SOLUTION PTU QUESTION PAPER (DECEMBER, 2023)

SECTION-A
1 Do as directed:
a. Full form of ICJ- International Court of Justice, IMO- In my opinion
b. Full form of NATO- North Atlantic Treaty Organization, EU- European Union
c. Synonyms of Begin- Start, commence
d. Antonyms of Fortunate- Unfortunate, Unlucky
e. Prefix for anti- Antibiotic, antisocial
f. Suffix for ful- Helpful, mindful
g. Punctuate- Have you ever been to Taj Mahal?
h. Describing is like painting a picture with words or other forms of communication
when you describe something. It involves picking out important details, putting them
in a way that makes sense, and using language or other tools to help the reader or
listener understand clearly and vividly.
i. While writing a conclusion one should bear in mind that it should summarize the
entire document and the reader must get to know about the main idea of the
document or writing.
j. Sometimes people tend to clutter up their writing with unnecessary words of
phrases. Good writing is concise and informative. When something is redundant it
means that it is excessive, unnecessary, or superfluous. Redundancy usually
involves repeating something or adding in information that is completely
unnecessary.

SECTION-B
2. Discuss creating coherence in writing.
Coherence in writing means the smooth flow of ideas and sentences in piece of writing. It is
achieved when the ideas and sentences are connected and allow the reader to move easily
throughout the essay from one idea to the next, from one sentence to the next and from one
paragraph to the next.
In a coherent text, there are logical links between the words, sentences and
paragraph of the text, which leads to good and smooth text flow. A writer must
make his/her writing as clear and logical as possible.

Coherence makes a text easy to read and understand. Good writers know how to communicate
well through the writing. To begin writing anything, a writer must know the purpose of the
text and the intended audience. A good writer has a sense what good questions readers may
have in mind. Good writers also know how to link sentences together in a logical or orderly
way.

3. Discuss sentence structures.

 Simple Sentence- A simple sentence consists of one independent clause. An
independent clause contains a subject and verb and expresses a complete thought. For
instance-
1. I like coffee.
2. The earth goes round the sun.
  Compound Sentence - A compound sentence is made up of two or more independent
clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction or semicolon. Each of these clauses
could form a sentence alone. For example-
1. I like coffee and Mary like tea.
2. Our car broke down; we came last.

 Complex Sentence Structure- A complex sentence consists of an independent clause

plus a dependant clause. A dependent clause starts with a subordinating conjunction or
a relative pronoun, and contains a subject and verb, but does not express a complete
thought. For instance
1. We missed our plane because we were late.
2. He left in hurry after he got a phone call.

4. a) Fill in with articles.

i) My mother is an English teacher.
ii) It was a bolt from the blue.
iii) She is an MLA.
iv) I shall meet the President today.

b) Use the following phrases in your own sentences:

i) In search of- The dog was in search of food.
ii) At the end- He was able to understand everything at the end of meeting.
iii) Under the table- The cat was lying under the table.
iv) In spite of- We locked the deal in spite of having heated argument with clients.

5. a) Fill in the blanks with preposition:

i) She always stands for him in the house.
ii) The child was run over by a car.
iii) He sits beside/near the fire.
iv) You have to complete your work with courage.

b) Correct the following:

i) I have not seen him since six years
I have not seen him for six years.
ii) He or Raju are guilty.
He or Raju is guilty.
iii) I prefer tea than coffee.
I prefer tea to coffee.
iv) He is brave than his friends.
He is braver than his friends.
 SECTION – C
6. Report on climate change suggesting ways to save the environment.
The Technical Head
Indian Meteorological Organization
New Delhi

12th January 2024

The Director
Indian Meteorological Organization
Mumbai

Subject: Report on climate change and suggesting ways to save the environment.
Sir
With reference to the above mentioned subject the report is as follows:
Introduction: My team and I have diligently compiled this report after conducting extensive
research and gathering information from various sources. Climate change has become an
undeniable reality, affecting every part of the world. This report provides a thorough
examination of the current status of climate change, the main factors contributing to it, and
possible strategies to reduce its effects and create a more sustainable future.
Findings: Our team has collected the following data and information:
 Global temperatures have increased by about 1.1°C since pre-industrial times,
exceeding 1.2°C in 2023. This seemingly minor rise results in more intense
heatwaves, droughts, floods, and unpredictable weather patterns.
 The melting of glaciers and ice sheets poses a significant threat to coastal
communities and ecosystems, as it leads to a rise in sea levels. Projections indicate
that there could be a significant rise in sea levels by 2100, which could result in the
submersion of low-lying areas and pose a threat to coastal infrastructure.
 Climate change has a significant impact on ecosystems, leading to the extinction of
species and the loss of their habitats. Particular attention should be given to the
vulnerability of coral reefs, forests, and polar regions, as their degradation can have
far-reaching consequences throughout the food chain.
Conclusion: On the basis of data collected we have concluded that:
 Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, are the main culprits behind
climate change as they build up in the atmosphere. These gases cause the planet to
gradually warm as they trap heat. The primary drivers of greenhouse gas emissions
are the combustion of fossil fuels for energy and the destruction of forests.
 Deforestation has a significant impact on climate change as it hinders the forests'
capacity to absorb carbon dioxide, thus worsening the problem.
 Intensive agricultural practices are a significant contributor to greenhouse gas
emissions. These emissions occur due to the release of methane from livestock, land
clearing activities, and the use of fertilizers.
Suggestions:
 Shifting our focus from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources such as solar, wind,
and geothermal is of utmost importance in order to decrease greenhouse gas
emissions. Investing in energy efficiency and smart grids can greatly amplify these
endeavours.
 It is crucial to prioritise the preservation of current forests and encourage the adoption
of sustainable reforestation methods in conservation efforts. Addressing deforestation
has multiple benefits, including climate change mitigation and the preservation of
biodiversity and ecosystem services.
 Embracing sustainable farming practices such as organic agriculture, agro forestry,
and precision agriculture can have a profound impact on reducing emissions and
improving soil health.
 Adopting a low-carbon lifestyle by cutting down on consumption, choosing
sustainable transportation options, and reducing waste is crucial for taking collective
action.
 Advancements in carbon capture and storage, renewable energy storage, and green
building materials have the potential to significantly impact the battle against climate
change.
 Climate change poses a significant challenge, but it is not impossible to overcome.
Through embracing a sustainable future driven by renewable energy, safeguarding
ecosystems, and encouraging both individual and collective action, we have the power
to reduce its effects and construct a resilient planet for future generations.
The report is being submitted for your kind attention and information, Sir.
Report Prepared by:
Technical Head

7. Precis Title- Child Labour

For years, governments have promised to end risky industry child labour. Despite the
hyperbole, the government has neither eliminated this scourge nor mandated elementary
education for all Indian children. 60–100 million kids work instead of going to school, and 10
million work in hazardous industries. The Child-Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act
1986 bans harmful work for under-14s. Child-Labour is authorised in non-hazardous jobs.
The Act addresses organised or manufacturing work, not informal work like cleaning,
servants, porters, servers, and other unskilled jobs for youth. The lack of enforcement of
current laws keeps child labour going.

8. Draft a business letter placing an order of furniture items required by you company.
Imagine details.

Mehta Pvt. Ltd.

New Delhi

December 29, 2023

The Manager
Khurana Plywood
Ludhiana

Subject: Purchase Order for Furniture Items

Dear Sir
I trust this letter finds you well. I am writing on behalf of Mehta Pvt. Ltd., a dynamic
multinational company based in New Delhi. We have recently expanded our workspace and
are in need of quality furniture to accommodate our growing team.
After careful consideration, we have identified Khurana Plywood as a reliable supplier of
premium office furniture. We are interested in placing an order for the following items, with
desired features if applicable:
Item Quantity (Additional specifications)
Ergonomic Office (Mesh back, adjustable arms)
20
Chairs
Conference Table 1 (Large, rectangular, seats 10)
File Cabinets 10 (4-drawer, lockable)
(Modern design, with
Reception Desk 1
countertop)
(L-shaped, with drawers and
Executive Desks 15
keyboard tray)

We are particularly interested in modern designs and durable materials to ensure the
longevity of the furniture. If your company offers customization options, please provide
details and any associated costs.
Please include the following information in your response:
 Unit prices for each item
 Bulk purchase discounts, if available
 Payment terms (through cheque)
 Estimated delivery time to our office address
We are eager to establish a long-term business relationship with your esteemed company and
believe that your furniture will greatly contribute to the aesthetics and functionality of our
workspace. We have heard positive recommendations about your services and appreciate
your attention to this matter. We look forward to receiving your positive response.
Thank you for your time and consideration.
Yours truly
(Signature)
9. Write an essay on “Health and Physical Exercising.”
In the fast-paced modern world, the significance of maintaining good health cannot be
overstated. One of the cornerstones of a healthy lifestyle is regular physical exercise.
Engaging in physical activities not only contributes to physical fitness but also plays a crucial
role in mental and emotional well-being.
Physical exercise is key to achieving and maintaining good health. Regular exercise helps
control weight by burning calories and improving metabolism. It also enhances
cardiovascular health, reducing the risk of heart disease and related complications. Exercise is
a potent stress reliever, releasing endorphins that act as natural mood lifters and alleviate
symptoms of anxiety and depression.
Moreover, physical activity is integral to maintaining optimal musculoskeletal health.
Weight-bearing exercises, such as strength training, contribute to bone density and reduce the
risk of osteoporosis. Flexibility exercises, like yoga, improve joint function and prevent
stiffness.
Furthermore, the benefits of physical exercise extend beyond individual well-being to societal
advantages. Healthier individuals contribute to a more productive workforce, reduce the
burden on healthcare systems, and foster a sense of community through shared recreational
activities.
In conclusion, health and physical exercising are intertwined components of a balanced and
fulfilling life. Prioritizing regular physical activity is an investment in overall well-being,
encompassing physical, mental, and emotional dimensions. Governments, communities, and
individuals should collaboratively promote a culture of physical fitness, recognizing its
pivotal role in the pursuit of a healthier and happier society. By embracing the value of health
and incorporating physical exercise into daily routines, individuals can embark on a journey
toward a more vibrant and resilient life.