ERODE SENGUNTHAR

ENGINEERING COLLEGE
(An Autonomous Institution)
Approved by AICTE, New Delhi, Permanently Affiliated to Anna University- Chennai,
Accredited by National Board of Accreditation (NBA), New Delhi &
National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC), Bangalore with ‘A’ Grade
PERUNDURAI -638 057, TAMILNADU, INDIA.

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND DESIGN

(5 Years Integrated)

LESSON PLAN

Name of the Subject with Code: 23CD404 – Database Design

Course Coordinator : Ms.K.V.Kiruthikaa/AP/M.Tech - CSE
Academic Year : 2024-2025 (EVEN Semester)
Year/ Semester : II / IV Semester
Branch : B.E – CSD

Course Objectives:
 To understand the role of a database management system, relational data model and successfully
apply logical database design principles, including E-R diagrams.
 To construct simple and moderately advanced database queries using Structured Query Language
(SQL).
 To know the importance of functional dependency and normalization, and what role it plays in
the database design process.
 To familiarize with the concepts of a database transaction including concurrency control, backup
and recovery, and data object locking and handling deadlocks.
 To work with the foundation for NoSQL technologies

Course outcomes:

CO1: Understand the use of the Relational model, ER diagrams.

CO2: Apply SQL Queries to define and manipulate the database.
CO3: Comprehend the concept of normalization and apply as a case study.
CO4: Know concurrency control and recovery mechanisms.
CO5: Relate the different models of NoSQL databases.

Actually No.
S. Planned Topics to be Methodolog ICT Tools
conducted Key terms Objectives of
No Date covered y adopted used
date periods
To have an Microsoft
overview of PPT PowerPoint,
Course
1 20.01.25 - the topics 1
Orientation PPT Presentation Smart TV,
covered in
this course Projector
 UNIT I - INTRODUCTION TO DATABASES SYSTEMS
To
understand
Data, the
Database, challenges
 Introduction File associated Microsoft
 Purpose of Processing with PPT PowerPoint,
2 21.01.25 1
Database System, traditional Presentation Smart TV,
System Database FPS, and to Projector
Management explain how
System DBMS
address these
challenges
Physical
To
Level,
understand
Logical
the different Microsoft
Level, View
ways in PPT PowerPoint,
Level,
3 23.01.25 View of Data which data 1
Instance, Presentation Smart TV,
can be
Schema, Projector
presented to
Physical data
users of a
independenc
DBMS
e
Two-tier To learn the
Architecture, types of
Three-tier Database
Architecture, Architecture Microsoft
Database Storage and visualize PPT PowerPoint,
4 27.01.25 1
Architecture Manager, the Presentation Smart TV,
Query components Projector
Processor, of database
Transaction system
Management architecture
To
understand
the structure
of relational
Table, databases Microsoft
 Relational
Record, and the PPT PowerPoint,
Databases
5 28.01.25 Attributes, organization 1
 Database Presentation Smart TV,
Schema, of data into
Schema Projector
Instance schemas to
ensure
efficient data
storage and
retrieval
To
understand Microsoft
Structured PPT PowerPoint,
 Keys the basic
6 30.01.25 Query 1
 Codd’s Rule terminologie Presentation Smart TV,
Languages
s used in Projector
DBMS
7 01.02.25 Relational Predicate, To PPT Microsoft 1
 understand
querying and
Universal manipulating
quantifier, relational
Existential databases in PowerPoint,
Algebra Quantifier, a formal set- Presentation Smart TV,
Relational theoretic Projector
Algebra manner using
Operations relational
algebra
operations
Relational To classify
 Data Model, ER the types of
Models Model, data models Microsoft
 Entity Object-based and gain PPT PowerPoint,
8 03.02.25 1
Relationship Model, knowledge Presentation Smart TV,
Model Semi- about ER Projector
 Constraints structured Model and
Model constraints
To represent
Entity,
 Entity a DBMS
Entity Set, Microsoft
Relationship using ER
Attribute, PPT PowerPoint,
Diagram Diagram
9 04.02.25 Relationship, 1
 Design components Presentation Smart TV,
Relationship
Issues of ER and address Projector
Set, Roles,
Model their design
Degree
issues
To
understand
Generalizatio
advanced
n,
Extended ER concepts of
Specializatio
Features – ER modeling
n, Peer Group
Mapping ER and its -
10 06.02.25 Aggregation, 1
Model to mapping into Learning
Categorizatio
Relational relational
n,
Model schemas for
Participation,
database
Cardinality
implementati
on
To gain
Content knowledge
Beyond the about data Video Projector,
Data
Syllabus: warehousing Demonstrati Smart TV,
11 10.02.25 Warehouse, 1
Data techniques
OLAP on VLC Player
Warehousing and the role
and OLAP of OLAP in a
DBMS

Number of hours specified in the syllabus:09

Number of hours planned:10
Number of hours actually conducted:
Reasons, if any deviation:

UNIT II – SQL AND QUERY PROCESSING

 To provide a
comprehensi
 SQL: Data ve
Definition Create, Alter, understandin
 Domain Drop, g of SQL for Microsoft
types Truncate, defining PPT PowerPoint,
12 13.02.25 1
 Structure of Data types, database Presentation Smart TV,
SQL Select, From, structures Projector
Queries Where and
constructing
efficient
queries.
To learn how
to insert,
update, and
delete data in Microsoft
Insert, PPT PowerPoint,
Modifications a relational
13 15.02.25 Delete, 1
of the Database database Presentation Smart TV,
Update
while Projector
ensuring data
integrity and
consistency
Union, To
Intersect, understand
Except, Min, the uses of Microsoft
 Set Max, Avg, set PPT PowerPoint,
Operations Sum, Count, operations
14 17.02.25 1
 Aggregate Group by, Presentation Smart TV,
and
Functions Order by, Projector
aggregate
Having functions in
Clause RDBMS
To
understand
Null,
how null
Subquery,
values and
 Null Values Outer Query, Microsoft
nested
 Nested Inner Query, PPT PowerPoint,
subqueries
15 18.02.25 Subqueries Correlated 1
are used in Presentation Smart TV,
 Complex Subquery,
SQL queries Projector
Queries Non-
for complex
correlated
data retrieval
Subquery
and
manipulation
16 20.02.25 Virtual, To Role Play - 1
 Views Materialized understand
 Joined View, views for
Relations Natural Join, simplifying
Left Outer queries and
Join, to explore
Right Outer various types
Join, of joins to
Full Outer combine data
Join from
multiple
 relations
effectively
To analyze
and retrieve
data from
multiple Microsoft
Complex Multi-table related tables PPT PowerPoint,
17 24.02.25 1
Queries queries efficiently Presentation Smart TV,
using Projector
techniques
like joins and
subqueries
To
understand
the need for
reusable, Microsoft
PL/SQL: modular and PPT PowerPoint,
PL/SQL
18 25.02.25 Functions, efficient 1
blocks Presentation Smart TV,
Procedures blocks of Projector
code in
database
operations
To
implement
Implicit database
cursor, operations
Explicit using
cursor, Row- cursors,
 Cursors level Trigger, triggers and Microsoft
 Triggers Statement- embedded PPT PowerPoint,
19 27.02.25 1
 Embedded level Trigger, SQL Presentation Smart TV,
SQL Error techniques, Projector
handling, ensuring
Static SQL, error
Dynamic handling and
SQL dynamic
query
execution
To illustrate
Query query
Execution processing
 Query and
Plan,
Processing optimization Microsoft
Parsing,
 Heuristics techniques to PPT PowerPoint,
Query
20 01.03.25 for Query improve the Presentation Smart TV, 1
Evaluation,
Optimizatio efficiency
Query Projector
n
Optimization and
, Cost performance
Estimation of database
systems
21 03.03.25 Content Tree- To PPT Microsoft 1
Beyond the structured understand Presentation PowerPoint,
Syllabus: data, and Smart TV,
Recursive SQL Hierarchy, implement
Projector
 recursive
queries for
Common
analyzing
Table
Queries hierarchical
Expressions
or tree-
(CTE)
structured
data.
Number of hours specified in the syllabus:09
Number of hours planned:10
Number of hours actually conducted:
Reasons, if any deviation:
UNIT III – DEPENDENCIES AND NORMAL FORMS
To identify
the need for
normal forms
and
Motivation for Normalizatio normalizatio Black Board -
22 04.03.25 n mechanism Teaching 1
Normal Forms n
in designing
efficient
database
systems
To
understand
decompositio
n, determine
Decompositi keys and Microsoft
on, Keys, analyze PPT PowerPoint,
Functional
23 06.03.25 Trivial functional 1
Dependencies Presentation Smart TV,
Functional dependencies
Dependency for ensuring Projector
relational
database
normalizatio
n
To learn the
Inference basic rules to
rules, derive and
Reflexivity, understand
Armstrong’s
Augmentatio functional
Axioms for
n, dependencies Black Board
24 10.03.25 Functional - 1
Transitivity, in databases, Teaching
Dependencies
Union, for
tion
Decompositi implementin
on, Pseudo- g
transitivity normalizatio
n
25 11.03.25 Closure for Closure, To PPT Microsoft 1
asset of Attributes, understand Presentation PowerPoint,
Functional Functionally how to Smart TV,
Dependencies determined determine all
Projector
the
functional
dependencies
 that can be
determined
from a given
set of
attributes for
database
normalizatio
n
To
understand
and apply the Microsoft
Atomic, principles of PPT PowerPoint,
Definitions of
26 13.03.25 Unique, 1NF to 1
1NF Presentation Smart TV,
Primary Key design well-
structured Projector
relational
databases
To
Eliminating understand
partial and apply the Microsoft
dependency, principles of PPT PowerPoint,
27 15.03.25 2NF Non-key 2NF to 1
Presentation Smart TV,
attributes, design well-
Composite structured Projector
primary key relational
databases
To
Eliminating understand
transitive and apply the
dependency, principles of Microsoft
Non-trivial 3NF and PPT PowerPoint,
28 17.03.25 3NF and BCNF 1
Functional BCNF to Presentation Smart TV,
dependency, design well- Projector
Candidate structured
keys relational
databases
To
Trivial
understand
Multi–valued
and apply
Dependencie
Multivalued Fourth
s, Non-trivial Quiz -
29 18.03.25 Dependency Normal Form 1
Multi –
and 4NF (4NF) to
valued
eliminate
Dependencie
multivalued
s
dependencies
30 20.03.25 Join Project-Join To PPT Microsoft 1
Dependency – Normal Form understand Presentation PowerPoint,
5NF (PJNF) join Smart TV,
dependencies
Projector
and apply
5NF to
eliminate
redundancy
and ensure
lossless
 decompositio
n
To
understand
and practice
database
normalizatio
Oracle SQL n by
Content
Developer, visualizing Video Projector,
Beyond the
CASE tools, relationships, Demonstrati Smart TV,
31 24.03.25 Syllabus: 1
Online identifying
Tools for on VLC Player
Normalizatio dependencies
Normalization
n Calculators , and
achieving
different
normal forms
using various
tools
Number of hours specified in the syllabus:09
Number of hours planned:10
Number of hours actually conducted:
Reasons, if any deviation:
UNIT IV – TRANSACTIONS
To
understand
Transaction Simple the role of Black Board
32 25.03.25 Concepts Transaction transactions - 1
Teaching
Model in efficient
database
management
Active, To
Partially understand
Committed, the different
Committed, types of Black Board
33 27.03.25 State - 1
Failed, transaction Teaching
Rolled Back, states for
Aborted ensuring data
reliability
Atomicity, To identify
Consistency, the need for
Integrity, ACID Microsoft
ACID PPT PowerPoint,
Durability, properties in
34 29.03.25 Properties 1
maintaining Presentation Smart TV,
efficient Projector
database
systems
35 31.03.25 Concurrency Multiple To PPT Microsoft 1
Control transactions understand Presentation PowerPoint,
the principles Smart TV,
of
Projector
concurrency
control to
ensure data
integrity in
multi-user
 environments
Conflict
SerializabilitTo
y, View understand
Serializabilithow to
y, ensure that
Precedence concurrent Microsoft
Graph transactions PPT PowerPoint,
36 01.04.25 Serializability produce a 1
Presentation Smart TV,
consistent
result, Projector
equivalent to
a sequential
execution of
those
transactions
To learn the
Log-based
basic
Recovery, Microsoft
concepts of
Immediate PPT PowerPoint,
recoverabilit
37 03.04.25 Recoverability Database 1
y and the Presentation Smart TV,
Modification,
components Projector
Redo phase,
of recovery
Undo Phase
algorithms
Exclusive, To
Shared, understand
Compatibilit lock Microsoft
Locking based PPT PowerPoint,
05.04.25 y Matrix, management
38 Protocols 1
Two Phase techniques to Presentation Smart TV,
Locking manage Projector
transaction
concurrency
To
understand
how
transactions Microsoft
Timestamp, PPT PowerPoint,
07.04.25 Timestamp are ordered
39 Cascade 1
Based Protocol and managed Presentation Smart TV,
Freedom
using Projector
timestamps
to ensure
serializability
Wait-die, To identify
Wound-wait, and manage
Wait-for deadlock
Graph, situations in
Prevention, database
Deadlock Detection, systems by
40 08.04.25 Handling Recovery, understandin Role Play - 1
Rollback g prevention
strategies and
implementin
g detection
and recovery
techniques
 Content Fine To illustrate
Beyond the Granularity, hierarchy of Microsoft
Syllabus: Coarse data PPT PowerPoint,
41 11.04.25 1
Multiple Granularity, granularities Presentation Smart TV,
Granularity Intention to improve Projector
Lock Modes concurrency
Number of hours specified in the syllabus:09
Number of hours planned:10
Number of hours actually conducted:
Reasons, if any deviation:
UNIT V – NOSQL DATABASE
To
understand
the
Schema-less importance
Introduction to Black Board
databases, of NoSQL in -
42 15.04.25 NoSQL 1
Distributed addressing Teaching
Architecture the
limitations of
relational
databases
To
understand
the trade-offs
between Microsoft
Consistency, PPT PowerPoint,
Consistency,
43 17.04.25 CAP Theorem Availability, 1
Availability, Presentation Smart TV,
Partition
and Partition Projector
tolerance in
distributed
systems
To classify
Key-Value, Microsoft
the four
Document, PPT PowerPoint,
types of data
44 19.04.25 Data Models Column- 1
models used Presentation Smart TV,
Family,
in NoSQL Projector
Graph
databases
To
understand
the basic
Key-value
principles of Microsoft
Pair,
key-value PPT PowerPoint,
Key-Value Berkeley
45 21.04.25 data models 1
Databases DB, Level Presentation Smart TV,
to efficiently
DB, Amazon Projector
store and
Dynamo DB
retrieve data
using key-
value pairs
46 22.04.25 Document JSON, To learn how PPT Microsoft 1
Databases BSON, XML to store, Presentation PowerPoint,
Documents, query and Smart TV,
Flexible update data
Projector
Schema, in document-
Horizontal based
Scalability database
 mechanism
To
Keyspace, understand Microsoft
Column the uses of PPT PowerPoint,
Column-Family
47 24.04.25 Families, Column- 1
Stores Presentation Smart TV,
Row Keys, Family stores
Timestamp in NoSQL Projector
databases
To illustrate
the structure Microsoft
Nodes, of graph PPT PowerPoint,
Graph
48 28.04.25 Edges, databases
Databases Presentation Smart TV,
Properties and their
uses in Projector
NoSQL
To know
about
Document, designing,
Collection, querying, Microsoft
Working of PPT PowerPoint,
JSON/BSON and
49 29.04.25 NoSQL using 1
, Flexibility, managing Presentation Smart TV,
MongoDB
Field, ID, MongoDB Projector
Sharding using
NoSQL
features
To
understand
Node,
the
Cluster,
architecture
Keyspace,
and working
02.05.25 Table, Seminar -
50 CASSANDRA of Apache 1
Partition,
Cassandra
Commit Log,
for scalable,
Memtable,
fault-tolerant,
Bloom Filter
distributed
databases
To
Table, understand
Column how data is
Content Microsoft
Qualifier, stored in
Beyond the PPT PowerPoint,
Timestamp, tables with
51 03.05.25 Syllabus: 1
HBase Cell, rows and Presentation Smart TV,
Hbase Data
HRegion, column Projector
Model
HMaster, families in a
HFile distributed
environment
Number of hours specified in the syllabus:09
Number of hours planned:10
Number of hours actually conducted:
Reasons, if any deviation:
Total No. of. hours planned 51
No. of. hours prescribed in the syllabus 45

Content beyond the syllabus topics:

 1. Data Warehousing and OLAP
2. Recursive SQL Queries
3. Tools for Normalization
4. Multiple Granularity
5. Hbase Data Model

List of Experiments:
EXP. No. Cycle-I
1. Conceptual Database design using E-R DIAGRAM.
2. Implementation of SQL commands DDL, DML, DCL and TCL
3. Queries to demonstrate implementation of Integrity Constraints
4. Practice of In-built functions
5. Normalize a relational database schema to 1st, 2nd, and 3rd normal forms (CBS)
Cycle-II
6. Implementation of Join operation and Nested Queries, Practicing set operators in SQL
7. queries
Implementation of virtual tables using Views
8. Practice of Procedural extensions(Procedure, Function, Cursors, Triggers)
Application Development using front end tools
a. Inventory Control System
b. Railway Reservation System
9. c. Bank Management System
d. Payroll Processing System
e. Hotel Management System
f. Project Management System
g. Student Information System
10. Implement error handling in PL/SQL using Exception blocks (CBS)

BATCH -A BATCH -B
Actually Actually
S. Planned S. Planned
Conducted EXP. No. Conducted EXP. No.
No. Date No. Date
Date Date
1. 22.01.25 Introduction 1. 24.01.25 Introduction
2. 29.01.25 1 2. 31.01.25 1
3. 05.02.25 2 3. 07.02.25 2
4. 12.02.25 3 4. 14.02.25 3
5. 19.02.25 4 5. 21.02.25 4
6. 26.02.25 5 (CBS) 6. 28.02.25 5 (CBS)
7. 05.03.25 6 7. 07.03.25 6
8. 12.03.25 7 8. 14.03.25 7
9. 19.03.25 8 9. 21.03.25 8
10. 26.03.25 9 10. 28.03.25 9
11. 02.04.25 10 (CBS) 11. 04.04.25 10 (CBS)
12. 09.04.25 Revision 12. 11.04.25 Revision
13. 23.04.25 Model Practical 13. 25.04.25 Model Practical

Content beyond the syllabus experiments:

 1. Normalize a relational database schema to 1st, 2nd, and 3rd normal forms
2. Implement error handling in PL/SQL using Exception blocks.

Tentative Dates of Events:

Reopening Date : 20.01.2025
Last Working Day : 19.05.2025
Internal Assessment Test I : 19.02.2025 – 27.02.2025
Internal Assessment Test II : 19.03.2025 – 27.03.2025
Internal Assessment Test III : 16.04.2025 – 25.04.2025
Model Examination : 05.05.2025 – 08.05.2025

TEXTBOOK(S):
1. Abraham Silberschatz, Henry F. Korth and S.Sudharshan, “Database System Concepts”, Seventh
Edition, McGraw Hill, March 2019.
2. P.J.Sadalage and M. Fowler, "NoSQL Distilled: A Brief Guide to the Emerging World of
Polyglot Persistence", Addison-Wesley Professional, 2013.

REFERENCE(S):
1. C.J.Date, A.Kannan and S.Swamynathan, “An Introduction to Database Systems”, 8 th Edition,
Pearson Education, 2006.
2. Atul Kahate, “Introduction to Database Management Systems”, Pearson Education, New Delhi,
2006.

Web Resources:
1. https://www.opit.com/magazine/rdbms/
2. https://www.mlsu.ac.in/econtents/1117_Relational_database_management_system.pdf
3. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/relational-database
4. https://www.simplilearn.com/tutorials/sql-tutorial/what-is-normalization-in-sql
5. https://fabric.inc/blog/commerce/nosql-ecommerce-data-model

COURSE COORDINATOR HOD/CSD PRINCIPAL