Formworks
Formworks
FORMWORKS AND
SCAFFOLDING
DETAILED QUANTITY SURVEYING
Prime Buildworks CE3C
DESCRIPTION
Prime Buildworks CE3C
I. FORMWORKS
Prime Buildworks
FORMWORKS
concrete gains strength, ensuring
stability, safety, and precision.
Prime Buildworks
I. FORMWORKS
FORMWORKS
TYPES OF
Prime Buildworks
I. FORMWORKS
FORMWORK
SYSTEM
II. SCAFFOLDING
Prime Buildworks
II. SCAFFOLDING
SCAFFOLDING
TYPES OF
Prime Buildworks
II. SCAFFOLDING
SCAFFOLDING
SUSPENDED SUPPORTED
SCAFFOLDING SCAFFOLDING
Platforms are suspended from above Platforms are supported by standards
using ropes or wires. It is ideal for tall anchored to the ground. They are
buildings but has weight limits and sturdy and suitable for uneven or
can be unsafe in high winds. limited spaces but may have base
footprint issues.
Prime Buildworks CE3C
MATERIALS
Prime Buildworks CE3C
I. SHEATING MATERIAL
Prime Buildworks
I. Sheating Material
Film-Faced Plywood
Prime Buildworks (Phenolic Plywood)
coated with a durable plastic
film, good concrete finish,
formwork for concrete slabs,
walls, and columns
USED
PLYWOODS Commercial Plywood (General
IN PH
Construction Plywood)
non-structural applications or short-
term uses. Suitable for formwork
Structural Plywood
structural uses, formwork in
larger, heavy-duty projects.
Prime Buildworks
I. Sheating Material
STUDS
vertical supporting
members to which
sheathing is attached. MUDSILLS provide a stable base
WALES
long horizontal members FORM TIES
(usually double) used to used to secure the forms against the lateral
support the studs. pressure of freshly poured concrete.
Prime Buildworks
TYPES OF
FORM TIES
Prime Buildworks
FORM
II. Formwork Accessories
ANCHORS
Typically embedded or drilled into the
precast concrete to provide a secure
connection between the formwork and
the precast structure.
SPACERS FORM
maintain the specified distance
between the reinforcing bars
and the form's inside surface.
HANGERS
used to suspend formwork
Prime Buildworks
BRACING
II. Formwork Accessories
FORM SHORES
LINERS
create decorative textures
Carry the weight of the formwork,
concrete, and construction loads
Prime Buildworks
TEXTURES
FROM FORM
LINERS
Prime Buildworks CE3C
FORM-RELEASE
AGENTS
prevent moisture absorption, ensure form
separation, and protect concrete surfaces.
Barrier-type agents: Create a physical barrier
between form and concrete, often made from diesel,
heating, or motor oils.
Chemically reactive agents: Contain fatty acids that
react with lime in concrete, forming a soap that
increases formwork durability and water resistance.
Prime Buildworks
GREASING
Forms are greased before use to prevent water
absorption, which can cause swelling and
warping, and to avoid concrete adherence to
wood pores.
STEEL
SCAFFOLDING
WOOD
SCAFFOLDING
Prime Buildworks
GENERAL
MATERIALS
USED IN
SCAFFOLDING
Prime Buildworks CE3C
CROWBAR HAMMER
Prime Buildworks
SAFETY GLASSES
AND GLOVES
PLIERS
PODGERS PLIERS
Prime Buildworks
HOW TO ESTIMATE
Prime Buildworks CE3C
FOOT
the volume of lumber or wood. It represents the volume
of a piece of wood that is 1 foot long, 1 foot wide, and 1
inch thick.
Prime Buildworks CE3C
NUMBER OF PLYWOODS
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
1 m = 3.3 ft
Step 4
Round up
Prime Buildworks CE3C
1. A storage warehouse consists of eight concrete posts with
dimensions of 0.20 m x 0.20 m x 3.00 m specify the use of
(¼” x 4’ x8’) phenolic wood on 2” x2” x 20’ wood frame. If
you are to create a continuous rib-type formwork for this
warehouse, how much will you need for the following
materials?
NUMBER OF PLYWOODS
Prime Buildworks CE3C
1. A storage warehouse consists of eight concrete posts with
dimensions of 0.20 m x 0.20 m x 3.00 m specify the use of
(¼” x 4’ x8’) phenolic wood on 2” x2” x 20’ wood frame. If
you are to create a continuous rib-type formwork for this
warehouse, how much will you need for the following
materials?
NUMBER OF WOODFRAMES
Step 1
Round up
Prime Buildworks CE3C
1. A storage warehouse consists of eight concrete posts with
dimensions of 0.20 m x 0.20 m x 3.00 m specify the use of
(¼” x 4’ x8’) phenolic wood on 2” x2” x 20’ wood frame. If
you are to create a continuous rib-type formwork for this
warehouse, how much will you need for the following
materials?
NUMBER OF WOODFRAMES
Step 1
Prime Buildworks CE3C
1. A storage warehouse consists of eight concrete posts with
dimensions of 0.20 m x 0.20 m x 3.00 m specify the use of
(¼” x 4’ x8’) phenolic wood on 2” x2” x 20’ wood frame. If
you are to create a continuous rib-type formwork for this
warehouse, how much will you need for the following
materials?
It needs 9 pcs of ¼”
x 4’ x8’ phenolic
wood and 41 pcs of
2” x2” x 20’ wood
frames.
Prime Buildworks CE3C
WHY?
FORMWORK
BEAMS
AND GIRDER
Only the bottom and side faces of
beams are covered with plywood,
leaving the top face open for
concrete passage.
Prime Buildworks CE3C
NUMBER OF PLYWOODS
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
1 m = 3.3 ft
Step 4
Round up
Prime Buildworks CE3C
NUMBER OF PLYWOODS
Prime Buildworks CE3C
NUMBER OF WOODFRAMES
Step 1
Round up
NOTE: The difference in the multiplier arises because columns require more lumber for
formwork than beams, as they cover four sides compared to the three sides of beams.
Prime Buildworks CE3C
NUMBER OF WOODFRAMES
Prime Buildworks CE3C
It needs 25 - ¼” x 4’ x 8’
plywood form and 626
pcs of 2” x 2” lumber
frame.
Prime Buildworks CE3C
D.
D. SCAFFOLDING
SCAFFOLDING
COLUMNS
BEAMS
CONCRETE SLAB
FLOOR SLAB FORMS
Prime Buildworks CE3C
Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
Prime Buildworks CE3C
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Prime Buildworks CE3C
Step 1
Step 2
Prime Buildworks CE3C
Step 1
Step 2
Prime Buildworks CE3C
A.) Columns: 252 board feet 2 "x 3" and 1177 board feet 2" x 2"
B.) Beams: 306 board feet 2” x 3” and 240 board feet 2” x 2”
C) For Slab: 655 board feet - 2” x 3”
D) Floor Slab Form: 25pcs of 4' x 8' plywood
Prime Buildworks CE3C
PROCEDURE FOR
INSTALLING FORMWORKS
Prime Buildworks CE3C
OVERVIEW OF
FORMWORK
INSTALLATION
To ensure safe and precise
concrete structures by
maintaining the integrity of the
formwork.
Prime Buildworks CE3C
SELECTION OF MATERIALS
Common Materials:
Timber, Steel, Aluminum and,
Plastic/Modular
Considerations: Budget,
type of construction, and
desired finish.
Prime Buildworks
FORMWORK
DESIGN
Design Verification: Must handle loads from
concrete, workers, and equipment. It should
comply with the DPWH Standard
Specifications and Building Code.
SITE PREPARATION
FORMWORK
vertical formwork with
shoring.
Install Braces: Ensure
stability with horizontal,
vertical and diagonal braces.
Apply Release Agent:
Prevent concrete sticking.
Secure Joints: Tighten
using bolts or form ties.
Prime Buildworks CE3C
Formwork Ties:
Hold panels
together and resist
concrete pressure.
Temporary
Bracing: Supports
formwork during
pouring.
TIES AND BRACING
Prime Buildworks
CHECKING
ALIGNMENT
AND LEVELING
Check Alignment: Use laser levels and
measuring tools to ensure straight
formwork.
POURING
CONCRETE
Once the formwork is securely in place
CURING OF
CONCRETE
Curing: Keep the concrete moist during
curing to prevent cracking and ensure
hydration. The formwork stays in place
for 24-48 hours, depending on the
concrete mix and environmental
conditions, to protect against heat,
wind, and rain.
Prime Buildworks
STRIPPING OF
THE FORMWORK
Stripping: Once the concrete has gained
sufficient strength (typically around
70% of its final strength), after 24-48
hours, the formwork can be stripped. The
formwork is carefully removed without
disturbing the shape or surface of the
concrete.
Prime Buildworks CE3C
FORMWORK REMOVAL
Prime Buildworks
INSPECTION AFTER
FORMWORK REMOVAL
SAFETY MEASURES
Always wear appropriate personal protective
equipment (PPE), including safety glasses,
gloves, and hard hats.
SAFETY MEASURES
Perform “Load Testing”
(testing procedure): If the
formwork is used for large or
high-load concrete pours,
perform a load test to verify
that it can handle the weight
of the concrete without
excessive deflection.
Prime Buildworks CE3C
SAFETY MEASURES
Use appropriate lifting
equipment to move heavy
formwork components.
PROCEDURE FOR
SCAFFOLDING
INSTALLATION
Prime Buildworks CE3C
OVERVIEW OF
FORMWORK
INSTALLATION
Proper scaffolding installation
involves several sequential steps
to ensure safety and compliance
with regulations.
Prime Buildworks
PLANNING AND
PREPARATION
Assess the site for hazards (e.g., overhead
power lines, underground utilities).
THE BASE
evenly distribute
weight.
Use sole boards for soft
or uneven ground.
Ensure the base is firm,
stable, and well-
drained.
Minimum dimension is
150mm x 150mm
Prime Buildworks CE3C
LEDGERS
poles (ledgers) to the
standards for structural
support.
Maintain a maximum
distance of 1.8 meters
between ledgers.
Ensure ledgers are level
and secured with right-
angle clamps.
Prime Buildworks CE3C
TRANSOMS
perpendicular to
ledgers for additional
horizontal support.
Install transoms no
more than 1.2 meters
apart.
Ensure transoms are
level and securely
connected.
Prime Buildworks CE3C
BRACES in an X-shape
between standards
for stability.
Install at least two
braces per section
to prevent swaying.
Prime Buildworks CE3C
PLATFORMS
platforms on top of
ledgers and transoms,
ensuring they are no
more than 3 meters
apart.
Ensure platforms are
level, secure, and
equipped with
guardrails.
Prime Buildworks CE3C
SCAFFOLDING
INSPECTION
AND TAGGING
Each scaffold access that has
been inspected and deemed
safe for use shall be tagged
with green tag
Prime Buildworks CE3C
SCAFFOLDING
INSPECTION
AND TAGGING
Yellow tags marked "CAUTION" shall be
placed whenever special safety
requirements are necessary, or when a
scaffold has been modified to meet work
requirements and may present a hazard
to the user.
Prime Buildworks CE3C
SCAFFOLDING
INSPECTION
AND TAGGING
The "UNSAFE FOR USE" tag shall be
applied during the erection and
dismantling of scaffolds, when the
scaffold is left unattended, or when the
scaffold is found to be unsafe or defective
upon inspection.
Prime Buildworks CE3C
TESTING PROCEDURES
Prime Buildworks
5. SCAFFOLDING PERMIT
1. APPLICANT INFORMATION
2. CONSTRUCTION DETAILS
3. DESIGN PROFESSIONAL AND SUPERVISION
4. RESPONSIBILITIES AND CONDITIONS
5. PERMIT INSURANCE AND VALIDITY
Prime Buildworks
B. MOBILE SCAFFOLDING
C. SUSPENDED/SWINGING SCAFFOLDING
1. Hanger Pins: Must be properly installed,
with the bridge capable of supporting 4× the
intended load.
C. SUSPENDED/SWINGING SCAFFOLDING
4. Load Limits:
○ 500 lbs: Max 2 persons.
○ 750 lbs: Max 3 persons (but 2 persons for heavy work).
ALTERNATIVE MATERIALS
Prime Buildworks CE3C
FORMWORKS
Prime Buildworks
POLYSTYRENE FOAM
FABRIC FORMWORK
(INSULATED FORMWORKS)
Prime Buildworks CE3C
SCAFFOLDING
Prime Buildworks
SCISSOR LIFTS
Prime Buildworks
AERIAL LIFTS
Prime Buildworks
BAMBOO
SCAFFOLDING
Salford & Co.
THANK YOU
FOR LISTENING,
FUTURE
ENGINEERS