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JS12 ClassNotes

This chapter discusses the concepts of synchronous and asynchronous programming in JavaScript, highlighting the challenges of callback hell and introducing promises as a solution. It explains the structure and states of promises, as well as the async-await syntax for handling asynchronous operations more effectively. Additionally, it briefly mentions Immediately Invoked Function Expressions (IIFE) as a programming technique.

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1 views

JS12 ClassNotes

This chapter discusses the concepts of synchronous and asynchronous programming in JavaScript, highlighting the challenges of callback hell and introducing promises as a solution. It explains the structure and states of promises, as well as the async-await syntax for handling asynchronous operations more effectively. Additionally, it briefly mentions Immediately Invoked Function Expressions (IIFE) as a programming technique.

Uploaded by

harpreetsingh124580
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What this chapter is about?

async await >> promise chains >> callback hell


Sync in JS
Synchronous

Synchronous means the code runs in a particular sequence of instructions given in the program.
Each instruction waits for the previous instruction to complete its execution.

Asynchronous
Due to synchronous programming, sometimes imp instructions get
blocked due to some previous instructions, which causes a delay in the UI.
Asynchronous code execution allows to execute next instructions
immediately and doesn't block the flow.
Callbacks
A callback is a function passed as an argument to another function.
Callback Hell
Callback Hell : Nested callbacks stacked below one another forming a pyramid structure.
(Pyramid of Doom)

This style of programming becomes difficult to understand & manage.


Promises
Promise is for “eventual” completion of task. It is an object in JS.
It is a solution to callback hell.

let promise = new Promise( (resolve, reject) => { .... } )

Function with 2 handlers

*resolve & reject are callbacks provided by JS


Promises
A JavaScript Promise object can be:

Pending : the result is undefined

Resolved : the result is a value (fulfilled) resolve( result )

Rejected : the result is an error object reject( error )

*Promise has state (pending, fulfilled) & some


result (result for resolve & error for reject).
Promises
.then( ) & .catch( )

promise.then( ( res ) => { .... } )

promise.catch( ( err ) ) => { .... } )


Async-Await
async function always returns a promise.

async function myFunc( ) { .... }

await pauses the execution of its surrounding async function until the promise is settled.
IIFE : Immediately Invoked Function Expression
IIFE is a function that is called immediately as soon as it is defined.

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