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Algorithm Overview

An algorithm is a sequence of steps used to solve problems or complete tasks, crucial for data processing and decision-making. Good algorithms have specific characteristics such as input, output, definiteness, finiteness, and effectiveness. They come in various types, including search, sorting, recursive, dynamic programming, greedy, and backtracking algorithms, and are applied in real-world scenarios like web search, GPS, data encryption, financial trading, and machine learning.

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5 views2 pages

Algorithm Overview

An algorithm is a sequence of steps used to solve problems or complete tasks, crucial for data processing and decision-making. Good algorithms have specific characteristics such as input, output, definiteness, finiteness, and effectiveness. They come in various types, including search, sorting, recursive, dynamic programming, greedy, and backtracking algorithms, and are applied in real-world scenarios like web search, GPS, data encryption, financial trading, and machine learning.

Uploaded by

richietawiah0432
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Understanding Algorithms

What is an Algorithm?
An algorithm is a defined sequence of steps or instructions that are followed to solve a problem or

complete a specific task. In computing, algorithms are essential for data processing, calculations,

automated reasoning, and decision-making.

Characteristics of a Good Algorithm


- Input: Takes zero or more inputs.

- Output: Produces at least one output.

- Definiteness: Each step is clearly and unambiguously defined.

- Finiteness: Terminates after a finite number of steps.

- Effectiveness: Each step is basic enough to be performed, in principle, by a human using a pencil

and paper.

Types of Algorithms
- Search Algorithms: e.g., Linear Search, Binary Search

- Sorting Algorithms: e.g., Bubble Sort, Merge Sort, Quick Sort

- Recursive Algorithms: Solve problems by solving smaller instances of the same problem

- Dynamic Programming: Breaks problems into overlapping subproblems and stores results

- Greedy Algorithms: Makes the optimal choice at each step

- Backtracking: Tries all possibilities and backtracks on failure

Real-World Applications of Algorithms


Algorithms are used in various real-life scenarios including:

- Web search engines for ranking results

- GPS for route finding

- Data encryption for secure communication


- Financial trading for automated decisions

- Machine learning for predictions and pattern recognition

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