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E Q U I R E MENTS OF THE
H E R P OLY
O T TEC
G T HN
D IN IC
O R ST
C UD
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AC T
SY
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B U S

Vol.1

Prepared By: Puan Samsiah Binti Sha'aban

COURSE LEARNING OUT COMES (CLO):

Upon completion of this course, students should be able to:

CLO1 : Implement the roles of engineering profession towards the developing of

society and its challenges in globalization (C3,PLO6)

CLO2 : Determine the important of work ethics, bylaws and professionalism in

engineering profession. (C4,PLO8)

CLO3 : Determine the needs for sustainable and green engineering towards
providing the solutions in engineering field. (C4,PLO7)

PROGRAMME LEARNING OUT COMES (PLO):

Upon completion of this course, students should be able to:

PLO6: Demonstrate knowledge of the societal, health, safety, legal and cultural
issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to engineering technician
practice and solutions to well-defined engineering problems (DK7)

PLO7: Understand and evaluate the sustainability and impact of engineering

technician work in the solution of well-defined engineering problems in
societal and environmental contexts (DK7)

PLO8: Understand and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and

norms of technician practice

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Prepared By: Puan Samsiah Binti Sha'aban
Chapter 1
WHAT IS ENGINEERING AND SOCIETY ?

ENGINEERING

Engineering is the application of scientific and mathematical principles to

create, solve, design, innovate, and improve things that affect our daily
lives.
according Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET)

“The profession in which a knowledge of the mathematical and natural

sciences gained by study, experience and practice is applied with
judgment to develop ways to utilize, economically, the materials and
forces of nature for the benefit of mankind.”

Engineering is the creative application of science, mathematical methods, and

empirical evidence to the innovation, design, construction, and maintenance
of ofstructure, machines, materials, devices, systems, processes and
organizations.

The discipline of engineering encompasses a broad range of more specialized

field of engineering, each with a more specific emphasis on particular areas of
applied mathematics, applied science, and types of application, and types of
application.

SOCIETY
[Cambridge Dictionary]
A large group of people who live together in an organized way, making
decisions about how to do things and sharing the work that needs to be done.
All the people in a country, or in several similar countries, can be referred to as
a society

[lexio.com/definition]
The community of people living in a particular country or region and having
shared customs, laws, and organizations

[Merriam-Webster.com/dictionary]
A community, nation, or broad grouping of people having common traditions,
institutions, and collective activities and interests.

The Role of Society The Interdependence

Engineering cannot exist in a Engineering and society are

vacuum; inextricably linked;
its work is only meaningful and a change in one brings about
practical when it fulfills consequences in the other.
society's needs and goals.

Prepared By: Puan Samsiah Binti Sha'aban

SOCIAL, ECONOMIC AND INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
ISSUE IN MALAYSIA

ECONOMY
SOCIAL

High Income
Life Style ISSUES HAPPEN
DURING Variety of Job
DEVELOPMENT
Medical
Economy Focus
Infrastructure
Export
Education

INDUSTRIAL
Connection

IR 4.0

Quality

Productivity

Saving

SOCIAL ISSUE HAPPEN DURING DEVELOPMENT

Gap between rural and urban area.

Basic infrastructure.
Life quality improvement throught education, health and infrastructure.

ECONOMY ISSUE HAPPEN DURING DEVELOPMENT

Racial riot - 13 May 1969

Reduce income gap between racial.
Increase job opportunity - new land for agricultural.
Share holder in company monopoly.

INDUSTRIAL ISSUE HAPPEN DURING DEVELOPMENT

Lack of knowledge in technology
Not enough skill worker.
Lack of profesional worker.
High cost for technology implementation.
Market to sales the product.
Money, time and quality.

Prepared By: Puan Samsiah Binti Sha'aban

The Fascinating History of Engineering.

Engineering has played a crucial role in shaping the world we live in today.
From the earliest civilizations to modern times, engineering milestones have
been observed.

Early Engineering Advancements

Early civilizations such as the Mesopotamians and Egyptians made incredible

engineering advancements. The construction of colossal pyramids and the
innovation of irrigation systems are a testament to the ingenuity of these
ancient civilizations.

(1) The Wheel

The wheel was invented (2) The Aqueduct

around 3500 BC and The first aqueducts date
revolutionized transportation back to ancient Greece, and
for millennia. were perfectly engineered
structures which
transported water across
large distances using only
gravity.

(3) The Printing Press

Invented by Gutenberg in
the 15th century, the
printing press
revolutionized the way
** From the invention of the
printing press to the
societies communicated
development of the internet,
and documented engineering has played a
information. vital role in shaping society.

Engineering During the Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution of the 18th and 19th centuries saw a wave of
technological advancements that propelled humanity into the modern era.

The Steam
Engine The Telegraph The Assembly Line

The invention of The telegraph was Henry Ford revolutionized

the steam engine invented in the mid- mass production with the
in the early 1700s 1800s and allowed invention of the assembly
paved the way for people to instantly line, which allowed workers
the mechanization communicate across to specialize in specific tasks,
of factories and long distances for the boosting efficiency and
transportation. first time in history. productivity. 3

Prepared By: Puan Samsiah Binti Sha'aban

 Early Engineering Advancements Recent Developments in
Engineering
The 20th century saw some of the
greatest engineering feats in history, The 21st century has brought an
from the development of electricity explosion of technological
to space travel. advancements and engineering
breakthroughs that are changing
our world.

Hydroelectric Power

Hydroelectric power stations

harness the power of flowing water
to generate electricity and have
greatly reduced our dependence on The Hyperloop
fossil fuels.
The Hyperloop is a transportation
concept that uses pods to
transport passengers at high
speeds through low-pressure
tubes, drastically reducing travel
time between cities.

Aircraft Carriers

Aircraft carriers are massive ships

that can transport and launch
dozens of aircraft, making them
critical to military operations
around the world.

The Human Genome Project

The Human Genome Project was a

massive undertaking that mapped
out the entire human genome,
paving the way for new treatments
and therapies for genetic diseases.

The Mars Rover

Computer Chips
The Mars Rover is a robotic
The invention of the integrated exploration vehicle sent to Mars to
circuit in the 1960s revolutionized study its geology, search for signs
computing and gave birth to the of water, and look for evidence of
modern digital age. past life. 4

Prepared By: Puan Samsiah Binti Sha'aban

The Importance of Engineering in Society

Infrastructure Development
Engineers design and build the
structures that support our Technological Advancement
communities such as roads,
Engineers lead the development
bridges, and buildings, ensuring
of new technologies that allow for
their safety and durability.
communication, transportation,
and medical advances,
transforming the way we live and
Sustainability
work.
Engineers innovate and implement
sustainable solutions to tackle
environmental challenges like
climate change and resource
depletion, ensuring a better future
for generations to come.

The Role of Engineers in Society

Problem Solvers

Engineers take a systematic approach towards solving problems, applying

their knowledge, skills, and creativity towards developing solutions that help
society solve pressing issues effectively.

Influential Stakeholders

Engineers take a systematic approach towards solving problems, applying

their knowledge, skills, and creativity towards developing solutions that help
society solve pressing issues effectively.

Creatives

Engineers can also be creatives who think outside the box, innovating
solutions even before the general public is aware of a particular problem.

Educators
Engineers can be powerful educators, as they help others understand
technical concepts and how to apply them for societal benefit.

Planning and Design

Engineers work closely with architects and urban planners to design and
develop spaces that are functional, safe, and accessible.
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Prepared By: Puan Samsiah Binti Sha'aban

Research and Development

Engineers conduct research to push the boundaries of science and

technology, and develop new solutions and technologies that can solve
the most pressing societal challenges.

Project Management

Engineers manage complex projects and teams, ensuring they stay on

track, on schedule, and on budget while maintaining the highest quality
of work.

Example of Engineering Scope

Aerospace Engineering Focuses on aircraft and spacecraft.

Focuses on medicine and medical

Biomedical Engineering
equipment.

Chemical Engineering Focuses on chemical resources and

product.

Construction on large system,

Civil Engineering
Structures and environmental system
and building.

Computer Engineering Focuses on development of software

and hardware.

Electrical Engineering Focuses on electricity, electronics and

electromagnetism.

Industrial Engineering Focuses on design, optimization,

operation of production and logistics.

Focuses on development and operation

Mechanical Engineering of energy system, transports system,
manufacturing systems, machines and
control systems..

Metallurgical Engineering Focuses on extraction of metals from its

ores and development of new
materials.

Software Engineering Focuses on the design and

development of software systems.

Prepared By: Puan Samsiah Binti Sha'aban

The Impact of Engineering on Society

Renewable Energy

Engineering has created

sustainable and eco-
friendly solutions, like wind
turbines, that revolutionize Healthcare
the energy sector.
Innovative healthcare techniques and
technologies, such as robotic surgery
and bioprinting, have increased
medical efficiency and saved
countless lives.
Transportation

Engineering makes travel more

convenient and safe, with
advancements in self-driving
cars and traffic management
systems.

The Engineer's Role in Organizational Success

An engineer's contributions to an organization go beyond technical

expertise. Engineers can thrive in the workplace with communication,
collaboration, and leadership skills.

Engineers are crucial for organizational success. To succeed in the modern

workplace, engineers need to possess more than just technical skills.
Collaboration, communication, and leadership are equally important in an
engineer's role. Invest in developing these skills to advance your career.

Key Responsibilities of an Engineer

Product Development
From prototyping to production, engineers are responsible for
ensuring product quality and scalability

Project Management
Engineers lead project planning and execution, from determining
schedules and budgets to assignment of tasks

Continuous Improvement
Engineers are responsible for finding creative ways to optimize
processes and increase efficiency in an organization.
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Prepared By: Puan Samsiah Binti Sha'aban

The Challenges of Engineers in Today's Organizations

As the demand for technological innovation continues to grow, engineers

are becoming increasingly important assets to organizations worldwide.
However, engineers often face unique challenges in their work
environments that can hinder their productivity and overall success.
Engineers face unique challenges – from a lack of resources and support to
communication and collaboration barriers within an organization. However,
by developing effective communication, creative resource utilization, strong
leadership techniques, and team-building skills, engineers can overcome
these challenges and succeed in the modern workplace.

The Importance of Effective Communication for Engineers

Collaboration
Engineers often collaborate across team, department, and even
organizational lines. Without open communication, it is challenging to
coordinate the various aspects of work and share resources effectively.

Project Management
Project management relies heavily on strong communication. From setting
project timelines to resolving issues mid-project, effective communication is
essential for a successful project outcome.

Customer Relationships
Many engineers work directly with customers. Strong communication skills
are necessary to manage customer expectations, gather and communicate
feedback, and develop solutions that meet customer needs.

Career Advancement
Effective communication is not only essential for short-term success, but it
can also help engineers advance in their careers. Strong communication can
help them negotiate offers, share their ideas with higher-ups, and build a
professional network.

Active Listening
Engineers should listen actively to understand the needs of stakeholders and
team members.

Clear and Concise Messaging

Engineers should communicate technical details in a way that everyone can

understand.

Professional Emails
As a primary mode of communication with clients and team members,
emails should be professional, concise, and effective.

Prepared By: Puan Samsiah Binti Sha'aban

Importance of Collaboration for Engineers

Shared Vision
Collaboration allows engineers to align their goals with those of the
organization and work towards a common vision.

Enhanced Creativity

Collaboration results in brainstorming sessions that can lead to innovative

solutions that may not have been possible working alone.

Improved Communication

Collaboration improves communication within teams and across

departments, which leads to a more efficient and effective organization.

Leadership Qualities for Engineers

Visionary and forward-thinking Provide Feedback

Effective decision-making skills Build a Team Oriented Focus

Ability to inspire and motivate others Be Clear on Communication

Excellent problem-solving skills

Results-oriented and goal-driven

Skills and Knowledge Required for an Engineer's Role in an Organization

Technical Skills
Engineers are required to have a deep understanding of their area of
expertise, whether it's coding, electronics, or mechanical engineering.

Soft Skills
Engineers also need to possess soft skills such as communication,
collaboration, leadership, and problem-solving.

Engineers are crucial for organizational success. To succeed in the

modern workplace, engineers need to possess more than just
technical skills. Collaboration, communication, and leadership are
equally important in an engineer's role. Invest in developing these
skills to advance your career.

Prepared By: Puan Samsiah Binti Sha'aban

The Challenges of Engineers in Today's Organizations

Engineers face unique challenges – from a lack of resources and support to

communication and collaboration barriers within an organization. However,
by developing effective communication, creative resource utilization, strong
leadership techniques, and team-building skills, engineers can overcome
these challenges and succeed in the modern workplace.

Handling Teamwork Issues

as an Engineer

Conflict Resolution
Engineers can address conflict
through active listening, being
diplomatic and assertive, and
finding common ground with
their team members.

Brainstorming Sessions
Engineers can conduct productive brainstorming sessions by setting clear
goals and objectives, listening actively to others input, and encouraging
everyone to participate.

Project Management
Engineers can improve collaboration by establishing clear roles and
responsibilities, setting attainable project goals from the outset, and regular
check-ins to offer feedback and support.

Balancing Work-life as an Engineer

1.Take Breaks 3. Investigate Flexibility

Taking breaks can help improve Engineers can investigate the
overall productivity and well- flexibility of their work
being, and make it easier to environment, including shift work
balance work responsibilities arrangements, work-from-home
with personal life obligations. policies & benefits, and parental
leave policies.

2. Set Boundaries 4. Active Relaxation

Engineers can prioritize their Engaging in relaxation activities
time by setting boundaries can help reduce stress and
around when they are available stimulate creativity. Many
for work tasks and personal engineers find that physical
tasks, respectively. This can help activities, such as exercise or yoga,
maintain work-life balance and can help them relax and refocus.
overall well-being.

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Prepared By: Puan Samsiah Binti Sha'aban