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cpp

This document provides a comprehensive overview of C++ programming and Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) concepts, including basic program structure, data types, conditional statements, loops, functions, classes, and inheritance. It outlines the four pillars of OOP: encapsulation, abstraction, inheritance, and polymorphism, along with examples for each concept. Additionally, it covers file handling basics in C++.

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zohaib962442
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0 views

cpp

This document provides a comprehensive overview of C++ programming and Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) concepts, including basic program structure, data types, conditional statements, loops, functions, classes, and inheritance. It outlines the four pillars of OOP: encapsulation, abstraction, inheritance, and polymorphism, along with examples for each concept. Additionally, it covers file handling basics in C++.

Uploaded by

zohaib962442
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

‭C++ & OOP Revision Notes‬

📘
‭ For Quick PDF Conversion‬
‭✍️Prepared by: ChatGPT Bhai‬

‭1. Basic Structure of C++ Program‬


‭ pp‬
c
‭CopyEdit‬
#include <iostream>‬
‭
using namespace std;‬
‭

int main() {‬
‭
cout << "Hello, World!";‬
‭
return 0;‬
‭
}‬
‭

📝
‭ Output:‬
‭Hello, World!‬

‭2. Variables & Data Types‬


‭ pp‬
c
‭CopyEdit‬
int age = 20;‬
‭
float marks = 88.5;‬
‭
char grade = 'A';‬
‭

‭ Tip:‬
‭int → whole numbers‬
‭float → decimal‬
‭char → single character‬
‭3. Conditional Statements (if-else)‬
‭ pp‬
c
‭CopyEdit‬
int age = 18;‬
‭
if (age >= 18) {‬
‭
cout << "You can vote.";‬
‭
} else {‬
‭
cout << "You are underage.";‬
‭
}‬
‭

📝
‭ Output:‬
‭You can vote.‬

‭4. Loops (for loop)‬


‭ pp‬
c
‭CopyEdit‬
for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {‬
‭
cout << i << " ";‬
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}‬
‭

📝
‭ Output:‬
‭1 2 3 4 5‬

‭5. Functions‬
‭ pp‬
c
‭CopyEdit‬
int add(int a, int b) {‬
‭
return a + b;‬
‭
}‬
‭

int main() {‬
‭
cout << add(5, 3);‬
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}‬
‭
📝
‭ Output:‬
‭8‬

‭6. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Concepts‬


‭🎯 4 Pillars of OOP:‬

‭1.‬ ‭Encapsulation‬

‭2.‬ ‭Abstraction‬

‭3.‬ ‭Inheritance‬

‭4.‬ ‭Polymorphism‬

‭7. Classes and Objects‬


‭ pp‬
c
‭CopyEdit‬
class Student {‬
‭
public:‬
‭
string name;‬
‭
void sayHello() {‬
‭
cout << "Hello, I am " << name;‬
‭
}‬
‭
};‬
‭

int main() {‬
‭
Student s1;‬
‭
s1.name = "Ali";‬
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s1.sayHello();‬
‭
}‬
‭

📝
‭ Output:‬
‭Hello, I am Ali‬
‭8. Constructors‬
‭ pp‬
c
‭CopyEdit‬
class Student {‬
‭
public:‬
‭
Student() {‬
‭
cout << "Constructor called!";‬
‭
}‬
‭
};‬
‭

int main() {‬
‭
Student s1;‬
‭
}‬
‭

📝
‭ Output:‬
‭Constructor called!‬

‭9. Inheritance‬
‭ pp‬
c
‭CopyEdit‬
class Animal {‬
‭
public:‬
‭
void sound() {‬
‭
cout << "Animal sound";‬
‭
}‬
‭
};‬
‭

class Dog : public Animal {};‬


‭

int main() {‬
‭
Dog d;‬
‭
d.sound();‬
‭
}‬
‭
📝
‭ Output:‬
‭Animal sound‬

‭10. Polymorphism (Function Overloading)‬


‭ pp‬
c
‭CopyEdit‬
class Print {‬
‭
public:‬
‭
void show(int a) {‬
‭
cout << "Integer: " << a;‬
‭
}‬
‭

void show(string b) {‬
‭
cout << "String: " << b;‬
‭
}‬
‭
};‬
‭

int main() {‬
‭
Print obj;‬
‭
obj.show("Hello");‬
‭
}‬
‭

📝
‭ Output:‬
‭String: Hello‬

‭11. Encapsulation‬
‭➡ Hiding data using private access modifier‬

‭ pp‬
c
‭CopyEdit‬
class Bank {‬
‭
private:‬
‭
int balance = 1000;‬
‭
public:‬
‭
int getBalance() {‬
‭
return balance;‬
‭
}‬
‭
};‬
‭

‭12. File Handling (Basics)‬


‭ pp‬
c
‭CopyEdit‬
#include <fstream>‬
‭
using namespace std;‬
‭

int main() {‬
‭
ofstream myFile("data.txt");‬
‭
myFile << "Hello File!";‬
‭
myFile.close();‬
‭
}‬
‭

‭📁 Creates a file and writes text into it.‬

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