strongest connection to Appleseed get his
the text? nickname?

Reading
A a little girl who does A He planted apple trees
not like to eat apples and protected nature.
B a teacher who likes B He bought and
to read sold apples.
C a young boy who goes C He baked apple pies.
to the beach D He was good to
D a man who plants animals and people.
seeds in his garden
5 Which gives the best
2 What kind of story is summary?
“Johnny Appleseed”? A Johnny Appleseed is a
A a foketale famous farmer.
B a folktale B Johnny Appleseed’s
C a fulltale story is a folktale many
D people know.
a folktall
C Johnny Appleseed
3 What is a hero? invented the apple.
A a strong person D Johnny Appleseed
B a person who lives a knew a lot about trees.
simple life
C a person who is
admired by others
D a person who lived
long ago

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 83

 UNIT

6 Directions: Write each word. Then, write each word backward.

−×= 1 got 6 children

High-Frequency Words

2 group 7 side

3 often 8 car

4 run 9 feet

5 important 0 until

84 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Answer each question. 6

1 Add commas to this letter. 3 Add commas to the letter.

“?”
“!”
Dear Coach Dear Dad

Language
I learned a lot about I am ver y sorr y that I
soccer from you. lost your keys.

Your player I will help you find

them.
Romeo
Your son

Pablo

2 Write a closing for 4 Add commas to the letter.

the letter.
Dear Luis
Dear Cit y Council,
Will you come to
I would like to request my part y? It is on
that Johnson Park stay Saturday.
open.
Your friend
Closing this park would
make many people Sam
ver y sad, including me.

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 85

UNIT

6 Directions: In the middle apple, circle your favorite way to eat

apples. In the outer apples, write four reasons why you
like eating apples that way.
Writing

I like eating apple slices.

I like eating apples with
caramel sauce.
I like eating apple pie.
I like eating applesauce.

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 UNIT

Directions: Describe the best way to eat apples. Include reasons 6

to support your opinion. Use your notes on page 86 to help you.

Edit and Revise!

Writing
Be sure that you check
your writing for:
• capital letters at the
beginning of sentences
• capitalized proper nouns
• reasons that support
your opinion

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 87

UNIT

6 Directions: Solve each problem.

1 64 7 82
+ 22 − 66
Mathematics

2 27 – 16 = _ 8 47 + 46 = _

3 45 9 61
+ 73 + 35

4 60 – 38 = _ 0 85 – 22 = _

5 72 plus 27 equals a 18 plus 56 equals

6 78 – 63 = _ b 31 minus 24 equals

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 UNIT

Directions: Solve each problem. 6

1 Count the angles. _ 5 Color the polygon with

3 sides.

Mathematics
2 True or false? 6 Count the angles. _
A solid shape is a
two‑dimensional object.

3 Color the trapezoid. 7 Name the solid.

8 Name the shape.

4 Name the shape.

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 89

UNIT

6 Directions: Read and solve the problem.

A lion can run 54 miles per hour.

It runs 12 miles per hour faster
than a coyote. What is the
Problem Solving

combined speed of the lion and

the coyote?

1 Write a number sentence to show how fast a coyote can run.

2 Write a number sentence to show the combined speed of the

lion and the coyote.

3 Show how you found the combined speed of the lion and
the coyote.

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 UNIT

Directions: Read and solve the problem. 6

Students in three second-grade classes are going on a

field trip. There is a total of 88 students. Use six of the
numbers in the squares to write an addition sentence that
tells about the problem. You may use the numbers more

Problem Solving
than once.

0 2 4 6 8
1 3 5 7 9
1 What number sentence can you write?

+ + = 88

2 Show your work to prove your number sentence is true.

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 91

UNIT

6 Directions: Use a dictionary to look up the definition of the

word justice. Then, write an acrostic poem that gives examples
of justice.
Social Studies

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 UNIT

Directions: Follow the steps in this experiment to discover what 6

is in your square meter.

What You Need

Science
• ruler • string • notebook
• pegs • thermometer

What to Do

1 Go outside, and 5 In your notebook, draw a

find a place with detailed diagram of your
some vegetation. square, and label each
thing you see. Include a
2 Use the ruler to accurately key for each type of plant
measure one square meter. and insect.

3 Push one peg into each 6 Revisit your square meter

corner of the square meter. for the next three days.
Tie string around the pegs If you can, observe at
to mark the perimeter. different times of the day.
In your notebook, record
4 Write your observations what has changed and
in your notebook. Record what has stayed the same.
the date, the temperature,
weather conditions, each 7 Summarize your results in
type of plant, and each your notebook.
type of insect.

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 93

UNIT

6 Directions: Look at the shape below. Find as many triangles as

you can in the shape. Outline each triangle, and then write the
total number.
Critical Thinking

There are ________________________ triangles.

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 UNIT

Directions: Remove the face cards and aces from a deck of 6

cards. Then, shuffle the remaining cards. Play with a partner.
Take turns turning over two cards. Write a number sentence to
add the numbers on the cards. Then, write whether the total
is an odd or an even number. The person with the most odd
totals wins.

Game
Number Sentence Odd or Even?

Example: 3 + 10 = 13 odd

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 95

UNIT

6 +−×=
High-Frequency Words Activity
Bounce a ball as you spell each word from page 84. For
example, bounce the ball five times as you say the letters in
the word until.
Extension Activities

Mathematics Activity
Use construction paper to cut out a square and a rectangle.
Fold each shape in different ways. What other shapes can
you make by folding them?

Problem-Solving Activity
Write number sentences for pairs of numbers. Then,
write word problems that can be solved using your
number sentences.

Social Studies Activity

Draw a picture that shows what justice means to you. Then,
write a short paragraph to explain your thoughts.

Critical-Thinking Activity
Draw a square that contains several squares, like the
triangles activity on page 94. Then, decide how many total
squares are in the picture.

Listening-and-Speaking Activity
Read your paragraph about justice (see the social studies
activity above) to your family. Then, have the listeners
share their ideas about justice.

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 UNIT

Directions: Read the text, and answer the questions on the 7

+−×
next page.

No More Bullying
Two girls followed Sam home from school. He was walking

Reading
by himself because his brother was home sick. He could hear
the girls giggling and saying rude things behind him. It felt like
they were getting closer and closer.
Sam did not understand why the girls were teasing him.
He barely knew them, though one of the girls lived around
the corner. Sam even thought she might be friends with his
brother. Why was she being so mean to him?
Sam started to walk quickly as he rounded the corner to his
street. His house was only five houses away. He could see his
mailbox and his driveway. He began to jog.
The girls jogged after him, but then, Sam surprised them
when he suddenly stopped running and turned around. “Why
are you following me?” he yelled. “I don’t like it, and I think
you are bullying me.”
The girls stopped in their tracks. “Bullying?” one asked.
“No, we aren’t. We are just having fun.”
“I don’t think it’s funny,” said Sam. “Please stop and leave
me alone!”
“Okay, sorry, Sam,” the girls muttered. They looked sad,
but Sam was glad. He had taught them a lesson. What might
seem fun can make someone else uncomfortable, and that is
not okay. Sam walked into his house, hoping they would not
bother him, or anyone else, again.

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 97

 UNIT

7 Directions: Read “No More Bullying,” and then answer

−+
the questions.

1 Who might make the 4 What is the problem?

strongest connection to A Sam’s brother is sick.
the text? B
Reading

Sam is angry.
A any younger brother C Sam is bothered by
B a person who has the girls.
been bullied D Sam gets lost
C any boy walking home.
D people who like
to swim 5 Which gives the best
summary of the text?
2 What does Sam do as he A Sam is followed
gets near home? and teased on his
A jig way home.
B jag B Sam stands up to
C jog his bullies on his
D way home.
jug
C Sam walks home alone.
3 What does it mean to make D Sam yells at some
someone uncomfortable? other kids.
A make someone yell
B make someone
walk fast
C make someone feel sad
D make someone
feel uneasy

98 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Work with a partner. Take turns rolling two number 7

cubes. Match the sum of the cubes to a word, and read it in a
funny voice. Place a tally in the column next to it. If the sum
is 12, mark and say all the words. Continue until you have read
each word at least three times.

High-Frequency Words
Number Word Tallies

2 four

3 began

4 river

5 took

6 grow

7 listen

8 went

9 clock

10 write

11 caught

Which word did you roll the most?__________________________

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 99

UNIT

7 Directions: Answer each question.

1 Write an adjective that makes sense in the sentence.

“?”
“!”
The ______________________________ waves
crashed loudly.
Language

2 Circle the adjectives in the sentence.

The happy man smiled at his young child.

3 Circle the adjectives in the sentence.

The lifelong friends watched the intense game.

4 Write an adjective that makes sense in the sentence.

The ______________________________ gift at my part y was
my favorite.

5 Write an adjective that makes sense in the sentence.

I chose the ______________________________ shirt to wear
to school.

6 Circle the adjectives in the sentence.

The surprise part y was a fun event.

100 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Brainstorm objects that can be pushed or pulled. 7

An example is provided.

grocer y cart

Writing
Things That Are
Pushed or Pulled

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 101

UNIT

7 Directions: Describe how objects are pushed or pulled. Include

differences between pulling and pushing. Use your notes on
page 101 to help you.

Edit and Revise!

Writing

Be sure that you check your writing for:

• capital letters at the • capitalized proper nouns
beginning of sentences • subject/verb agreement

102 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Solve each problem. 7

1 Write the length. 5 Write the length.

_ inches _ centimeters

Mathematics
2 What tool would you use 6 Write the length.
to measure length?
A ruler _ inches
B scale
C clock

3 Circle the shorter row. 7 Circle the longer snake.

4 Circle the longer row. 8 Write the length.

_ centimeters

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 103

UNIT

7 Directions: Solve each problem.

1 Use >, <, or =. 5 Order the numbers from

largest to smallest.
125 152 756 75 675
Mathematics

2 Order the numbers from 6 Use >, <, or =.

smallest to largest.
450 405 504 377 377

3 Order the numbers from 7 Order the numbers from

largest to smallest. smallest to largest.
321 231 234 823 832 820

4 Use >, <, or =. 8 Use >, <, or =.

987 783 399 499

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 UNIT

Directions: Read and solve the problem. 7

Kelly arranges 24 crackers on a platter. How can she arrange
the crackers in equal rows? Make four different arrays. Write an
addition sentence for each array.

Problem Solving
_________________________ _________________________

_________________________ _________________________

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 105

UNIT

7 Directions: Read and solve the problem.

In a Hula Hoop contest, four students twirl their Hula

Hoops 89 times. Use the numbers below to write an addition
sentence to show the number of times they twirl the Hula
Problem Solving

Hoops. You may use the numbers more than once.

0 2 4 6 8
1 3 5 7 9

1 What number sentence can you write?

+ + + = 89

2 Write a story problem about the number of times four

students twirl their Hula Hoops.

106 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Label north, south, east, and west on the compass 7

rose. Then, use the compass rose to answer the questions.

Social Studies
1 Imagine you are walking north. If you
make a right turn, in which direction
are you now walking?

2 Imagine you are walking west. If you

make a left turn, in which direction are
you now walking?

3 Imagine you are walking south. If you

make a right turn, in which direction
are you now walking?

4 Imagine you are walking east. If you

make a left turn, in which direction are
you now walking?

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 107

UNIT

7 Directions: Follow the steps in this experiment to discover which

is bigger: hot air or cold air.

What You Need

Science

• soda bottle • deep bowl • hot water

• balloon • cold water • ice

What to Do
1 Stretch out the balloon. Pull the neck of the balloon over the
mouth of the bottle.

2 Fill the bowl halfway with hot water.

3 Hold the bottle with its bottom in the water for three minutes.
Draw the bottle and the balloon below.

4 Pour the water into the sink. Stand the bottle in the bowl.
Fill the bowl with ice.

5 Add cold water to the ice. Hold the bottle straight for three
minutes. Draw the bottle and the balloon below.

6 The water changed the temperature of the air in the bottle.

Hot air takes up __ space than cold air.

(more / less)

Hot Water Cold Water

108 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Look at the word teacher. See how many words 7

you can make using only the letters in teacher. Write the words
below. Then, answer the questions.

Critical Thinking
TEACHER

Example: tea

1 How many words did you make?

2 Describe your strategy for making words.

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 109

UNIT

7 Directions: Work with a partner. Use small objects to mark

your spots on the game board. Take turns rolling a number
cube. Move the number of spaces that you roll. If the space
has words, follow those directions. The first person to reach the
finish line wins.

St a r t
Game

Measure the
length of Measure
your arm. a pencil.

Measure
the width
of a sheet
of paper.
Measure the Measure
length of your hand.
someone’s
foot.

Measure Measure the

the width width of your
of a door. backpack.

Measure
a book.

Finish
110 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education
 UNIT
+−×=
High-Frequency Words Activity 7
Use chalk to draw a hopscotch board on the sidewalk.
Write one word from page 99 in each square. As you play,
call out each word when you land in the square.

Extension Activities
Mathematics Activity
Choose one problem from page 104. Use only drawings to
show the problem and how you solved it.

Problem-Solving Activity
Create two addition problems like those on pages 105–106.
Solve the problems using arrays.

Social Studies Activity

Choose a place in your community. Draw a map that
shows how you get from your home to that place. Include a
compass rose on your map. Hint: Look online or use a map
application to find out where north is in your community.

Critical-Thinking Activity
Write your first and last name at the top of a sheet of paper.
Then, write as many words as you can using only the letters
from your name.

Listening-and-Speaking Activity
Use the map you created (see the social studies activity
above) to tell a family member how to get to the place you
chose. Include which way a person would turn and which
direction they should go.

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 111

 UNIT

8 Directions: Read the text, and answer the questions on the

−+
next page.

American Indian Homes

American Indians live in tribes. These tribes live in
Reading

different parts of the country. Long ago, they built homes

that helped them survive. The homes were made with what
the tribes had.
American Indians lived in many different types of homes.
Tribes that lived on large, grassy plains used the grass to
build homes. They worked well in warm climates. These
structures were up to 40 feet (12 meters) tall!
Adobe homes were a different type of home. They were
called pueblos (PWEB-lohz). These homes were made of
clay and straw. They often had more than one story. They
worked well for tribes who stayed in one place for a long
time. Pueblos helped keep people cool in hot weather.
Plank houses worked well in cold climates. Tribes that
lived in plank houses built them out of wood. The people
found tall trees in nearby forests to make planks. Plank
houses were also permanent houses.
Some tribes traveled a lot, so they built homes
that could be easily moved. A tepee was one type of
temporary home. A tepee looked like a tent. It was
made of buffalo hide. Tribes that hunted buffalo built
these homes.
All the tribes had to be smart builders. They used the
materials they had nearby. They built homes to survive
in many climates.

112 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Read “American Indian Homes,” and then answer 8

+−×
the questions.

1 Which example shows the 4 What do adobe and grass

strongest connection to houses have in common?
the text? A They are both easy

Reading
A I have grass in to move.
my backyard. B They are both made
B Our house is built of grass.
strong for hurricanes. C They both work well in
C I have never seen a warmer climates.
plank house. D They both use wood.
D I have seen buffalo at
the zoo. 5 Which is the best summary
of the text?
2 What type of house works A Plank houses were
well in a cold climate? made from wood.
A a plank house B Tribes built homes that
B a blank house were easily moveable.
C a pink house C Tribes built homes that
D a grass house met their needs.
D American Indians lived
3 Based on context clues, in tepees.
what is a buffalo hide?
A the skin
B the teeth
C the feet
D the head

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 113

 UNIT

8 Directions: Write the correct word from the Word Bank to

−×=
complete each sentence. Then, write your own sentence using
one of the words.

Word Bank
High-Frequency Words

• book • once • state • late • without

• hear • carry • miss • second • stop

1 My friend is moving to another __.

2 Do you __ that ringing noise?

3 I can play outside __ I finish my dinner.

4 Can you help me __ this heavy box?

5 The __ has sixteen chapters.

6 You must __ at the red light.

7 I was __ in line for lunch.

8 Dan likes french fries __ ketchup.

9 Susan woke up early so she would not be __.

0 I didn’t want to __ the bus.

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

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 UNIT

Directions: Answer each question. 8

1 Circle the words that need capital letters.

“?”
“!”
the mississippi river flows for many miles.

Language
2 Circle the words that need capital letters.
i want to order a book from the scholastic ®
book order.

3 Write a sentence about a continent using correct capitalization.

4 Write a sentence about where you live using correct

capitalization.

5 Which types of words are always capitalized? Circle the

correct answer.

names of countries compound words adjectives

6 Circle the words that need capital letters.

can you canoe on lake michigan?

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 115

UNIT

8 Directions: Write the names of two

people to whom you have given
gifts. Then, write words that
tell how you felt when you gave
the gifts.
Writing

To: _______________________________________________

I gave: ____________________________________________

How I felt when I gave this gift: _______________________

To: _______________________________________________

I gave: ____________________________________________

How I felt when I gave this gift: _______________________

116 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Think about a time you gave someone a gift. Write 8

a narrative about what the gift was, how you picked it out, and
how the person reacted when they opened it. Use your notes on
page 116 to help you.

Edit and Revise!

Writing
Be sure that you check
your writing for:
• correct capitalization
• correct punctuation
• strong sensory details

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 117

UNIT

8 Directions: Solve each problem.

1 8+7= +9 8 +5=9+3
Mathematics

2 9+ = 17 – 4 9 11 + 4 = 20 –

3 5–3= –6 0 18 – = 12 + 2

4 10 + 3 = 7 + a 17 + 2 = –1

5 –5=7–3 b 8 + 5 = 10 +

6 –3=7+5 c 19 – 5 = +7

7 9– =2+3 d 13 – 2 = 20 –

118 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Solve each problem. 8

1 Write the missing number.

90 80 60 50

Mathematics
2 Eunice has 5 soccer games every month. How many games
does she have after 4 months?
1 Month 2 Months 3 Months 4 Months

5 10 15

3 Write the missing number.

15 20 25 30

4 Tina’s hair grows about 2 inches every month. About how

many inches will her hair grow in 3 months?
1 Month 2 Months 3 Months

5 Write the missing number.

30 40 60 70

6 Write the missing number.

11 13 15 17

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 119

UNIT

8 Directions: Read and solve the problems.

0 2 4 6 8
Problem Solving

1 3 5 7 9

1 Use the numbers in the squares to write an addition sentence

that equals 981. Use the numbers only once.

+ = 981

2 Write a different number sentence from the same fact family.

+ = 981

3 Write two subtraction sentences from the same fact family.

– =

– =

120 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Read and solve the problems. 8

1 Which tool can you use to measure the length of your pencil?
Use the tool to measure.

I measured a pencil with a ___________________________ .

Problem Solving
It is ______________________ long.

2 Which tool can you use to measure the length of your finger?
Use the tool to measure.

I measured my finger with a _________________________ .

It is ______________________ long.

3 Which tool can you use to measure the length of your shoe?
Use the tool to measure.

I measured my shoe with a __________________________ .

It is ______________________ long.

4 Choose an object to measure to the nearest foot. Use a tool

to measure.

I measured a _____________________________ with

a _______________________________ .

It is ______________________ long.

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 121

UNIT

8 Directions: On the chart, write two things that each person has
the authority to do. Then, write one thing that each person does
not have the authority to do.

Person Authority To Do Cannot Do

Social Studies

give checkups
Example: doctor arrest people
put a cast on a
broken arm

teacher

police officer

crossing guard

parent

mayor

president

122 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Follow the steps in this experiment to discover how 8

things melt.

What You Need

Science
• butter • chocolate • foil • craft stick
• candle wax • sugar • scissors • heat source

What to Do
1 Cut out four squares of foil. Fold the edges up to make
flat trays.

2 Place butter in the first tray, candle wax in the second tray,
chocolate in the third tray, and sugar in the fourth tray.

3 Have an adult heat each tray.

4 Watch the trays for five minutes. Draw what happens.

5 Have an adult turn off the heat source. Carefully stir each
substance with the craft stick. Let them cool. Discuss what
happened with the adult who helped you.
© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 123
UNIT

8 Directions: Read each step. Write the answer on the line next to
each step. Use the previous number for the next step.

90
1 Start at the number 90._________________________________
Critical Thinking

2 Skip count by 2s five times.______________________________

3 Subtract 31.__________________________________________

4 Add 1._______________________________________________

5 Skip count by 5s three times.____________________________

6 Add 15.______________________________________________

7 Subtract 10.__________________________________________

8 What do you notice about your starting and ending numbers?

9 On a separate sheet of paper, make your own set of

directions. What do you want the problem solver to notice
after solving all of your problems?

124 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Work with a partner. Take turns rolling a number 8

cube two times per turn. The first roll tells you which column to
look at. Then, roll again to tell you which row. Read the word
in the column and row that you rolled. For example, if you roll
a 6 and then a 2, you would read the word night. Cross out the
square once you have read it. Keep playing until all the squares

Game
are crossed out.

book hear once carry state miss

late second without stop mile night

walk white sea began river four

grow took got group often run

important children side car feet until

country every add plant below food

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 125

UNIT

8 +−×=
High-Frequency Words Activity
Write your own sentences for each word in the Word Bank
on page 114. Then, rewrite your sentences leaving out the
high-frequency words. Ask a family member to complete
the sentences.
Extension Activities

Mathematics Activity
Choose one series of numbers from page 119. Continue
skip counting 10 more times from the last number in
the series.

Problem-Solving Activity
Choose five items from your classroom or home. Measure
the length of each object in inches. Then, measure the
length of the object in centimeters.

Science Activity
Have an adult help you identify other materials that you can
safely melt. Have an adult help you melt those materials.
Write and draw what you observe. Observe what happens
after they are removed from the heat. Do they become solid
again? Can you make them solid again? If so, how?

Listening-and-Speaking Activity
Create a funny story about a community worker from
page 122 who tries to do something he or she cannot do.
Turn your story into a one‑person skit to perform for
your family.

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 UNIT

Directions: Read the text, and answer the questions on the 9

+−×
next page.

A New Hobby

Reading
The school band had sent home a notice to parents.
They were looking for new students to join. The band
teacher was excited for the band to grow. He promised to
help students who had never played before.
José wanted to play an instrument. He had loved music
his whole life. He loved singing and dancing. He also knew
a little bit about reading music. Now, he was ready to join
the band.
José was torn. He could not decide which instrument
he wanted to learn how to play. His brother played the
drums. His friend played the tuba. His neighbor played
the clarinet. He thought those instruments were fun. But
which one was the right one for him? José went to talk to
the teacher, Mr. Riley. He was nervous. He hoped Mr.
Riley would help him.
Mr. Riley told José that many students struggle to
pick an instrument. It is a big decision. Band members
spend a lot of time practicing and playing. They talked
about the good and bad things about each choice. The
tuba was heavy, but unique. The drums were not easy to
move around, but they were fun to play. The clarinet was
challenging, but had a great sound. In the end, José picked
the saxophone! He joined the band. He loved learning
about music.

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 127

 UNIT

9 Directions: Read “A New Hobby,” and then answer the

−+
questions.

1 Who might make the 4 What is the problem?

strongest connection to A José doesn’t like music.
the text? B
Reading

José doesn’t want to

A a kid who join the band.
dislikes music C José doesn’t know
B a person who is which instrument
choosing a second to play.
language to learn D José doesn’t know
C a person who likes where the band
music videos room is.
D a kid named José
5 Which gives the best
2 What is José going to join? summary of the story?
A the bond A José likes the clarinet
B the bind but settles for the tuba.
C the bend B José does not agree
D with the band
the band
teacher and does his
3 What does the word own thing.
grow mean in the C José struggles to pick
first paragraph? an instrument, but
A get bigger he chooses and has a
great time.
B get taller
D José’s school band is
C raise crops
in danger of being
D breed canceled, and then he
decides to join.

128 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Unscramble each word. Use the Word Bank to 9

help you.

Word Bank

High-Frequency Words
• idea • face • beautiful • right • because
• eat • friend • area • watch • enough

1 erdfin 6 daie

2 reaa 7 ctawh

3 irthg 8 cfea

4 eta 9 cubseae

5 ngoeuh 0 ufubetila

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 129

UNIT

9 Directions: Read and answer each question.

1 Write the correct pronoun to complete the sentence.

“?”
“!”
How did you hurt __________________________________ ?
(myself, herself, yourself)
Language

2 Circle the pronoun in the sentence.

The kids hid themselves in the forest.

3 Write the correct pronoun to complete the sentence.

I can’t hear _______________________________ think when
(myself, herself, yourself)
it is this loud!

4 Write the correct pronoun to complete the sentence.

I can make breakfast for ______________________________.
(myself, herself, yourself)

5 Write the correct pronoun to complete the sentence.

“Students, clean up after ____________________________,”
(ourselves, yourselves, yourself)
said the teacher.

6 Write the correct pronoun to complete the sentence.

“ What will I do with ________________________________
(myself, herself, yourself)
today?” Ana wondered.
130 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education
 UNIT

Directions: Read the facts about the two places. Form an 9

opinion about which place you would like to visit. Write your
opinion and your reasons below.

Facts

Writing
U.S.S. Constitution Mount Rushmore
• located in Boston, MA • located in South Dakota
• oldest U.S. naval ship • faces of four U.S. presidents
still floating carved in stone
• first sailed in 1797 • there are many opportunities
• many other historical for hiking and exploring in
sites to see within the surrounding area
walking distance of the • the carving was completed
U.S.S. Constitution in 1941

I would like to visit…

My Reasons:

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 131

UNIT

9 Directions: Write a paragraph about a place that you would like

to visit. Include reasons to support your opinions. Use the ideas
on page 131 to help you.

Edit and Revise!

Writing

Be sure that you check your writing for:

• capital letters at the • reasons and details that
beginning of sentences support your opinion
• capitalized proper nouns

132 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Solve each problem. 9

1 It is April 16, and Marco 5 A van will hold 9 people.

is already planning for his If a class of 23 students is
birthday that is exactly going on a field trip, how
three months away. What many vans will be needed?

Mathematics
date is Marco’s birthday?

6 Kelly counts the cars that

2 Mark reads 5 chapter books drive by her house. She
every month. How many counts 16 red cars, 13 blue
books does he read in cars, and 9 green cars. How
3 months? many more red cars did
Kelly see than green cars?

3 A group of cats has 16 legs. 7 You have 53 trading cards.

How many cats are there? You lose 22 in a game.
Then, you win 17. How
many trading cards do you
have now?

4 There are 9 mommy

ducks. There are 43
ducklings. How many more
ducklings are there than 8 Deserea ran 15 miles last
mommy ducks? week. She ran 6 miles this
week. How many miles did
she run in all?

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 133

UNIT

9 Directions: Solve each problem.

1 Write the numeral.

8 hundreds 4 tens 3 ones
Mathematics

2 Write the numeral.

3 Write the numeral.

3 hundreds 0 tens 9 ones

4 Circle about how many children can fit on a school bus.

60 300

5 Write the ordinal number for six. ___

6 Write the numeral.

7 Circle groups of 2.

___ groups
134 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education
 UNIT

Directions: Read and solve the problem. 9

Francisco is using a number line to figure out how many minutes
he watched a movie.

Problem Solving
75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100

1 Write an addition sentence that can be solved using this

number line. Explain your thinking.

2 Write a subtraction sentence that can be solved using

this number line. Explain your thinking.

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 135

UNIT

9 Directions: Read and solve the problem.

Caitlin, Mickey, and Kimberly have money to spend at a

snack shack. Caitlin has the most money. Mickey has more
money than Kimberly.
Problem Solving

1 Complete the table to show the number of dollars and coins

each person might have.

Dollar Quarter Dime Nickel Penny Total

Caitlin

Mickey

Kimberly

2 Use the information from the table to write a story problem

about the money each person has.

136 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: List characteristics for each type of place to live. 9

Then, answer the questions.

Suburban (Suburbs) Urban (City) Rural (Country)

Social Studies
1 Which category best describes where you live? Why?

2 If you could live anywhere, which type of place would you

choose to live? Why?

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 137

UNIT

9 Directions: Follow the steps in this experiment to discover how a

battery can make heat.

What You Need

Science

• 3 cm x 15 cm (1 in. x 6 in.) strip of foil

• AA battery • timer

What to Do

1 Fold the foil in half (hot dog style).

2 Fold the foil in half again (hot dog style). You have made
a “wire.”

3 Hold the battery with one hand. With the other hand, hold
the ends of the “wire” against the ends of the battery for
10 seconds.

4 It feels ____________________________________ than before.

(the same, colder, hotter)

5 Batteries store electric energy. The wire let this energy flow
from the battery. Why did the wire’s temperature change?

138 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Read each set of words. Circle the word that does 9
not belong. Then, explain your reasoning.

1 squirrel dog cat parrot

Critical Thinking
2 magazine computer newspaper book

3 sparrow eagle horse hummingbird

4 flute drums clarinet trumpet

5 pink red blue yellow

6 apple pear spinach peach

7 water coffee lemonade juice

8 sad happy excited glad

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 139

UNIT

9 Directions: Remove the face cards and aces

from a deck of cards. Then, shuffle
the remaining cards. Place the stack
facedown. Turn over three cards. Write a
three-digit number that uses the numbers
on the cards you drew. Then, write the
Game

expanded form and number form for

each number.

Number Expanded Form Word Name

Example: 248 200 + 40 + 8 two hundred forty-eight

140 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

+−×= 9
High-Frequency Words Activity
Write each word from the Word Bank on page 129 on a craft
stick. Place the sticks in a cup or jar. Pull out one stick at
a time, and read the word written on it. Continue until you
have read all the words.

Extension Activities
Mathematics Activity
Choose a three-digit number. How many ways can you show
its value? Write, draw, and use objects to show it in as many
ways as you can.

Social Studies Activity

Fold a sheet of drawing paper into three sections. Draw a
picture to represent each of the following areas: rural, urban,
suburban.

Critical-Thinking Activity
Sort the words from the Word Bank on page 129 into
categories. Explain your reasoning for how the words fit into
your categories. Then, sort the words a different way. How
many different ways can you sort the words?

Listening-and-Speaking Activity
Ask your family members about places that are important to
them. After they are finished, summarize their opinions in
your own words.

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 141

 UNIT

10 Directions: Read the text, and answer the questions on the

−+
next page.

Natural Disasters
A natural disaster is often a sudden event. It is usually
Reading

intense. It can have extreme results. It is caused by forces in

nature. It might start with rain or heavy winds. A volcano
erupts. The earth shakes. A tsunami hits the coast. These are
all natural disasters.
Natural disasters can happen anywhere. They can occur at
any time. Some areas are prone to big storms. Tsunamis are
a worry for people who live by the ocean. It all depends on
where you live.
Disasters can be scary. They often hurt or kill people.
They can cause a lot of damage to homes and buildings.
Entire towns can be ruined.
One way to handle a disaster is to plan ahead. Planning
can keep us safe. It also gives us peace of mind to know we
are ready. Other people help us prepare. Some places have
warnings. They tell people to evacuate to a safe place. They
let people know when a big disaster may be on the way.
Other disasters happen too quickly. An earthquake can
surprise you. There is no warning. An earthquake kit can
help you after the event.
Where do you live? What happens in your
town or city? Find out what you need.
Make a plan with your family,
and be ready!

142 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Read “Natural Disasters,” and then answer 10

+−×
the questions.

1 Who might make the 4 Which is the main idea of

strongest connection to this text?
the text? A disaster predicting

Reading
A a teacher who reads B disaster reporting
about tsunamis C disaster preparedness
B a mother who follows D disaster warnings
weather forecasts
C a boy who likes to 5 Which gives the best
watch waves in a storm summary of the text?
D a girl who has lived A Hurricanes occur only
through a hurricane in certain places.
B Preparing for a
2 Before a natural disaster tornado takes a lot
occurs,
of time.
A plane ahead. C Preparing for a natural
B plan ahead. disaster is a smart
C pan ahead. thing to do.
D plot ahead. D People far from the
coast don’t need to
3 What does the word worry about tsunamis.
prone mean?
A will occur
B likely to occur
C won’t occur
D cannot occur

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 143

 UNIT

10 Directions: Write a sentence that uses the word in each box.

−×=
1 young _____________________________________________
High-Frequency Words

2 talk _______________________________________________

3 soon ______________________________________________

4 list _______________________________________________

5 song ______________________________________________

6 small ______________________________________________

7 large ______________________________________________

8 outside ____________________________________________

9 sometimes _________________________________________

0 another ___________________________________________

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 UNIT

Directions: Answer each question. 10

1 Rewrite the sentence in the past tense.

“?”
“!”
I wake up in the morning when the sun comes up.

Language
2 Write the past tense word to complete the sentence.
The boss _________________ his workers once a month.
(pay)

3 Circle the past tense of catch.

catched catchy caught

4 Write the correct verb to complete the sentence.

The baby piglet ______________________ his mother and
(find, found)
cuddled with her.

5 Write the past tense word to complete the sentence.

Yesterday, I ______________________ to get my bag, but I
(mean)
forgot it.

6 Circle the past tense of write.

wrate wrote writing

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 145

UNIT

10 Directions: Place check marks in the icebergs with facts about

penguins. Add any more facts that you know about penguins.
Writing

Penguins Penguins You can find

live where it are cute. penguins in
is very cold. the water
but not in
the sky.

It is fun
to watch Each set of
penguins penguins has Penguins can
move. one or two swim, but they
babies a year. cannot fly.

146 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Write a paragraph about penguins. Include facts 10

about where they live and their physical characteristics. Use
your notes from page 146 to help you.

Edit and Revise!

Writing
Be sure that you check your
writing for:
• capital letters at the
beginning of sentences
• capitalized proper nouns
• details that support your
main idea

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 147

UNIT

10 Directions: Solve each problem.

1 Is a car longer or shorter 5 Circle the object that is

than a yard? shorter than 1 meter.
Mathematics

2 Circle the better estimate

for the width.

6 Circle the object that

would be taller than
1 meter.

2m 10 m

3 Is a ladder less than

1 meter, about
1 meter, or more
than 1 meter?

7 Is a goldfish longer or
shorter than 1 foot?

8 Is a chair less than 1 meter,

4 Is a cat longer or shorter about 1 meter, or more
than a yard? than 1 meter tall?

148 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Solve each problem. 10

1 84 + 14 = _ 6 32 plus 22 equals

__.

Mathematics
2 118 – 29 = _ 7 67 minus 50 equals

__.

3 71 8 208
+ 52 − 61

4 142 – 139 = _ 9 644 + 92 = _

5 172 0 434
+ 163 − 280

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 149

UNIT

10 Directions: Read and solve the problem.

Laura and her friends were playing football. Use the information
below to find the number of yards each girl threw the football.
• Laura threw the football 3 yards.
Problem Solving

• Maria threw the football 2 more yards than Laura.

• Sarah threw the football 3 fewer yards than Maria.
• Jean threw the football the same number of yards
Laura and Sarah threw the football combined.

1 Show the number of yards

Girl Yards
each girl threw the football
in the table. Laura
Maria
2 Make a bar graph to show
the data. Sarah
Jean

Title:_________________________________________________
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1

150 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Read and solve the problem. 10

Marissa has a paper triangle. She wants to partition it into

smaller triangles. How can Marissa partition her triangle
into equal parts?

Problem Solving
1 Show three ways to
partition the triangle into
halves. How many halves
does each triangle have?

__ halves

2 Show how to partition the

triangle into thirds. How
many thirds are there?

__ thirds

3 Show how to partition the

triangle into fourths. How
many fourths are there?

__ fourths

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 151

UNIT

10 Directions: Pretend that you are running for president of the

United States. Create a campaign poster that tells why you will
be a good president. Include information about at least one
way that you will put the needs and interests of others ahead of
your own.
Social Studies

__ for President
(Your Name)

152 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Follow the steps in this experiment to discover which 10

things are magnetic.

What You Need

Science
• magnet • nails • blocks
• paper clips • aluminum foil • other metal and
• marbles • pebbles non-metal items
• nuts and bolts • string • scraps of paper

What to Do

1 Using a magnet, test each object to see whether it is magnetic.

2 Make a chart to record your results as you test each item.

3 What did all of the magnetic items have in common?

4 What happened when the magnet got near these items?

5 Describe the items that were attracted to the magnet. Why

do you think they were attracted while others were not?

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 153

UNIT

10 Directions: Look at each shape. Decide how many different ways

you can divide each shape into equal parts. Use a different color
pen to show each way you can divide the shape.

1 3
Critical Thinking

2 4

154 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 UNIT

Directions: Remove the face cards and aces from a deck of cards. 10
Then, shuffle the remaining cards. Take turns with a partner
turning over two cards from the top of the deck. Write the value
of each card on the left. Write the sum of the two cards on the
right. The person with the highest sum wins.

Game
Cards Sum

_+_

_+_

_+_

_+_

_+_

_+_

_+_

_+_

_+_

_+_

_+_

_+_
© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 155
UNIT

10 +−×=
High-Frequency Words Activity
Write each word from page 144 on an index card. Tape each
index card to a wall. Turn out the lights. Have someone
shine a flashlight on the cards, one at a time. Read each
word that the light shines on.
Extension Activities

Mathematics Activity
Measure a desk in feet. Then, measure it in meters. What
do you notice about the two measurements? Explain
your thinking to a family member.

Social Studies Activity

Write a speech stating why you would be a good president.
Use the speech and the campaign poster from page 152 to
convince your family that you would be a good president.

Critical-Thinking Activity
Draw a star with five points. Decide how many ways you can
divide the star into equal parts. Explain your thinking to a
family member.

Listening-and-Speaking Activity
Ask your family members what they know about penguins.
Add this information to your paragraph from the writing
activity. Then, read your finished paragraph aloud.

156 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 APPENDIX

Answer Key
There are many open-ended pages, problems, and writing prompts in this book. For those activities, the
answers will vary. Answers are only given in this answer key if they are specific.

page 7 page 14
1. 1.

Answer Key
D 50
2. C 2. 235
3. A 3. 39
4. C 4. 38
5. 67
page 8 6. 42
1. B 7. 93
2. D 8. seventy-one
3. D
4. C page 15

page 9 Number Hundreds Tens Ones

1. country yrtnuoc
2. every yreve
3. add dda 165
4. plant tnalp
5. below woleb
6. food doof
7. between neewteb
8. last tsal
9. near raen
10. own nwo 253

page 10
1. flight
2. taught
3. square
4. brought page 16
5. fixture 1.
6. clown
Strategy 1: 23 tens blocks and 6 ones blocks
7. needed
8. each
9. watch
10. fence

page 13
Strategy 2: 2 hundreds blocks, 3 tens blocks, and
1. 3
6 ones blocks
2. 9
3. 10
4. 2
5. 0
6. 8
7. 5 2. Possible answer: In Strategy 1, there are 23
8. 9 tens and 6 ones. In Strategy 2, there are 2
9. 6 hundreds, 3 tens, and 6 ones. In Strategy 2,
10. 2 10 tens are grouped to make 1 hundred.

page 17
People: car, bus, bicycle, scooter
Goods: cargo ship, delivery truck
Both: train, airplane

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 157

APPENDIX
page 18 page 29
1. 5 sides
The first drawing should indicate that the ice floats
2.
and that most of the ice is below the water. The
second drawing should indicate that the water is
still at the line even though the ice has melted.
3.
page 19
(cont.)

1. 326
2. square
3. 5 4. false
Answer Key

4. 24 5.
5. hexagon
6. 23
6.
page 22
1. B
2. B 7. true
3. D
4. A page 30
1. 2 hundreds, 6 tens, 8 ones. The number
page 23 is 268.
1. A 2. 4 hundreds, 2 tens, 3 ones. The number
2. C is 423.
3. A
4. D page 31
1. Strategy 1: 800 + 40 + 2; Strategy 2: 842
page 24 2. Possible answer: In Strategy 1, the values of
1. keep; house; A each digit are being added together to show
2. school; people; A the number. In Strategy 2, the values of each
3. climbed; tree; B digit are shown using place value.
4. father; brother; A
5. never; morning; A page 34

page 25
1. A
2. B
3. A
4. C
5. A
6. C
7. C
8. C

page 28
1. tens
2. 643
3. 46
4. 148
5. 417
6. 356
7. 272
8. 582

page 37
1. D
2. C
3. B
4. B

158 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 APPENDIX
page 38 page 45
1. C 1. One cow weighs 732 pounds, and another
2. D cow weighs 832 pounds.
3. B 2. I need to find the cow that weighs more.
4. A 3. 732 = 7 hundreds, 3 tens, and 2 ones
832 = 8 hundreds, 3 tens, and 2 ones
page 39 4. <

Answer Key
1. light
2. eye page 46
3. city
4. start One cow weighs 951 pounds, and another cow
weighs 915 pounds; Plans should explain how
page 40 to use base-ten concepts to compare the two
1. A numbers; 951 > 915; Explanations should
2. B include how the value in the tens place is higher in
3. C 951 than in 915.
4. A
page 48

(cont.)
5. A
6. C Responses should indicate that the moon changes
7. B shapes over the course of the month.
8. A
page 50
page 43
My mom is very sick.
1.
When will you be back at school?
How many baseball cards do you have?
2.
Marta walked to the store.
I can’t wait to go camping!
Did you finish your homework?
3. taller
4. 2 meters Where is he going?
5. My favorite ice cream flavor is chocolate.
That’s exciting!
Will you help me carry this heavy box?
6. more than 1 meter Ouch!
7. 1 meter
How can I help you?
page 44 I do not feel well.
1. half past 8:00
Science is my favorite subject.
2. 6:30
3. half past 10:00 Are we there yet?
4.
page 52
1. C
2. B
5. 3. C
4. D

page 53
1. B
6. 2:00
2. C
7. 8:30
3. B
8.
4. C

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 159

APPENDIX
page 54 page 62
1. fast
teacher keep the community safe
2. few
3. how child respond to emergencies
4. along
parent provide food, shelter, and clothing
5. slow
6. with police officer do homework
(cont.)

7. left firefighter keep students safe

8. while
principal provide customer service
9. next
Answer Key

10. them store clerk keep people healthy

doctor drive people around the city

page 55
1. Mario’s pool felt very refreshing on a hot day. nurse keep bedroom clean
2. Drivers don’t always know when a car’s gas is bus driver put out fires
almost out.
3. doesn’t, won’t, haven’t
4. should’ve
5. the flower’s petal page 64
1. big bad wolf
page 58 2. get in shape
1. Brenda 3. broken promise
2. Ginny 4. stand by me
3. 15 trains 5. slow down
4. Tracy and Mike 6. misunderstood

page 59 page 67
1. 6 – 1 = 5 1. B
2. 7 – 3 = 4 2. A
3. 7 – 4 = 3 3. D
4. 6 – 5 = 1 4. B
5. 5 – 1 = 4
6. 8 – 5 = 3 page 68
7. 7 – 2 = 5 1. B
8. 6 – 4 = 2 2. D
3. B
page 60 +7 +5
4. D

page 69
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
1. hard
2. begin
1. 12 + 7 = 19
3. life
2. 19 + 5 = 24
4. open
page 61 5. example
1. 38 crayons; Strategy 1: 26 circles should be 6. paper
colored red and 12 circles should be colored 7. Always
blue to show a total of 38; Strategy 2: student 8. both
should have counted on 12 more from 26: 9. those
26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 10. together
37, 38
2. Possible answer: I think counting on is easier page 70
because if I start on 26, then I just count on 1. Example: A swarm of bees moved quickly.
12 more. Counting on is faster than coloring 2. Example: The young children rode the bus
in the ten frames and then counting them to school.
all up. 3. lovingly, quickly
4. Example: A bunch of leaves fell onto
the driveway.
5. Example: A litter of puppies ran clumsily.
6. Example: A choir of students sang beautifully.

160 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 APPENDIX
page 71 page 79
1. monkey
Turtles are reptiles.
2. muffin
Turtles lay eggs.
3. mosquito
Some turtles live on land and others in water.
4. melt
Turtles have upper and lower shells.
5. mad
Turtle shells have different designs.
6. magnify

Answer Key
Turtles are cold blooded.
7. messy
page 73 8. meadow
1. 46
2. 21 page 83
3. 39 1. D
4. 65 2. B
5. 26 3. C
6. 18 4. A
5. B
page 74
page 84

(cont.)
1. 75¢
2. 37 1. got tog
3. 9 2. group puorg
4. 7 3. often netfo
5. 38¢ 4. run nur
6. $1.75 5. important tnatropmi
7. No 6. children nerdlihc
8. 62¢ 7. side edis
8. car rac
page 75 9. feet teef
1. Olivia scores 89 points in the first video 10. until litnu
game she plays and 57 points in the second
video game. page 85
2. I need to find the difference between the 1. Dear Coach, Your player,
points Olivia scores in the two video games. 2. Example:
3. Possible answer: I will write a subtraction Sincerely,
sentence to find the difference between the Robert
points Olivia scores in the video games. 3. Dear Dad, Your son,
4. 32 points 4. Dear Luis, Your friend,

page 76 page 88
1. 86
Jason scores 94 points on the first video game he 2. 11
plays and scores 72 points on the second video 3. 118
game; write a subtraction sentence to find the 4. 22
difference between the points he scores on the 5. 99
video games; 94 – 72 = 22; explanations should 6. 15
describe how students found the difference 7. 16
between the two scores. 8. 93
9. 96
page 78
10. 63
Observations should include that water has 11. 74
gathered in the small container. 12. 7

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 161

APPENDIX
page 89 page 104
1. 4 angles 1. <
2. false 2. 405, 450, 504
3. 3. 321, 234, 231
4. >
5. 756, 675, 75
4. oval 6. =
(cont.)

5. 7. 820, 823, 832

8. <

page 105
Answer Key

6. 5 angles
7. cube, rectangular prism, or square prism Possible arrays and addition sentences: 2 rows of
8. circle 12, 12 + 12 = 24; 12 rows of 2, 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2
+ 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 24; 3 rows of 8, 8 +
page 90 8 + 8 = 24; 8 rows of 3, 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3
1. 54 – 12 = 42 miles per hour + 3 = 24; 4 rows of 6, 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 24; 6 rows
2. 54 + 42 = 96 miles per hour of 4, 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 24; 1 row of 24; 24
3. Possible strategies: number line; base-ten + 0 = 24; 24 rows of 1, 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1
blocks; addition problem using place value +1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+1+
1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 24
page 91
1. Possible answer: 30 + 27 + 31 = 88 page 106
2. Possible strategies: number line, base-ten
1. Possible answer: 20 + 21 + 22 + 26 = 89
blocks, equations, ten frames
2. Possible story problem: William, Henry, Mindy,
and Tonya twirl a Hula Hoop. William twirls
page 94
the Hula Hoop 20 times. Henry twirls the Hula
There are 13 triangles. Hoop 21 times. Mindy twirls the Hula Hoop
22 times. Tonya twirls the Hula Hoop 26
page 98
times. How many times did all four students
1. B
twirl the Hula Hoop?
2. C
3. D page 107
4. C North
5. B
West East
page 100
1. Example: tall
South
2. the, happy, young
3. the, lifelong, the, intense 1. east
4. Example: enormous 2. south
5. Example: new 3. west
6. the, surprise, a, fun 4. north

page 103 page 108

1. 3 inches Drawings should reflect that the balloon inflated
2. ruler while the bottle was in hot water and deflated
3. while the bottle was in cold water.

page 109
4.
Possible answers include: tea, teach, cheer, ache,
reach, chart, tar, art, cheat, eat, rat, hat, cat, chat,
char, act, tear, heat
5. 3 centimeters
6. 2 inches
7.

8. 5 centimeters

162 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 APPENDIX
page 113 page 124
1. B 1. 90
2. A 2. 100
3. A 3. 69
4. C 4. 70
5. C 5. 85
6. 100

Answer Key
page 114 7. 90
1. state 8. They are the same number.
2. hear
3. once page 128
4. carry 1. B
5. book 2. D
6. stop 3. A
7. second 4. C
8. without 5. C
9. late
page 129

(cont.)
10. miss
1. friend
page 115 2. area
1. The, Mississippi, River 3. right
2. I, Scholastic 4. eat
3. Example: My uncle told me about his trip to 5. enough
South America. 6. idea
4. Example: I live in Atlanta, Georgia. 7. watch
5. names of countries 8. face
6. Can, Lake Michigan 9. because
10. beautiful
page 118
1. 6 page 130
2. 4 1. yourself
3. 8 2. themselves
4. 6 3. myself
5. 9 4. myself
6. 15 5. yourselves
7. 4 6. myself
8. 7
9. 5 page 133
10. 4 1. July 16th
11. 20 2. 15
12. 3 3. 4
13. 7 4. 34
14. 9 5. 3
6. 7
page 119 7. 48
1. 70 8. 21
2. 20 games
3. 35 page 134
4. 6 inches 1. 843
5. 50 2. 83
6. 19 3. 309
4. 60
page 120 5. 6th or sixth
1. Possible answer: 420 + 561 = 981 6. 205
2. Possible answer: 561 + 420 = 981 7. 9
3. Possible answer: 981 – 561 = 420 and
981 – 420 = 561

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 163

APPENDIX
page 135 page 149
1. Possible answers: 77 + 16 = 93; 1. 98
77 + 10 + 6 = 93; 77 + 3 + 10 + 3 = 93 2. 89
2. Possible answers: 93 – 16 = 77; 3. 123
93 – 3 – 13 = 77; 93 – 3 – 10 – 3 = 77 4. 3
5. 335
page 136 6. 54
(cont.)

1. Accept any answer that shows Caitlin has the 7. 17

most money and Mickey has more money 8. 147
than Kimberly. 9. 736
2. Possible story problem: Caitlin has $1.97 to
Answer Key

10. 154
spend at the snack shack. Mickey has $1.17
to spend at the snack shack. Kimberly has page 150
$0.53 to spend at the snack shack. How much
more money does Caitlin have than Mickey? Girl Yards
How much more money does Mickey have
Laura 3
than Kimberly?
Maria 5
page 143
1. D Sarah 2
2. B Jean 5
3. B
4. C
5. C Distance Friends Threw a Football
8
page 145
7
1. I woke up in the morning when the sun came up.
2. paid 6
number of yards

3. caught
5
4. found
5. meant 4
6. wrote
3
page 146 2
Penguins live where it is very cold. 1
You can find penguins in the water but not in the sky.
Each set of penguins has one or two babies a year.
Laura Maria Sarah Jean
Penguins can swim, but they cannot fly.
Friends
page 148
1. longer
2. 2m page 151
3. more than 1 meter 1. two halves
4. shorter
5.

2. three thirds

6.

3. four fourths

7. shorter
8. about 1 meter

164 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 APPENDIX

Skills and Standards in This Book

Today’s standards have created more consistency in how mathematics and
English language arts are taught. In the past, states and school districts had
their own standards for each grade level. However, what was taught at a

Skills and Standards in This Book

specific grade in one location may have been taught at a different grade in
another location. This made it difficult when students moved.

Today, many states and school districts have adopted new standards. This
means that for the first time, there is greater consistency in what is being
taught at each grade level, with the ultimate goal of getting students ready to
be successful in college and in their careers.

Standards Features
The overall goal for the standards is to better prepare students for life.
Today’s standards have several key features:

• They describe what students should know and be able to do at each

grade level.

• They are rigorous and dive deeply into the content.

• They require higher-level thinking and analysis.

• They require students to explain and justify answers.

• They are aimed at making sure students are prepared for college and/or
their future careers.

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 165

APPENDIX
Unit Outline
This book is designed to help your child meet today’s rigorous standards. This
section describes the standards-based skills covered in each unit of study.
(cont.)

• Read and answer questions about a • Add and subtract within 20.
narrative and a piece of nonfiction text. • Understand place value.
Unit 1

• Practice reading and writing • Identify modes of transportation.

Skills and Standards in This Book

high‑frequency words.
• Understand that water can change
• Identify common spelling patterns. phases, while its volume stays
• Write a narrative about playing with a friend. the same.

• Read and answer questions about a • Understand place value.

narrative and a piece of nonfiction text. • Identify shapes, their sides, and
Unit 2

• Practice reading and writing their vertices.

high‑frequency words. • Understand the characteristics of a
• Use an apostrophe to form contractions. good leader.
• Write an opinion paragraph about • Observe the composition of rocks.
scarecrows.

• Read and answer questions about a • Use place value to

narrative and a piece of nonfiction text. compare numbers.
Unit 3

• Practice reading and writing • Estimate lengths of objects.

high‑frequency words. • Use digital and analog clocks to
• Use frequently occurring irregular tell time.
plural nouns. • Draw a map of the neighborhood.
• Write a narrative about a bad day. • Observe the phases of the moon.

• Read and answer questions about a • Use tables and bar graphs to
narrative and a piece of nonfiction text. solve problems.
• Practice reading and writing • Use concrete models to add
Unit 4

high‑frequency words. and subtract.

• Use an apostrophe to form contractions. • Understand what various people
• Write an opinion paragraph about the beach are responsible for.
or the park. • Record observable properties.
• Solve addition and subtraction word
problems.

• Read and answer questions about a • Solve addition and subtraction

narrative and a piece of nonfiction text. word problems.
Unit 5

• Practice reading and writing • Solve word problems

high‑frequency words. involving money.
• Use adjectives and adverbs correctly. • Identify the local area on a map.
• Write an informative paragraph about • Observe that water is stored in
turtles. leaves.

166 51621—Conquering the Grades © Shell Education

 APPENDIX

• Read and answer questions about a piece • Fluently add and subtract within 100.
Unit 6 of nonfiction text. • Solve addition and subtraction
• Practice reading and writing word problems.
high‑frequency words. • Recognize two- and three-dimensional
• Use commas in letters. shapes.

Skills and Standards in This Book

• Write an opinion paragraph about • Understand the meaning of justice.
eating apples. • Observe the local environment.

• Read and answer questions about • Use place value to compare numbers.
a narrative. • Solve addition and subtraction
• Practice reading and writing word problems.
Unit 7

high‑frequency words. • Understand cardinal directions.

• Identify and use adjectives. • Understand that warm air has more
• Write an informative paragraph about volume than cold air.
pushing and pulling.
• Measure and compare lengths of objects.

• Read and answer questions about a piece • Use concrete models to add and
of nonfiction text. subtract within 1,000.
• Practice reading and writing • Use appropriate tools to
Unit 8

high‑frequency words. measure objects.

• Use correct capitalization. • Understand who has authority and the
• Write a narrative about giving a gift. limits of that authority.

• Skip count by 2s, 5s, and 10s. • Observe how things melt and
that some things cannot become
• Fluently add and subtract within 100. solid again.

(cont.)
• Read and answer questions about • Understand place value within 1,000.
a narrative. • Use number lines to represent addition
• Practice reading and writing and subtraction.
Unit 9

high‑frequency words. • Solve word problems involving money.

• Use reflexive pronouns. • Understand the differences between
• Write an opinion paragraph about a place urban, suburban, and rural areas.
to visit. • Understand that electricity
• Solve addition and subtraction word produces heat.
problems.

• Read and answer questions about a piece • Add and subtract within 1,000.
of nonfiction text. • Partition shapes into halves, thirds,
• Practice reading and writing and quarters.
Unit 10

high‑frequency words. • Create a table and a bar graph to solve

• Use frequently occurring irregular past a problem.
tense verbs. • Understand that a leader puts the
• Write an informative paragraph interests of others first.
about penguins. • Observe properties of magnetic items.

© Shell Education 51621—Conquering the Grades 167

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Conquering Second Grade!

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(date)

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