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Assignment 2

The document contains an assignment for a Mathematics-II course focusing on Conditional Probability, Bayes Theorem, and Independent Events. It includes various probability problems with their respective answers, covering scenarios such as defective lamps, examination failures, and probabilities related to events and conditions. Each question is designed to test understanding of statistical concepts and calculations.

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2 views

Assignment 2

The document contains an assignment for a Mathematics-II course focusing on Conditional Probability, Bayes Theorem, and Independent Events. It includes various probability problems with their respective answers, covering scenarios such as defective lamps, examination failures, and probabilities related to events and conditions. Each question is designed to test understanding of statistical concepts and calculations.

Uploaded by

anitajana127
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Subject Name: Mathematics-II

Subject Code: BSCM203


Assignment-2
Course: B.Tech Semester: 2

Module 4: Basics of Statistics & Probability

Topic: Conditional Probability


Q1. A box contains 5 defective and 10 non-defective lamps. Eight lamps are drawn at random
in succession without replacement. What is the probability that the 8th lamp is the 5th
defective?
Ans: 5/429
Q2. An examination consists of two papers, Paper1 and Paper2. The probability of failing in
paper1 is 0.3 and that in paper 2 is 0.2. Given that a student has failed in paper2, the
probability of failing in paper1 is 0.6. Find the probability of a student failing in both the
papers. Ans: 0.12
Q3. A group consists of equal number of men and women. Of this group 20% of the men
and 50% of the women are unemployed. If a person is selected at random from this group,
find the probability of the selected person being employed. Ans: 0.65
Q4. A missile was fired at a plane where there are two targets, T1 and T2. If the probability of
hitting the targets T1 and T2 are a1 and a2 respectively, then find the probability that T1 was hit,
𝒂
if it is known that T2 was not hit. Ans: 𝟏
𝟏−𝒂𝟐

Q5. An urn contains two white balls and three black balls. The balls are drawn from the urn
one by one and placed on a surface in the drawn order. Find the probability that they are
drawn in the order white, black, black, white, black? Ans: 0.1

Topic: Conditional probability and Bayes Theorem


Q1. Assume that, a new born baby will be either a boy or a girl with equal probability. If a
family has two babies, determine, the probability that both the child are boys, if it is known
that at least one of the baby is a boy. Ans: 1/3
Q2. A pair of dice is thrown. Find the probability of getting a sum of seven, when it is known
that the digit in the first die is greater than that of the second. Ans: 1/5
Q3. In a group of 20 males and 5 females, 10 males and 3 females are service holders. What
is the probability that a person selected at random from the group is a service holder, given
that the selected person is a male. Ans: 1/2
Q4.On an attempt to land an unmanned rocket on the moon, the probability of successful
landing is 40%. The probability that monitoring system will give the correct information
concerning landing is 90% in either case. A shot is made and a successful landing is indicated
by the monitoring system. Find the probability of a successful landing. Ans: 6/7
Q5. In a bolt factory, the machines M1, M2, M3 manufacture respectively 25, 35 and 40 % of
the total product. Of their output 5, 4 and 2 percent respectively are defective bolts. One bolt
is drawn at random from the product and is found to be defective. What is the probability that
it was manufactured by machine M3? Ans: 16/69
Q6.The probabilities of X, Y and Z becoming the Principal of a college are respectively 0.3,
0.5 and 0.2. The probabilities that student aid fund will be introduced in the college if X, Y, Z
become Principal are 0.4, 0.6 and 0.1 respectively. Given that the ‘Student aid fund’ has been
introduced, find the probability that Y has been appointed as the Principal. Ans: 15/22
Q7.In a construction company, the probability that the design becomes faulty is 5%. Also the
probability that the factory collapses if the design becomes faulty is 80% and otherwise 10%.
It is observed that the factory has been collapsed. What is the probability that this is due to
faulty design? Ans: 8/27
Q8. A bag contains 5 balls and it is not known how many of them are white. Two balls are
drawn at random and are found to be white. What is the probability that all of them are
white? Ans: ½
Q9. Suppose that 5% of males and 0.25% of females have grey hair. A grey haired person is
selected at random. What is the probability of this person being male? Assume that there are
equal number of males and females. Ans: 20/21
Topic: Independent Events
Q1. If A and B are independent events, then show that the following pairs are independent:

(i) 𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑 B (ii) A and 𝐵 (iii) 𝐴 and B

Q2. If A and B are two events then prove that (𝐴⁄𝐵) = 1 − 𝑃(𝐴⁄𝐵), provided P (B) > 0.
Q3. A man is known to speak truth 3 out of 4 times. He throws a die and reports that it is a
six. Find the probability that it is actually a six. Ans: 3/8

Q4. The probabilities that a particular sum will be solved independently by two persons A
and B are 0.5 and 0.6 respectively. If both of them try independently, then find the probability
that the sum will be solved. Ans: 0.8
Q5. Three marksmen can hit the target with probabilities ½, 2/3 and ¾ respectively. They
shoot simultaneously and there are two hits. Find the probability of missing the target by each
of the three marksman. Ans: 11/24
Q6. Two players A and B alternatively throw a pair of dice till one of them gets a six and
wins the game. Find their respective probabilities of winning if B starts to throw. Ans: A’s
winning = 5/11; B’s winning = 6/11
Q7. The probability that a teacher will give a surprise test during any class meeting is 1/5. If a
student is absent on two days, what is the probability that he will miss at least one test? Ans:
9/25
Q8. Two urns contain respectively 3 white, 7 red, 15 black balls and 10 white, 6 red, 9 black
balls. One ball is drawn from each urn. Find the probability that both balls are of the same
colour. Ans: 207/625
Q9. A speaks the truth in 75% cases and B in 80% cases. In what percentage of cases are they
likely to contradict each other in stating the same fact? Ans: 7/2

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