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Python Basics

The document outlines various fundamental concepts in Python programming, including data types, control structures, functions, and data structures like stacks, queues, and linked lists. It also covers numerical methods such as the Bisection method, Newton-Raphson method, interpolation techniques, numerical integration, differentiation, and optimization using Lagrange Multipliers. Each section provides key definitions, differences, implementations, and advantages or disadvantages of the methods discussed.

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Divyansh Rana
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8 views3 pages

Python Basics

The document outlines various fundamental concepts in Python programming, including data types, control structures, functions, and data structures like stacks, queues, and linked lists. It also covers numerical methods such as the Bisection method, Newton-Raphson method, interpolation techniques, numerical integration, differentiation, and optimization using Lagrange Multipliers. Each section provides key definitions, differences, implementations, and advantages or disadvantages of the methods discussed.

Uploaded by

Divyansh Rana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Python Basics:

1. What are the advantages of using Python?


Data Types:
1. Name some built-in data types in Python.
2. Explain the difference between a list and a tuple.
3. Explain the difference between a set and a dictionary in Python?
4. How do you convert one data type to another in Python?
5. Discuss the concept of mutability in Python.
Control Structures:
1. What is the purpose of the if statement in Python?
2. Explain the use of the elif statement.
3. What is a for loop, and how does it work in Python?
4. Differentiate between the break and continue statements.
5. How does the while loop function in Python?
Functions in Python:
1. What is a function in Python?
2. How is a function defined in Python?
3. Explain the difference between parameters and arguments in a function.
4. What is the purpose of the return statement in a function?
Stack Implementation:
1. What is a stack?
2. Explain the Last In, First Out (LIFO) property of a stack.
3. How is a stack implemented in Python?
4. What are the basic operations that can be performed on a stack?
5. How can you check if a stack is empty?
6. Demonstrate the push and pop operations on a stack with a simple example.
7. Explain a scenario where a stack might be useful in a programming context.
8. What is the significance of the top element in a stack?
Queue Implementation:
1. What is a queue?
2. Explain the First In, First Out (FIFO) property of a queue.
3. How is a queue implemented in Python?
4. What are the basic operations that can be performed on a queue?
Linked List Implementation:
1. What is a linked list?
2. Explain the difference between an array and a linked list.
3. How is a linked list implemented in Python?
4. What are the advantages and disadvantages of a linked list compared to an array?
Explanation of Bisection Method:
1. Describe the basic idea behind the Bisection method for finding roots.
2. How does the Bisection method work, and what is the main principle or condition to
apply it?
Convergence of Bisection Method:
1. Discuss the convergence criteria for the Bisection method.
2. How does the bisection method guarantee convergence to a root?
Explain the fundamental idea behind the Newton-Raphson method and Secant method.
1. How does the initial guess influence the convergence of the Newton-Raphson
method?
2. What are the advantages of the Newton-Raphson method over the Bisection method?
3. Are there cases where the Newton-Raphson method may not be suitable?

4. Explain the basic principle behind the Secant method.


5. What is the convergence criterion in the Secant method?
6. Compare the Secant method with the Bisection method and the
Newton-Raphson method.
7. What are the advantages and disadvantages of Newton Raphson
Method?

Interpolation:

1. What is interpolation, and why is it used in data analysis?


2. How does linear interpolation differ from cubic spline interpolation?
3. Why did you choose NumPy and SciPy for this task?
4. Can you discuss the advantages and disadvantages of linear and cubic spline
interpolation?

Numerical Integration:

1. What is numerical integration, and when is it used in computational mathematics?


2. Explain the geometrical interpretation of definite integral.
3. Describe the trapezoidal rule for numerical integration.
4. What are the strengths and limitations of the trapezoidal rule?
5. Explain Simpson's rule and how it differs from the trapezoidal rule.
Numerical Differentiation:

1. Explain the geometrical interpretation of derivative of a function at a point.


2. Explain the finite difference method for numerical differentiation.
3. Walk through the algorithm you implemented, such as the forward difference method.
4. How does the choice of step size (h) impact the accuracy of numerical differentiation?
5. What happens if h is too small or too large?
6. Discuss the concept of convergence in the context of numerical differentiation.

Optimization:

1. What are Lagrange Multipliers, and why are they used in optimization?
2. Can you explain the basic idea behind incorporating Lagrange Multipliers into the
optimization process?
3. Describe the objective function and the constraint equation used in your example
program.
4. How do Lagrange Multipliers help in optimizing a function subject to constraints?
5. Walk through the structure of your Python program.
6. How is the Lagrangian formed in your implementation?

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