Hl peo ComputeR Networks tt Computer Nehwork, bia So ; connecte Pomel ae A computes aiehmork. ts a Ack eet elie x : An Mmple terms Compalers connected Joa MNebwork + A melwwork is a- hot of devices Hak ane connected with a phuypical media Mink. In a nelwork Jno es reo reden ane ; tonnecked by prscical Mek or 40 ey more ee 1 by wne or more nedea, A node Can be any device et Capable of sendin, or acceiving the dota. -the Linke cetrmmet ‘ Me nodea ane Srown as communication channels, Im simple deem, nelwork is a colleen of devices conneded| FO eodA athet Jo allows sharing, of dala | tt Bob Widdory - 2dr 1969 , ARPANET (Advanced Research Project Agency Nelwork) becomes Me piri connectecl compures Welwork + W implemented Ine +CP/1e profocal, whidh Jaber become Hae Indeoneh FARPANET wos developed ky Advanced Reacarehreney (ARE Ja Aublet- of US Deporkment Aefence (dob), T why did Hoe DOD need Jo clevelep Nebwork Compudert ? TF Becowoe of Fre Cold wan bel” US 2 UssR(UnionSoviel Sexy rt Refubli the goal ap aepanee OD JO keep Lines {v. eee Of COmmunicahon apen 4 dhe USA ond tre USSR decied 40 Eechany nucleon devicer 2 ARPANET vevelhonizedd communication, by woing Packeh-Awild! jarhead of direck Connection Data Mah > Commurnitabed Soroush o Packet -gusilehi. buydlem is formated Into packels with an adar ert of Destination madre, anch kent onto Hre nekrork ond Pldksup by Ke Rept Madnine, The addwens in protacal- tells Whe muthine where Jo Rend he pares This wt she into. wilt reach ibs intended deinaken, oven } evoWide Ub dhanged ob stanbord He Oriuectity oh Oth UCLA (Untuertiby of California LA) ard UCSB Cunwertity of, Guede, Sante Ronbena) ‘I SI foml-=H Batic Terms in Gmputer Neboook:, Chienk' 2 dient 1s 0 computer Rardwone oevice ox felfwcone hoe OCEmeM arenvice made -avediable by a Acuver..The penevig 8 offen Cat not always) Jocated on o seponake phytical comp, d Ey Sewers. a seever isa phyricol compubet decicated 40 va 7] Aericen sto sexe the needs: obrer computes Deena on G The -servicto Haak ts winning .U could be a fe pervert, al olababovse peavey, Home _media sesver, ouint cower, wer pewer 4 ; : (dient EASE] Ba Hort - A nest is a computer, cmmiked Jo other compubers for whidyd U Provides dala ov sewvices over He nelwork antheory, every 4 compuker connected Jo a nelwork at on a her to other 4 peers on She network 7 By Peer. A Peey ts a robe tha provides the some femckionality | OS Cree . Bx two computer, In nehwork. one peers, er computer ana or herver are not peers 02 thers Perform 4 dillerert eperahe> ] A peer Ss femetinny or Fomeane That ty on equal mewrber OUP where Hrexes dome Hind of meloonship bel Ine | members of He group. 1 Z] Bomdridlh: debmork lenduity is a meaanemert tnabicobeg (eee : The maveimum capacity) of wired or wirelens communication — Dink By frawomit olatg aver a network. connector ina gluen awrcumt of Hoe TypicAlly shandwidHy “is wepreseded dntne numbers of bis, Kilobits, megabits or gigabits. tnal-con be * trowonlWeck in b Aecond, eae with capacihy handwidhh decceibes daha Hanger rate, shedk Speed , Speed refers 40 robe abwhidh doda canbe brenen pote Pre bandwith is ihe capadhy fer tor Speed Lares = 102 bits /s simlops = 1090000 lays Jibps : 1700 ats /gNw 5G | Ainjovmdbion ts jranoported from oor dala packels acrons nek, They ane usually gor ok igqulon JWewols and sake vr Mee tate ; a 8c amount ef Hine. 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By Seamenty ety Bre Tranpork povlecal is TCP He unt of, dade pend ' from TCP to nehwovk layin 1s called segments, Dy Frame :- A prame |s ogo a unit of lala, uk 1s & rotocal Dako Unit a Daka Lak lowes ‘ ore oThe PDU of Tramtper: dosjer i> carleck a9 Keaprments othe PDU of Nekwork Layes bs collec oo Packels othe PDU of Dala Unk dower Ss cabled 00 Framer. Ear Local Hort + twcal wart *s Your aur compude, Local hovt can be Acer of Aedver Hah ' uoedl am yor awn compufers borat Hart Lao Me UW Add + 127,0,9,4, GI Pik Rate: Une cauleg .q ire procen oh teanieg binary dale jolo a Hac mene gral is kdown as Lane cod ‘take »- ork. ConnecHows con Senc ils very feu. we maraune Hak speed wring git-vad ‘ ae ees ae ¢. The Kueoerr of hits of date Mele u + Gel Lotency :. 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Undronalaty | ~ . 5 ee 5 ‘ ant : Toon a Router receives Mme dala, Ur dekerm oe enttcabion oddae \ by eadinn ahe header of the packek Onen Weaddsens ts deleemined , Ue peondh®d in Us Roukag dalle by get kneve Wow $0 wweadn Lhe destnakon ond tren fo 4 Pre packel to te Weer Wop on tre TRUE, Ane Wop cod be Hre tinal chertinahon or another reuters, Roubiog tablet Ur plays a very plvoleh vole in letting Mre vouber maken decision, Thus 0 routing Sable Is 0 bo be updated anc complete, Ane woos Through vdsidA o vouker Com vedieve tnpormahion ane !- ‘A shasic Poubing:- re voukian lprmakin ts fea into Ursroubs } Johle -mandly, Ur doeo wecomed 0 Hare~tedelng tour gets prone bo eras ao well. static Routing it feasinte for Hanieat environment wih minimum of one or Routers, GY Dynamic Routing: Pox Longer environment of Dynamic Peubing prover 4o be ME practical golubion, The precer involves wdeob pecutian routing protocals bo held communtiealion. tne pangpese af Frese protetal 7s to enable Hre other wouter, fo Srensfer “ehprmetion oleunt ober routerxs. 40 Hat rhe akner wouters can built thar ew soubrs bobles. fg) GIGI! Re peodes Ty voed Jo eafend dhe ACFE of adie A} Ho Hak the Agnal can cover Longer distances, O repeale- is aw electronic device Hho veckelved o pelgnol ond we-bronamibs Uk, Repeaters is uoed for wiser medium Go well ao ewireless meaium, Typenot Repeadexs 2 Anato eee * Dis epeoter * MiXowoue Repeater # SobcUite Re pealer © WG Reperter/LoLANn Repeoter «LTE Repeater » Optcol Repeaters pwueSe pe — {3} Bridges A beccuase They cen polentiellys plecd ond ley o Jonge nebwerk hanes A® WWele ohilty ty Pevedeant dala to all the notes if Hrey dont Inow Whe deakinahion voder mat Address A bridge is a type of, nefwork device Shak provide interconnection evitn eb bridne netwosks Hak uses Wee Jame protocal, A A beSdye 13 a compakes networlddlevice Mat builis the connection BAW Shee bridge nekworks Hak u0ed the Kame pretecal, 4 Th works ab the Data Link layer Of Hee OSI modeR each connecks 4 Aillevent nelworles fagelrer amd develops communication behveed rem, 4 Bridyes one Aloilon to repeater A Hubn Pa Hrakthey brnadcant clgg Av every node, However Baidge maintain dhe Media Acres Cont CmAC) addvers Table ao poor as Ahey dittover: mew segments, go Subsequent tranamistions ane gent toenly Jo fhe clemzed veupiert, 4 bridlge woes olatabare to ascertain where Jo pach tranemit or discord) the olatey prome 4 Oo 'h Fre frame secelved by He badge is meant por a4 Sejm Wok oevides$ on We Save hot nebvosk. ir ySil\ paos tne yrange Eo tab pede and 4 he Neceivivd bridge wil tren cligcand UF a DU Wwe bridge relive o prame worse node met hadreos Isepane 4 somnected nekwork, tk will yormsond the freime foward tr, 4 “Wed Trawaponent Bride © Seunce Povte Beane OAronslahion Roidge 4 mohwark loeige Aewice 14 primarily used tn Lang Lot Aan ao [0] Broukens!. Browters one re combinabion of bern he bridge oma) vouters.they lake up Hre funckionality of tre beth etusertieg 7 devices sewvieg 20 4 ‘oatda e when farwondiry dakar belwees a Nebworks awh Aewvirg) ONO router when hing dola +0 | Nadividlnad syttenns, 4 Brouters funclion 07 a filles dha alles forme deter inte Hae local rebroork onc vedizec UnkMoON dala Fo Hre ether nekeork Broukers operate of both ste nehuok lay eo for moutable oro And ak te clata fink layer for non-youtabte prOtocals Ay nek A continue Joloecome move compen a mix oh both youtaele and | nen veutable protouls Kan led to he need Op Phe combined deabesves 4 Arde and routers 4 BSwoubers handle’ 20th woutable ond nan routeble -featnen lay | ockya as vroules Yor Toutable protoals omol lortges hoy ae | 1 protecal,POD Nettle Card | alto Eneven aa nebwork Interface Card (16%) ore horduane deutces Har connetts a computer with Wee nebwore +k is fastallead on bre mather 'boond “they ore veaponsible Jor developigg > Pryeteal connection behueen Dre rrekwork. cna Hre computer, Computers clata is tranalded into electvical signals gerd to'the nebwok, Nia Nekwosk, luterfeice Cand ‘ eThey, also wrange Gore importonh dolar corsieviion Punchion, Network Profocd | Network protorals clefine o Jangumre of inabudion And convenHons for communication behween the nelwork devices, Ub is emenal Hat a nebworked computer must have one ox more Protocol ctrivers. Usually Jor uso Compuderd 0 jaberconneck on a network. hey must yoo ternal protecals, Aba Hmes Computers Ase clesiqned +o uso mulhiple pyotocsls, Wetwosk Protocols Like WT TP, TCP/IP ebjer @ bowl an yohich much of Pdesner pticlt . Integrated SewviccoDigilal Nebwoast(isON) ‘~ ISDN ane used bo Aend ever geophicel ex audio data filo, Ib is a WAN Technolagy hat can be woed in place of adial up Link. Uk gumely prodiveo Wigley Speed Kron a modem and nao tre capability Jo pick “Up the Line and okop Ub considerably ab faster role. 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