Microcontroller lab BCS402

Introduction to ARM7
LPC2148 Microcontroller

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Introduction to ARM7 LPC2148 Microcontroller

ARM-Advanced RISC Machine is a 32-bit RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) processor
architecture developed by ARM Holdings.
ARM7 is most successful and widely used processor family in embedded system applications.
LPC2148 is manufactured by NXP Semiconductor (Phillips) and it is preloaded with many
in-built features and peripherals. This makes it more efficient and reliable choice for an high-end
application developer.

Pin diagram of LPC2148:

It’s more important to have basic knowledge of pin configuration, memory, IO ports and basic
registers.
MEMORY:
LPC2148 has 32kB on chip SRAM and 512kB on chip FLASH memory. This chip has built in
support up to 2kB end point USB RAM. This memory is more than enough for almost all
applications.

INPUT/OUTPUT PORTS (GPIO of LPC2148)

LPC2148 has two IO ports each of 32-bit wide, provided by 64 IO pins. Ports are named as P0 and

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P1. Pins of each port labeled as Px.y where “x” stands for port number, 0 or 1. Where “y” stands
for pin number usually between 0 to 31. Each pin can perform multiple functions.
REGISTERS FOR C PROGRAMMING
IOSEL0
Port 0 has 32 pins (P0.0 to P0.31). Each pin can have multiple functions. On RESET, all pins are
configured as GPIO pins. However we can re-configure using the registers IOSEL0 and IOSEL1.

IOSEL0 is used to select function of P0.0 to P0.15. Each pin has up to 4 functions so 2 bits/pin
in IOSEL0 is provided for selecting function.

00 Function 0 (Default Function= GPIO)

01 Function 1

10 Function 2

11 Function 3

IOSEL1
IOSEL1 is used to select function of Pins P0.16 to P0.31
IOSEL2
IOSEL2 is used to select function of Pins P1.16 to P1.31
IO0DIR
IO0DIR is used to configure pins of Port 0-P0 as input or output pins.

1= Output Pin
0= Input Pin
Example: IO0DIR=0x0000FFFF means P0.0 to P0.15 are configured as output pins and P0.16 to
P0.31 are configured as input pins.

Embedded Development Tools: MDK Microcontroller Development Kit

To program microcontroller we will be using MDK-ARM Keil µVision4 IDE and Flash Magic
Tool. Keil MDK is the complete software development environment for a range of Arm Cortex-
M based microcontroller devices. MDK includes Keil Studio, the µVision IDE,
and debugger, Arm C/C++ compiler, and essential middleware components. It supports all silicon
vendors with more than 10,000 devices and is easy to learn and use.

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Keil has Lite or Evaluation edition which limits the code size of 32kB. This could be more than
enough for our projects. Flash Magic is utility, we’ll use this to load hex file into flash memory of
LPC2148 microcontroller. We also need hardware’s i.e. microcontroller evaluation board to run
and test Hardware interface code.

How to Install MDK-ARM Version 4.74Evaluation Software

Installation of MDK-ARM Keil uVision4 is pretty straight forward. Evaluation version of

Keil for ARM is available to download here: https://www.keil.com/demo/eval/armv4.htm
This is free software (evaluation version). This software is an Integrated Development
Environment(IDE), which integrated text editor to write program, a compiler and it will convert
our source code into HEX file.
Here is the step by step guide to install this software.
STEP 1

Go to https://www.keil.com/demo/eval/armv4.htm –>Download –> Product Downloads –>Hit

on MDK-Arm. Enter your contact information with valid address, phone number and email. Fill
in all fields of form. Download is free for evaluation version.

STEP 2

Then click on MDK474.EXE and Download it on your computer.

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STEP 3

Next step is to run setup file MDK474.EXE and then we’ll get pop-up box, hit on Next and
Proceed Installation.

STEP 4

Read license agreement, check I agree to all the terms…., and click Next.

STEP 5

Select Destination folder where you want to install Keil or default destination is already there.
And hit on Next.

STEP 6

Fill up required fields with all relevant information and click on Next.

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STEP 7

Wait for installation completes and hit on Next.

STEP 8

Tick on show release notes, deselect remaining (as per your choice) and click on Finish.

Create New Keil Project for ARM7 LPC2148:

Here is simple guide to start working with Keil µVision which can be used for:

a) Writing programs in C/C++ or Assembly

b) Compiling and assembling programs

c) Debugging programs

d) Creating HEX, AXF and BIN file

e) Test program without real hardware

Here is step by step guide to create fresh new project for ARM7 LPC2148 Microcontroller
using MDK-ARM µVision4.
1. Once we’ve installed Keil, click on Keil µVision4 icon. This will appear on desktop after
installation Keil.

2. Click on Project menu, and then hit on New uVision Project

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Create New Project Keil LPC2148

3. Create new project folder by typing the project name.

Give Name to New Keil Project

4. Select target Device vendor. In this case NXP (founded by Phillips)

Select Device in Keil

5. Expand NXP icon and select specific chip i.e. LPC2148 After this, a dialog box will pop-up
on screen. This will ask you whether to copy startup code for LPC2148. Click on Yes.

Add Startup File for LPC2148

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6. Then we’ll get basic workplace to get start with writing code in. When we expand Target1 in
left project pane. We see Startup.s is already added which is necessary for running code in
Keil.

Ready Workplace For LPC2148

NOTE:
Code will not run without startup.s file. Because startup code executes immediately upon reset of
the target system and performs the following listed operations.

a. Defines interrupt and exception vectors

b. Configures the CPU clock source (on same device)

c. Initializes the external bus controller

d. Copies the exception vectors from ROM and RAM for systems with memory remapping

e. Initializes other low level peripherals, if necessary

f. Reserves and initializes the stack for all modes

g. Reserves the heap

h. Transfers control to the main C function

7. Now click on File menu and hit on New.

Create New File Keil

8. Write code in assembly or C language and save file with FileName.s or Filename.c and Save.

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NOTE:Don’t forget to save as with .s or .c extension

Add File To Keil Project

9. Once we save file We’ll quickly get complete code with syntax highlighted.

Code Highlighted In Keil LPC2148

10. Now we can add file by adding it to Group Source 1.

Add Source File To Project LPC2148

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Add File To Keil Project

11. Now right click on Target 1 and hit on Options for target “Target 1”

Set Options For Target LPC2148

12. In Options for target “Target 1”. In output tab, click on check box Create HEX File.

Set Output Keil LPC2148

13. Then go to Linker tab. Click on Use Memory Layout for Target Dialog

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Setup Linker Option Keil LPC2148

14. Then hit on Rebuild All target files

Rebuild The Keil Project LPC2148

15. Now we can see Build output. If we check project directory at this point. We’ll find generated
HEX file. We’ll use it to load or burn into LPC2148 MCU using Flash Magic to execute our
program using hardware boards.

Build Output Keil LPC2148

HEX File Generated Using Keil LPC2148

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16. To run the program in keil software,click on debug button to enter into Debug mode.

The debugger provides a number of features that help us to follow the execution of a program.It
allow us to examine what effect each instruction has on the processor’s registers.

The debugger help us do the following:

a) Single-step through a program, stopping after every instruction.

b) Inspect the values in the processor’s registers and memory to see how they have changed after
each instruction.

c) Set breakpoints to run to a certain point and then stop.

17. For Hardware implementation we need to Setup Flash Magic and load HEX file into
LPC2148 Microcontroller.

Basic setting in Flash Magic:

a) Open the flash magic software and follow the below steps.
b) Select the IC from Select Menu.
c) Select the COM Port. Check the device manager for detected Com port.
d) Select Baud rate from 9600-115200
e) Select None ISP Option.
f) Oscillator Freq 12.000000(12Mhz).
g) Check the Erase blocks used by Hex file option

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h) Browse and Select the hex file.

i) Check the Verify After Programming Option.
j) If DTR and RTS are used then go to Options->Advanced Options-> Hardware Config and
select the Use DTR and RTS Option.
k) Hit the Start Button to flash the hex file.
l) Once the hex file is flashed, Reset the board. Now the controller should run your application
code.

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1.

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LAB PROGRAMS

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1) Using Keil software, observe the various Registers, Dump, CPSR, with a simple
Assembly Language Programs (ALP).

AREA reg, CODE, READONLY

ENTRY
MOV R0,#0x000056 ; Move immediate number to R0
MOV R1,#0x000089 ; Move immediate number to R1
LDR R5,=DATA ; load address of number into R5
LDRH R3, [R5] ; load First word from DATA address to R3
LDRH R4, [R5,#2] ; load second word from DATA address to R4
MRS R6, CPSR ; move the data from status register to R6
STOP B STOP
DATA DCW 0X1234,0x6789 ; Declaration of no’s in the memory
END

OUTPUT

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2. Develop and simulate ARM ALP for Data Transfer, Arithmetic and Logical operations
(Demonstrate with the help of a suitable program).
(a) ALP for Data Transfer operations
AREA register, CODE, READONLY
ENTRY
MOV R0,#0X0034 ;Move immediate number to R0
MOV R1,R0 ;Move R1<--R0
MOV R2,R1,LSL#2 ;R2 = 4*R1
MOVS R3, R1, LSR #1 ;R2 = 2*R1
LDR R4,=DATA ; load address of number into R4
LDR R5,[R4] ;load First word from DATA address to R5
LDRH R6, [R4,#2] ;load second word from DATA address to R6
LDRH R7, [R4,#4] ;load third word from DATA address to R7
MRS R8,cpsr ;Move status register content to R8
STOP B STOP
DATA DCW 0X1234,0x6789,0xF7A4 ; Declaration of no’s in the memory
END

Output:

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(b) ALP for Arithmetic operations

AREA register, CODE, READONLY

ENTRY
MOV R1, #0x00F0
ADD R0 , R1 , #0xFFFFFF4F ; R0 = R1 + 0xFFFFFF4F
ADDS R2, R1 , #0xFFFFFF4F ; R2 = R1 + 0xFFFFFF4F and flags updated
ADCS R3 , R1 , R2 ;R3=R1+R2+CARRY and flags updated
ADD R4 , R1 , R1 , LSL #1 ; R4 = 3*R1
MOV R5 , #0x00F0
SUB R6 , R5 , #0x0F0 ; R6 = R5 - 0x0F0
SUBS R7, R5 , #0x0F0 ; R7 = R5 + 0x0F0 and flags updated
SBCS R8 ,R5 , R6 ;R8=R5-R6-CARRY and flags updated
SUBS R9, R1, R1, LSL #1 ; R9 = R1-2*R1, RESULT ISNEGATIVE ,set Nflag
STOP B STOP
END

Output:

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(C) ALP for Logical operations

AREA LOGICAL,CODE,READONLY
ENTRY
MOV R0,#0X0000 ;R0=0X0000
MOV R1,#0x2040 ;R1=0X2040
MOV R2,#0x007F ;R2=0X007F
ORR R0,R1,R2 ;R0 = R1 OR R2
AND R3,R1,#0X0F ;R3 = R1 AND 0F
ANDS R3,R1,#0X0F ;R3 = R1 AND 0F , UPDATES Z-FLAG
EOR R4,R1,R2 ;R4 = R1 XOR R2
BIC R5,R1,R2 ;R5 = R1 AND NOT(R2)
STOP B STOP
END

OUTPUT:

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3 Develop an ALP to multiply two 16-bit binary numbers.

AREA Multiply, CODE, READONLY

ENTRY
LDR R0 , =NUM1 ; load address of multiplicand
LDRH R1 , [R0] ; load First number
LDRH R2 , [R0,#2] ; load Second number
MUL R3 , R1, R2 ; R3 = R1 x R2
LDR R4 , =NUM2 ; load address of multiplicand
LDRH R5 , [R4] ; load First number
LDRH R6 , [R4,#2] ; load Second number
SMULLS R7, R8, R5, R6 ; R8,R7 = R5 x R6
STOP B STOP
NUM1 DCW 0X1222,0X1133 ; Declaration of no’s to be multiply
NUM2 DCW 0XFFFF,0XFFFF
END

Output:

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4 Develop an ALP to find the sum of first 10 integer numbers.

AREA ADD1TO10, CODE, READONLY
ENTRY
MOV R1,#10 ;length of array
LDR R2,=ARRAY ;Load the starting address of the array
MOV R4,#0 ;Initial sum
NEXT LDR R3,[R2],#4 ;Load first integer of the array in R3
ADD R4,R4,R3 ;R4=sum of integers
SUBS R1,R1,#1 ;repeat until R1=0
BNE NEXT ;If z-flag is not set repeat
MOV R5,#0X40000000 ; initialize memory address to store the result in memory
STR R4,[R5] ; store the result in the address stored in R5
STOP B STOP
ARRAY DCD 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10
END
Output:

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5. Develop an ALP to find the largest/smallest number in an array of 32 numbers.

AREA LARGE,CODE,READONLY
ENTRY
MOV R5,#5 ;R5 = length of array - 1
LDR R1,=ARRAY ;load starting addressing of array
LDR R2,[R1],#4 ;load 1st element of array
LOOP LDR R4,[R1],#4 ;load next element of array
CMP R2,R4 ;compare 1st and 2nd element
BHI NEXT
MOV R2,R4 ;R2=largest value
NEXT SUBS R5,R5,#1 ;decrement the counter after every comparison
BNE LOOP ; repeat until R5=0
STOP B STOP
ARRAY DCD 0X23,0X45,0XFF,0X76,0X12,0X99
END
OUTPUT:

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6 .Develop an ALP to count the number of ones and zeros in two consecutive memory
locations.

MOV R7, #2 ;Counter of 2 numbers

LDR R6 , =LOOKUP ;Load starting address of numbers
LOOP MOV R1 , #32 ;Number of bits in each number
LDR R0 , [R6] ;Load 1st number to r0
NEXTBIT MOVS R0 , R0 , ROR #1 ;Check the bit is one or zero
BHI ONES ; IF CF=1 increment r2 else increment r3
ZEROS ADD R3 , R3 , #1 ;R3 stores count of 0s
B REPEAT
ONES ADD R2 , R2 , #1 ;R2 stores count of 1s
REPEAT SUBS R1, R1 , #1 ; Decrement the bit counter by 1 till 0
BNE NEXTBIT ; Repeat until r1=0
ADD R6, R6, #4 ; Load r6=address of next number
SUBS R7, R7 ,#1 ; Decrement the number counter by 1 till 0
BNE LOOP
STOP B STOP
LOOKUP DCD 0X5,0X7 ; Memory address of lookup table
END

OUTPUT:

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7 Simulate a program in C for ARM microcontroller using KEIL to sort the numbers in
ascending/descending order using bubble sort.

#include <lpc214x.h>
int main(void)
{
volatile int i, j, temp;
int arr[ ] = {4,1,3,5,2}; //the array to be sort
//bubble sort
for (i = 1; i < 5; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < 5 - i; j++)
{
if (arr[j] > arr[j + 1]) //Compares first and second element of the array
{
temp = arr[j]; // If first element is greater, swap the elements of the array
arr[j] = arr[j + 1];
arr[j + 1] = temp;
}
}
}
while(1);
}
Output:

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8. Simulate a program in C for ARM microcontroller to find factorial of a number.

#include <lpc214x.h>
int main()
{
volatile int n, I,fact =1;
n=5; //initialize the number

for (i = 1; i <= n; ++i)

fact *= i; // factorial of the number

while(1);
}

OUTPUT:

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9. Simulate a program in C for ARM microcontroller to demonstrate case conversion

of characters from upper to lowercase and lower to uppercase.

#include <lpc214x.h>

int main(void)
{
volatile int i;

char tran_arr[20]; // declare the variable to store translated string

char arr[ ] ="MicroController" ; // Initialize Input String

for(i=0; arr[i]!=0;i++)
{
if (arr[i] >= 'a' && arr[i] <= 'z')
{
tran_arr[i] = arr[i] - 32 ; // transalte lower to Upper case
}
else if(arr[i] >= 'A' && arr[i] <= 'Z')
{
tran_arr[i] = arr[i]+ 32; // translate Upper to Lower case
}
}
while(1);
}

OUTPUT:
Input sting: Translated String:

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10 Demonstrate enabling and disabling of Interrupts in ARM.

#include <lpc214x.h>
void initClocks(void);
void initTimer0(void);
__irq void timer0ISR(void);
int main(void)
{
initClocks(); // Initialize PLL to setup clocks
initTimer0(); // Initialize Timer0
IO0DIR = (1<<10); // Configure pin P0.10 as Output
IO0PIN = (1<<10);

T0TCR = (1<<0); // Enable timer

while(1); // Infinite Idle Loop

}
void initTimer0(void)
{
T0CTCR = 0x0; //Set Timer Mode
T0PR = 60000-1; //Increment T0TC at every 60000 clock cycles
//60000 clock cycles @60Mhz = 1 mS

T0MR0 = 5000-1; //Zero Indexed Count-hence subtracting 1

T0MCR = (1<<0) | (1<<1); //Set bit0 & bit1 to Interrupt & Reset TC on MR0
VICVectAddr4 = (unsigned )timer0ISR; //Pointer Interrupt Function (ISR)
VICVectCntl4 = (1<<5) | 4; //(bit 5 = 1)->to enable Vectored IRQ slot
//bit[4:0]) -> this the source number
VICIntEnable = (1<<4); // Enable timer0 interrupt
T0TCR = (1<<1); // Reset Timer
}
__irq void timer0ISR(void)
{

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long int readVal;

readVal = T0IR; // Read current IR value
IO0PIN ^= (1<<10); // Toggle LED at Pin P0.10
T0IR = readVal; // Write back to IR to clear Interrupt Flag
VICVectAddr = 0x0; // End of interrupt execution
}
void initClocks(void)
{
PLL0CON = 0x01; //Enable PLL
PLL0CFG = 0x24; //Multiplier and divider setup
PLL0FEED = 0xAA; //Feed sequence
PLL0FEED = 0x55;

while(!(PLL0STAT & 0x00000400)); //is locked?

PLL0CON = 0x03; //Connect PLL after PLL is locked

PLL0FEED = 0xAA; //Feed sequence
PLL0FEED = 0x55;
VPBDIV = 0x01; //PCLK is same as CCLK i.e.60 MHz
}

Output:

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VIVA QUESTIONS

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1. LPC 2148 pro development board has on chip memory.

a) 500k
b) 625k
c) 512k
d) 425k ANS:-C
2. In LPC 2148 we require separate programmer?
a) True
b) False ANS:- B
3. It provides real time debugging with the on chip real monitor software.
a) True
b) False ANS:- A
4. Who is the founder of LPC2148 board?Intel
a) Atmel
b) Motorola
c) Philips ANS:- D
5. What is the program counter value when the board turns on?
a) 0x00000
b) 0xFFFFF
c) Where the previous program ends
d) At the location where we write the code ANS:- C
6. Which IDE is supported by LPC2148 board?
a) Code Blocks
b) AVR Studio 4
c) Keil uVersion 4
d) Walldorf ANS:- D
7. bit ARM7TDMI controller is present?
a) 128 bit
b) 8 bit
d) 64 bit
d) 32 bit ANS:- C
8. USB 2.0 full speed compliant device controller with of
end point RAM.
a) 6 kB
b) 4 kB
c) 2 kB
d) 8 kB ANS:- B
9. What is the processor used by ARM7?
a) 8-bit CISC
b) 8-bit RISC
c) 32-bit CISC
d) 32-bit RISC ANS:-D

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10. What is the instruction set used by ARM7?

a) 16-bit instruction set
b) 32-bit instruction set
c) 64-bit instruction set
d) 8-bit instruction set ANS:-A
11. How many registers are there in ARM7?
a) 35 register( 28 GPR and 7 SPR)
b) 37 registers(28 GPR and 9 SPR)
c) 37 registers(31 GPR and 6 SPR)
d) 35 register(30 GPR and 5 SPR) ANS:-C
12. ARM7 has a in-built debugging device?
a) True
b) False ANS:-A
13. What is the capability of ARM7 f instruction for second?
a) 110 MIPS
b) 150 MIPS
c) 125 MIPS
d) 130 MIPS ANS:- D
14. Which of the following has the same instruction set as ARM7?
a) ARM6
b) ARMv3
c) ARM71a0
d) ARMv4T ANS:-
B
15. What are t, d, m, I stands for in ARM7TDMI?
a) Timer, Debug, Multiplex, ICE
b) Thumb, Debug, Multiplier, ICE
c) Timer, Debug, Modulation, IS
d) Thumb, Debug, Multiplier, ICE ANS:- A
16. ARM stands for
a) Advanced RISC Machine
b) Advanced RISC Methadology
c) Advanced Reduced Machine
d) Advanced Reduced Methadology ANS:- C
17. What are the profiles for ARM architecture?
a) A,R
b) A,M
c) A,R,M
d) R,M ANS:- C
18. ARM7DI operates in which mode?
a) Big Endian
b) Little Endian
c) Both big and little Endian

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d) Neither big nor little Endian ANS:- C

19. In which of the following ARM processors virtual memory is present?
a) ARM7DI
b) ARM7TDMI-S
c) ARM7TDMI
d) ARM7EJ-S ANS:- A
20. How many instruction pipelining is used in ARM7EJ-S?
a) 3-Stage
b) 4-Stage
c) 5-Stage
d) 2-stage ANS:- C
21. How many bit data bus is used in ARM7EJ-s?
a) 32-bit
b) 16-bit
c) 8-bit
d) Both 16 and 32 bit ANS:-A
22. What is the cache memory for ARM710T?
a) 12Kb
b) 16Kb
c) 32Kb:-
d) 8Kb ANS:- D
23. is a complete line of home IoT devices that includes smart
switches.
a) Awair
b) Canary
c) Belkin’s WeMo
d) Cinder ANS:- C
24. UART is similar to
a) SPI protocol
b) I2C protocol
c) HTTP protocol
d) MQTT protocol ANS:-B
25. What does UART contains?
a) Parallel register
b) Shift register
c) Clock
d) Parallel shift register ANS:- B
26. Communication in UART is
a) Only simple
b) Only duplex
c) Only full duplex
d) Simplex, half duplex, full duplex ANS:-D
27. Start bit of UART is logic high.

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a) True
b) False ANS:-B
28. Which error occurs when the receiver can’t process the character?
a) Overrun error
b) Underrun error
c) Framing error
d) Break condition ANS:- A
29. What is the speed of the 8250 UART?
a) 4800bits/sec
b) 1200bits/sec
c) 12000bit/sec
d) 9600bits/sec ANS:- D
30. Which error occurs when UART transmitter has completed sending a
character and the transmit buffer is empty?
a) Overrun error
b) Underrun error
c) Framing error
d) Break condition ANS:- B
31. Which error occurs when the designated start and stop bits are not found?
a) Overrun error
b) Underrun error
c) Framing error
d) Break condition ANS:-C
32. Secure digital card application uses which protocol?
a) UART
b) SPI
c) I2C
d) USART ANS:- B
33. SPI device communicates in
a) Simplex
b) Half duplex
c) Full duplex
d) Both half and full duplex ANS:- C
34. Do SPI have/has a single master?
a) True
b) False ANS:- A
35. SPI is described as Asynchronous serial interface.
a) True
b) False ANS:- B
36. How many logic signals are there in SPI?
a) 5 signals
b) 6 signals
c) 4 signals

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d) 7 signals ANS:-A
37. SPI uses how many lines?
a) 4 lines
b) 1 line
c) 3 lines
d) 2 lines ANS:- D
38. The main importance of ARM micro-processors is providing operation with
(a) Low cost and low power consumption
(b) Higher degree of multi-tasking
(c) Lower error or glitches
(d) Efficient memory management ANS:-A
39. ARM processors where basically designed for
(a) Main frame systems
(b) Distributed systems
(c) Mobile systems
(d) Super computers ANS:-C
40. The ARM processors doesn’t support Byte address ability ?
(a) True
(b) False ANS:-B
41. The address space in ARM is
(a) 2^24
(b) 2^64
(c) 2^16
(d) 2^32 ANS:-D

42. The address system supported by ARM systems is/are

(a) Little Endian
(b) Big Endian
(c) X-Little Endian
(d) Both Little & Big Endian ANS:-D
43. Memory can be accessed in ARM systems by instructions.
i) Store
ii) MOVE
iii) Load
iv) arithmetic
v) logical
(a) i,ii,iii
(b) i,ii
(c) i,iv,v
(d) iii,iv,v ANS:- B

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44. RISC stands for

(a) Restricted Instruction Sequencing Computer
(b) Restricted Instruction Sequential Compiler
(c) Reduced Instruction Set Control.
(d) Reduced Induction Set Computer. ANS:- C
45. In ARM, PC is implemented using
(a) Caches
(b) Special function register
(c) General purpose register
(d) Stack ANS:- C
46. The additional duplicate register used in ARM machines are called as

(a) Copied-registers
(b) Banked registers
(c) EXtra registers
(d) Extential registers ANS:-B
47. The banked registers are used for
(a) Switching between supervisor and interrupt mode
(b) Extended storing
(c) Same as other general purpose registers
(d) None of the mentioned ANS:- A
48. Each instruction in ARM machines is encoded into Word.
(a) 2 byte
(b) 3 byte
(c) 4 byte
(d) 8 byte ANS:-C
49. All instructions in ARM are conditionally executed.
(a) True
(b) False ANS:-A
50. Thumb-2 technology is implemented in which of the following?
(a) All ARM processors
(b) All ARMv7 processors
(c) ARMv7-A processors only
(d) ARMv7-A and ARMv7-R but not ARMv7-M ANS:-B

51. The ARM processor registers R13, R14, and R15 are architecturally used for
special purposes.
Which is the correct respective sequence of special purpose registers?
(a) PC, LR, SP
(b) LR, PC, SP
(c) SP, LR, PC

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 Microcontroller lab BCS402

(d) LR, SP, PC ANS:- C

52. CISC stands for
(a) Complex Instruction Sequencing Computer
(b) Complex Instruction Sequential Compiler
(c) Complex Instruction Set Control
(d) Complex Induction Set Computer ANS:- C

53. Microcontrollers are called

(a) application-specific integrated circuit
(b) applied system integration control
(c) application-specified integration circuit ANS:- A
54. The addressing mode where the EA of the operand is the contents of Rn is
a) Pre-indexed mode
b) Pre-indexed with write back mode
c) Post-indexed mode
d) None of the mentioned ANS:-C
55. The effective address of the instruction written in Post-indexed mode,
MOVE[Rn]+Rm is
a) EA = [Rn].
b) EA = [Rn + Rm].
c) EA = [Rn] + Rm
d) EA = [Rm] + Rn ANS:- A
56. LPC 1768 pro development board has on chip memory.
a) 500k
b) 625k
c) 512k
d) 425k ANS:- C

57. In LPC 1768 we require separate programmer?

a) True
b) False ANS:- B
58. Which LCD display is present in LPC 2148 Development Board?
a) 8*8 LED
b) 2*32 LCD
c) 2*16 LCD connected peripherally
d) 2*16 LCD on-chip ANS:- D
59. It have in system programming or in application programming?
a) True
b) False ANS:-A
60. It provides real time debugging with the on chip real monitor software.
a) True
b) False ANS:- A

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61. Who is the founder of LPC1768 board?

a) Intel
b) Atmel
c) Motorola
d) Philips ANS:-D
62. What is the program counter value when the board turns on?
a) 0x00000
b) 0xFFFFF
c) Where the previous program ends
d) At the location where we write the code ANS:- A

63. Which IDE is supported by LPC2148 board?

a) Code Blocks
b) AVR Studio 4
c) Keil uVersion 4
d) Walldorf ANS:- C

64. Which types of an embedded systems involve the coding at a simple level in an
embedded 'C', without any necessity of RTOS?
a. Small Scale Embedded Systems
b. Medium Scale Embedded Systems
c. Sophisticated Embedded Systems
d. All of the above ANS:-A
65. What is/are the configuration status of control unit in RISC Processors?
a. Hardwired
b. Microprogrammed
c. Both a and b
d. None of the above ANS:-A
66. How is the nature of instruction size in CISC processors?
a. Fixed
b. Variable
c. Both a and b
d. None of the above ANS:-B

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