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File Handling in Python Notes

The document provides detailed notes on file handling in Python, covering file objects, built-in functions, methods, and attributes. It discusses standard files, command-line arguments, file system access, execution of files, and persistent storage modules like pickle and json. Key examples and functionalities are outlined to facilitate understanding of file operations in Python.

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77 views3 pages

File Handling in Python Notes

The document provides detailed notes on file handling in Python, covering file objects, built-in functions, methods, and attributes. It discusses standard files, command-line arguments, file system access, execution of files, and persistent storage modules like pickle and json. Key examples and functionalities are outlined to facilitate understanding of file operations in Python.

Uploaded by

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File Handling in Python - Detailed Notes

1. File Objects

A file object is created using open(). It allows reading, writing or modifying files.

Example: f = open("example.txt", "r")

Modes include 'r', 'w', 'a', 'x', 'b', 't', 'r+' depending on the required operation.

2. File Built-in Functions

Important functions: open(), close(), input(), print().

These allow interaction with files, taking input and printing output.

3. File Built-in Methods

Common methods include:

- read(size), readline(), readlines()

- write(string), writelines(list)

- seek(offset), tell(), flush()

These help in reading/writing and controlling the file pointer.

4. File Built-in Attributes

File attributes include:

- file.name: file name

- file.mode: mode of opening

- file.closed: status of file (open or closed)

5. Standard Files
File Handling in Python - Detailed Notes

Python supports stdin, stdout, stderr via sys module.

stdin: standard input (e.g., keyboard)

stdout: standard output (e.g., screen)

stderr: standard error stream.

6. Command-line Arguments

Arguments passed during script execution are accessed using sys.argv.

Example: python script.py input.txt

Then sys.argv[1] will be 'input.txt'.

7. File System Access

Modules like os and shutil allow directory and file manipulation.

Examples:

- os.mkdir("folder"), os.remove("file.txt")

- os.rename(), os.getcwd(), os.listdir()

8. File Execution

Files can be executed using:

- python filename.py (command-line)

- exec(open("script.py").read()) (within code)

9. Persistent Storage Modules

Modules like pickle, json, shelve help store data permanently.

Example with pickle:

import pickle
File Handling in Python - Detailed Notes

with open("data.pkl", "wb") as f: pickle.dump(data, f)

with open("data.pkl", "rb") as f: data = pickle.load(f)

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