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Tutorial 3 QM

The document contains a tutorial on Quantum Mechanics I, featuring exercises that cover topics such as particles in potential wells, boundary conditions, Schrödinger's equation, and energy states. Each exercise requires calculations related to wave functions, probabilities, and the behavior of particles in various potential energy scenarios. The tutorial aims to deepen understanding of quantum mechanics through practical problem-solving.

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7 views2 pages

Tutorial 3 QM

The document contains a tutorial on Quantum Mechanics I, featuring exercises that cover topics such as particles in potential wells, boundary conditions, Schrödinger's equation, and energy states. Each exercise requires calculations related to wave functions, probabilities, and the behavior of particles in various potential energy scenarios. The tutorial aims to deepen understanding of quantum mechanics through practical problem-solving.

Uploaded by

meryemmhn377
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UAMB –FSE –L2 Fundamental Physics Tutorial 3 Quantum Mechanics I 23/24

Exercice 1 :

A particle of mass m con…ned in an in…nite potential well of width a (0 x a) occupies the ground
state described by the wave function ' (x) = A sin ( x=a).
1. Find A.
a 3a
2. Calculate the probability of the particle’s presence in the interval 2
x 4
.
3. Calculate the mean value over position < x > and momentum < p >.
4. Determine the uncertainty on the position x and on the pulse p. Calculate the product x p:

Exercice 2 :

A particle of mass m is con…ned in a two-dimensional rectangular box. The con…nement potential V (x; y)
is given by :
0 0 x a and 0 y b
V (x; y) =
1 elsewhere
1. Specify the boundary conditions that the wave function (x; y; t) describing the particle must satisfy.
2. Express Schrödinger’s equation and, using the separation of variables procedure, …nd the eigenvalues
and eigenfunctions associated with the particle’s energy.

Exercice 3 :
In one dimension, consider a particle of mass m and potential energy :
8
< V0 x < 0 (region I)
V (x) = 0 0 x a (region II)
:
V0 x > a (region III)

Since the system is stationary, we are interested in studying the bound states of the particle for which the
energy E satis…es the condition 0 < E < V0 :
1. Write down the boundary conditions of the particle’s wave function.
2. Write the stationary Schrödinger equation in regions I, II and III. Calculate the explicit form of the
wave function in the three preceding regions.
3. Write down the continuity conditions for the wave function and its derivative at x = 0 and x = a.
4. Deduce an algebraic equation whose solutions are the possible energies of the particle.

Exercice 4 :
In one dimension, consider a particle of mass m and potential energy :
8
< 1 x < 0 (region I)
V (x) = 0 0 x a (region II)
:
V0 x > a (region III)

Since the system is stationary, we are interested in studying the bound states of the particle for which the
energy E veri…es the condition E < V0 .
1. Write down the boundary conditions of the particle’s wave function.
2. Write the stationary Schrödinger equation in regions II and III. Calculate the explicit form of the
wave function in the two preceding regions.
3. Using the continuity conditions for the wave function and its derivative at x = a, …nd an algebraic
equation whose solutions are the possible energies of the particle.

1
4. Without further calculation, graphically sketch the shape of the ground-state wave function.

Exercice 5 :
Consider a particle of mass m and energy E incident, from left to right, on a potential barrier given by the
…gure below

1. Determine the re‡ection factor R of this barrier for E > V0 .


2. Calculate the e¤ective depth xef f at which the particle enters the x > 0 domain for E < V0 (xef f is
a distance between the barrier boundary and the point where the probability density of …nding the
particle decreases by a factor e).

Exercice 6 :
Find for an electron of energy E the probability D of crossing the potential barrier of width l and height
V0 , Here are the two barriers to consider.

Use the formula Z


2 x2 p
D ' exp 2m (V (x) E)dx
~ x1

where x1 and x2 are the coordinates of the points between which V (x) > E:

Exercice 7 :
Consider the Hamiltonian H of a one-dimensional physical system formed by two particles of masses m1
and m2 respectively, and whose potential energy depends only on the distance between the two particles
x1 x,
p2 p2
H = 1 + 2 + V (x1 x2 )
2m1 2m2
1. Write the Schrödinger equation of the system using the new variables x and X, where
m1 x1 + m2 x2
x = x1 x2 (relative distance), X= (the center of mass).
m1 + m2

2. Use the separation of variables method to obtain the equations governing the evolution of the center
of mass and the relative distance of the two particles. Interpret the results.

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