Classification of Simulation Simulation is a technique used to model real-world systems in a controlled environment. It helps in studying how a system behaves under different conditions. Simulations can be classified into four main types: e Stochastic Simulation e Deterministic Simulation e Static Simulation e Dynamic Simulation Let’s explore each type in detail with simple examples. 1. Stochastic Simulation Definition A stochastic simulation is one where randomness or probability plays a role in determining the outcome. Every time you run the simulation, you might get a different result because it involves uncertainty. Characteristics e Uses probability and random variables. e The same input may lead to different outputs. e Used when dealing with unpredictable factors like weather, stock markets, or customer behavior. Examples e Weather Forecasting — Weather simulations consider various unpredictable factors like wind speed and temperature changes. e Traffic Flow Simulation —- The number of cars on the road at any given time is uncertain, so simulations useprobabilities to estimate traffic congestion. e@ Stock Market Analysis — Since stock prices fluctuate due to economic changes, a stochastic simulation helps predict future trends. Real-Life Example: Imagine you are rolling a dice to predict which number will appear. Since the outcome is random, this is a stochastic process. 2. Deterministic Simulation Definition A deterministic simulation is one where the outcome is fixed and predictable. If you run the simulation multiple times with the same inputs, you will always get the same result. Characteristics e@ Norandomness or probability is involved. e Thesame input always produces the same output. e Used for systems with fixed rules and conditions. Examples e Projectile Motion - If you throw a ball with a certain speed and angle, its path can be calculated using physics equations. e Chemical Reactions — Given a fixed amount of reactants, the reaction will always produce the same products. e Bank Loan Calculation — If you take a loan of $10,000 with a fixed interest rate, the total amount payable can be calculated precisely. Real-Life Example:If you set an alarm clock to ring at 6 AM, it will always ring at that time unless you change it. There’s no randomness involved. 3. Static Simulation Definition A static simulation is one that does not involve time-based changes. It represents a system at a single point in time rather than over a period. Characteristics No time-dependent behavior. Focuses on a single instance rather than a continuous process. Often used in decision-making models. Examples Inventory Management - A store manager calculates how much stock they need based on current demand without considering future changes. Loan Approval Process — A bank evaluates a customer’s financial situation at a given moment to decide whether to approve a loan. Statistical Analysis of Exam Scores — A teacher calculates the average marks of students in one exam without tracking performance over time. Real-Life Example: A photograph is a static image. It captures a single moment without showing movement or time progression.4. Dynamic Simulation Definition A dynamic simulation models how a system changes over time. It considers time-based interactions and variations in system behavior. Characteristics Involves time-dependent behavior. Tracks changes over a period. Used for studying processes that evolve over time, like weather patterns, population growth, or machine performance. Examples Flight Simulator — A pilot training program that shows how an aircraft behaves in different weather conditions over time. Epidemic Spread - A COVID-19 simulation that tracks how the virus spreads over weeks or months. Water Flow in a Dam - A model that predicts how water levels rise and fall over time based on rainfall. Real-Life Example: A video is a dynamic representation of a scene. Unlike a photo, it shows movement and changes over time.Comparison Table of Simulation Types Simulation a1 Time-Depen | Uses ol Tneg Probability? Example Stochastic Pete G Yes/No a(t Yes/No Can be ido Neel g biolcclersiia Eee TL laa cg fe-| Call t-lalea chemical reactions Loan approval, snapshot ETNA Dynamic Can be ids Epidemic oc-1e fitter simulatorConclusion Simulations are powerful tools for studying complex systems in various fields. Understanding these classifications helps in choosing the right model for a given problem. If randomness is involved > Stochastic If results are fixed > Deterministic If no time progression > Static If time-dependent > Dynamic