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Geometry

The document provides an overview of different types of shapes, categorizing them into plane shapes and solid shapes. It explains the characteristics and properties of various plane figures such as squares, rectangles, triangles, circles, and ovals, as well as solid shapes like cubes, spheres, cylinders, and cones. Each shape is described in terms of its sides, corners, edges, and faces.

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4 views

Geometry

The document provides an overview of different types of shapes, categorizing them into plane shapes and solid shapes. It explains the characteristics and properties of various plane figures such as squares, rectangles, triangles, circles, and ovals, as well as solid shapes like cubes, spheres, cylinders, and cones. Each shape is described in terms of its sides, corners, edges, and faces.

Uploaded by

compnetworxxx
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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There are different types of shapes

Plane shapes and Solid shapes


Plane is a flat surface that extend in all directions
PLANE FIGURES : shapes drawn on a plane called plane figures
plane figures are formed by curved lines or straight lines
plane figure are off two type Open and Closed plane figure
plane figures that start at one point and end at another point are called
open plane figure
example : a curve line begins at point x and at points Y so curve are
open plane figures
Angles are also open plane figure
Closed Plane Figures-
Plane figures that start at one point and end at some point are called
closed plane figure.
Examples : Square Triangle Rectangle Circle Oval are a plane
figure
Polygon - Three or more line segments are called polygons
Pentagon Hexagon Octagon Decagon
Four Sided Polygons are called Quadrilaterals
Square Rhombus Rectangle Parallelogram Kite
Square -2D shape
How many sides and corners does a square have?
A Square has four equal sides, four corners and two Diagonals
Properties of a square :
Four Equal sides with 4 corners

A square has the following properties:


4 sides, all 4 sides are the same length
4 corners
Square face

Note: Since the opposites sides of a square is equal it can also be called
as rectangle but rectangle is not a square
A Square and Rhombus have all sides of equal measures
Rectangle- 2D Shape
A rectangle is a closed 2-D shape, having 4 sides, 4 corners, and 4 right
angles (90°).The opposite sides of a rectangle are equal and parallel.
Since, a rectangle is a 2-D shape, it is characterized by two dimensions,
length, and width. Length is the longer side of the rectangle and width is
the shorter side.

How many faces are in a rectangle?


A rectangle is a 2 dimensional figure, it is in a plane, so it has two faces
and how many sides are there in a rectangle?
4 edges or sides , because it is formed by joining 4 perpendicular lines.
Diagonals:- A Line joining opposites corners is called a diagonal
The opposites corners of rectangle are joined by straight lines
What is a Diagonal of a Rectangle?
The line segments that join the opposite corners of a rectangle are called
diagonals. A Rectangle has two Diagonals
In the given figure, the two diagonals of the rectangle are AC and BD.
The diagonals of a rectangle are the same in length. Therefore, AC =
BD.
Properties of a Rectangle
The properties of a rectangle are as given below:
It is a flat and closed shape.
It has 4 sides, 4 angles, and 4 corners (vertices). not all 4 sides are the
same length Opposite sides are equal and parallel.

It has 2 dimensions, namely, length and width


Every angle of a rectangle measures 90°.
It has 2 diagonals of equal length.
A Rectangle and Parallelogram have opposites of equal measures

Triangle
it has three sides and three corners
a triangle has the following properties:
3 sides, each side can vary in length
3 corners
When drawn or traced, it has a Triangle face
Circle - 2D shape Round
A circle is a continuous curve
A circle does not have any sides since it is not made of line segments so
it has no corners and it has only has 1 curved edge

Oval - 2D shape
Oval has one curved side and a one flat curved face
An oval shape has no straight sides so it has no corners and so they do
not have diagonals
Oval Shape Properties:
1. No straight sides
2. No corners or vertices
3. An oval has 1 face
Note ! Circle Oval are curves so they are not polygons
Solid Shapes - 3D Shapes

Solid shapes are three-dimensional shapes that have length, breadth, and
height as the three dimensions.

Solid shapes has face edges and corners


Solid shape have flat or curved faces

Faces of Solid Shapes


Faces are the flat sides that you touch when you hold a shape.
The outside side of a solid shape is called its face or Surface
Solid shapes can have more than one face.
Edges of Solid Shapes - An edge is where two faces mmet
An edge is a line segment on the boundary joining one vertex (corner
point) to another.
They serve as the junction of two faces.

Vertices of Solid Shapes


A point where two or more lines meet is called a vertex.
A corner is a vertex and corners is a vertices
SHAPES BASES FACES VERTICES/ EDGES/
CORNERS SIDES

0 1 Curved 0 0
2 Flat
2 1 Curved 0 2 Curved

1 Flat
1 1 Curved 1 1 Curved
Rectangle 2 Faces 2 SHORT
SIDES
1 4 2 LONG
SIDES
Cube - 3D Shapes
The cube has the following properties.
All edges are equal and no curved faces
8 vertices
12 straight edges -
6 faces

The cuboid has following properties


8 vertices
12 edges
6 faces

A sphere is a three-dimensional solid figure which is perfectly round in


shapes and every point on its surface is equidistant from the point is
called the center. The fixed distance from the center of the sphere is
called a radius of the sphere.
A sphere has no flat face
No vertex
No edges
1 curved face

A cylinder is defined as a three-dimensional geometrical figure which


has two circular bases connected by a curved surface. A cylinder has
No vertex
2 curved edges
2 flat faces – circles
1 curved face

A cone is a three-dimensional object or solid, which has a circular base


and has a single vertex. The cone is a geometrical figure that decreases
smoothly from the circular flat base to the top point called the apex. A
cone has
1 vertex
1 curve edge
1 flat face – circle
1 curved face
Solid Shapes have faces Edges and Corners
Flat and Curved Faces
The Outside of a solid shape is called its face (or surface)
Solid shapes have flat or curved faces

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