DATA1047A – Data Management II:

Unstructured Data

MongoDB Commands and

CRUD Operations I

Instructor: Israel Martinez

October 4th, 2023.
Agenda

Installing MondoDB Shell from MongoDB Atlas

Basic MongoDB Commands
CRUD Operations
Inserting Documents in a MongoDB collection
Finding Documents in a MongoDB collection
References
Installing MongoDB Shell from
MongoDB Atlas
Installing MongoDB Shell from MongoDB Atlas

• Log in to your Atlas account:

• Log in | MongoDB

• Once logged in, connect to cluster

Installing MongoDB Shell from MongoDB Atlas
Step 3: Select Shell Option
Step 4: Select “I do not have MongoDB shell installed”
Step 5: From “Install from .zip file”, follow sub-steps 2
and 3

Install mongosh — MongoDB Shell

Some Basic Commands
Some Basic Commands

• To display the database you are using, type db:

> db

• The operation should return test, which is the default database.

• To switch databases, issue the use <db> helper, as in the following example:

> use <database>

• To list the databases available to the user, use the helper:

> show dbs.

Create a New Database and Collection

• To create a new database, issue the use <db> command with the database
that you would like to create. Example

> use myNewDatabase

• To create a new collection, you can use the insertOne() operation:

> db.myCollection.insertOne( { x: 1 } );

• If a collection does not exist, MongoDB creates the collection when you
first store data for that collection.
More Commands

• To show all collections in a database:

>show collections

• To clear the console:

>cls

• Alternatively:
>console.clear()
More Commands

• To terminate a running command:

➢ <Ctrl + C>

• Press twice <Ctrl + C> to exit mongosh

• Or alternatively

>exit
CRUD Operations
CRUD Operations

• CRUD operations create, read, update, and delete

documents.

• In this session we are going to focus on create and read

operations

• Tomorrow we will focus on update and delete operations

Create Operations

• Create or insert operations add new documents to a

collection.

• If the collection does not exist, create operations also

create the collection.

• You can insert a single document or multiple documents in

a single operation.
Read Operations

• Read operations retrieve documents from a collection

• Example: query a collection for documents.

• You can specify criteria, or filters, that identify the

documents to return.
Inserting Documents in a
MongoDB Collection
Insert a Single Document

• The insertOne() command inserts a document into a

collection.

• Within the parentheses of insertOne(), include an object

that contains the document data.
Example

db.grades.insertOne({
student_id: 654321,
products: [
{
type: "exam",
score: 90,
},
{
type: "homework",
score: 59,
},
{
type: "quiz",
score: 75,
},
{
type: "homework",
score: 88,
},
],
class_id: 550,
})
Insert Multiple Documents

• Use insertMany() to insert multiple documents at once.

• Within insertMany(), include the documents within an

array.

• Each document should be separated by a comma.

Example
db.grades.insertMany([
{ {
student_id: 546789, student_id: 777777,
products: [ products: [
{ {
type: "quiz", type: "exam",
score: 50, score: 83,
}, },
{ {
type: "homework", type: "quiz",
score: 70, score: 59,
}, },
{ {
type: "quiz", type: "quiz",
score: 66, score: 72,
}, },
{ {
type: "exam", type: "quiz",
score: 70, score: 67,
}, },
], ],
class_id: 551, class_id: 550,
}, },
Example (continuation)
{
student_id: 223344,
products: [
{
type: "exam",
score: 45,
},
{
type: "homework",
score: 39,
},
{
type: "quiz",
score: 40,
},
{
type: "homework",
score: 88,
},
],
class_id: 551,
},
])
Finding Documents in a
MongoDB Collection
Read All Documents in a Collection

• To read all documents in the collection, pass an empty

document as the query filter parameter to the find()
method.

• The query filter parameter determines the select criteria.

Read All Documents in a Collection

To return all documents from the grades collection:

db.grades.find()
Find a Document with Equality

• When given equality with an _id field, the find() command

will return the specified document that matches the _id.

• Example:

db.grades.find({ _id:ObjectId("651ccbab0023e1dfba073da8")
})
Find a Document with Equality

• In addition, the find() command can work with any other

field.

• Example:

db.grades.find({ class_id: 550})

Find a Document by Using the $in Operator

• The $in operator is used to select documents where the

value of a field equals any value in the specified array.

• Example:

db.grades.find({ class_id: { $in: [550, 551] } })

Finding Documents by Using Comparison Operators

• Comparison operators:

• $gt
• $lt
• $lte
• $gte
The $gt Comparison Operator

• The $gt operator matchs documents with a field greater

than the given value.

• Example:

• db.grades.find({"products.score": { $gt: 60}})

The $lt Comparison Operator

• The $lt operator matchs documents with a field less than

the given value.

• Example:

• db.grades.find({"products.score": {$lt: 60}})

The $lte Comparison Operator

• The $lte operator matchs documents with a field less than

or equal to the given value.

• Example:

• db.grades.find({"products.score": { $lte: 70}})

The $gte Comparison Operator

• The $gte operator matchs documents with a field greater

than or equal to the given value.

• Example:

• db.grades.find({"products.score": { $gte: 65}})

Find a Document by Using the $elemMatch Operator

• The $elemMatch operator can be used to find all

documents that contain the specified subdocument. For
example:

db.grades.find({
products: {
$elemMatch: { type: "exam", score: { $gt: 60 }},
},
})
Finding Documents by Using Logical Operators

• Logical operators:

• implicit $and
• $or
• $and
Find a Document by Using Implicit $and

• By using implicit $and, you can select documents that

match multiple expressions.

• Example:

• db.grades.find({"class_id": 551, "products.score": { $gte:

60 } })
Find a Document by Using the $or Operator

• The $or operator can be used to select documents that

match at least one of the included expressions.

• Example:

db.grades.find({
$or: [{"products.type": "quiz" }, {"product.score" : 70 }],
})
Find a Document by Using the $and Operator

• The $and operator can be used for multiple $or expressions in

your query.

db.grades.find({
$and: [
{ $or: [{"products.type" : "quiz" }, {"products.score" : 70}] },
{ $or: [{"class_id": 550 }, {"student_id" : 654321}] },
]
})
Next Session

• MongoDB CRUD Operations II

This lecture was based on these sources:

A Comprehensive Guide To Data Modeling | MongoDB

Identifying Database Workloads - Learn | MongoDB

Modeling Data Relationships - Learn | MongoDB

Images credit: A Comprehensive Guide To Data Modeling | MongoDB