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Seam2 Notes Prelim B

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7 views20 pages

Seam2 Notes Prelim B

Uploaded by

xioandme
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WHAT ARE THE FUNDAMENTALS

OF SHIP STABILITY?
Ship stability is an area of naval architecture and ship design
that deals with how a ship behaves at sea, both in still water
and in waves, whether intact or damaged. Stability
calculations focus on centers of gravity, centers of
buoyancy, the metacenters of vessels, and on how these
interact.
The concept of hydrostatics and stability can be deemed as
one of the most important areas of focus in ship design and
operation, not only to ensure the safety of the ship, cargo,
crew and passengers but also to enable proper conditions
for completion of all the processes on a ship
WHAT ARE THE FUNDAMENTALS
OF SHIP STABILITY?
o Stability terminologies
o Archimedes principle
o Stability nomenclature
o Stresses
STABILITY TERMINOLOGIES

Force - can be defined as any push or pull exerted on a


body. When taking about force three things must be
considered:
o the magnitude (how strong) of the force
o the direction in which the force is applied
o the point where the force is applied
STABILITY TERMINOLOGIES

Weight - is the force exerted on it by the Earth’s


gravitational force
Mass - In the S.I. system of units it is most important to
distinguish between the mass of a body and its weight.
Mass is the fundamental measure of the quantity of
matter in a body and is expressed in terms of the
kilogram and the ton, while Weight of a body is the
force exerted on it by the Earth’s gravitational force and
is measured in terms of the Newton (N) and kilo-Newton
(kN).
STABILITY TERMINOLOGIES
Weight and Mass are connected by the formula:
“Weight = Mass x Acceleration”

Component forces - two or more forces acting on a


body
Resolution for forces – is the process of finding the
resultant force
Resultant force - a single force which has the same
effect as component forces
STABILITY TERMINOLOGIES
Centers of gravity - is the point at which all the mass of
the body may be assumed to be concentrated.
• the point through which the force of gravity is
considered to act vertically downwards, with a force
equal to the weight of the body.
• The center of gravity of a homogeneous (uniform in
property) body is at its geometrical center.
• The center of gravity of a homogeneous rectangular
block is half-way along its length, half-way across its
breadth and at half its depth.
STABILITY TERMINOLOGIES

Centers of buoyancy - is located at the centroid of the


underwater volume of the ship. When the ship is heeled
over by an external moment the underwater shape
changes and thus the centroid moves. Where the center
of buoyancy moves with respect to the center of gravity
defines the stability characteristics of the ship as the ship
is heeled over.
Metacenters of vessels
STABILITY TERMINOLOGIES
Metacenters of vessels - the point at which a vertical
line through the center of buoyancy crosses a vertical
line through the new center of buoyancy when the ship
is heeled over to a small angle.
“ARCHIMEDES PRINCIPLE”
STABILITY NOMENCLATURE
COMPUTE BASIC INITIAL STABILITY
NOMENCLATURE
To find KB
The centre of buoyancy is the centre of gravity of the
underwater volume.
For a box-shaped vessel on an even keel, the
underwater volume is rectangular in shape and the
centre of buoyancy will be at the half-length, on the
centre line, and at half the draft.
BOX-SHAPED VESSEL
THEREFORE,

For a box-shaped vessel on an even keel:


“KB = 1/2 draft”
TRIANGULAR-SHAPED VESSEL
SHIP-SHAPED VESSEL
CROSS SECTION OF A TRANSVERSE
FORMULA
KM = KB + BM

GM = KM – KG

KB = 1/2 draft, for box-shaped


KB = 2/3 draft, for triangular-shaped
KB = 0.535 x draft, for ship-shaped
FORMULA
BM = B² /12d, for a box-shaped vessel
where: B - beam of the vessel (constant)
d – draft of the vessel (variable)

BM = B² /6d, for a triangular-shaped vessel


where: B - breadth at the waterline (variable)
d – corresponding draft (variable)

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