€D tutorialspoint Page bots VB.Net - Exception Handling ‘An exception is a problem that arises during the execution of a program. An exception is a response to an exceptional circumstance that arises while a program is running, such as an attempt to divide by zero. Exceptions provide a way to transfer control from one part of a program to another. VB.Net exception handling is built upon four keywords - Try, Catch, Finally and Throw. = Try - A Try block identifies a block of code for which particular exceptions will be activated, It's followed by one or more Catch blocks. ™ Catch — A program catches an exception with an exception handler at the place in a program where you want to handle the problem. The Catch keyword indicates the catching of an exception. = Finally — The Finally block is used to execute a given set of statements, whether an exception is thrown or not thrown, For example, if you open a file, it must be closed whether an exception is raised or not. = Throw ~ A program throws an exception when a problem shows up. This is done using a Throw keyword Syntax Assuming a block will raise an exception, a method catches an exception using a combination of the Try and Catch keywords. A Try/Catch block is placed around the code that might generate an exception. Code within a Try/Catch block is referred to as protected code, and the syntax for using Try/Catch looks like the following — Ty [ tryStatements ] [Exit Try ] [ Catch [ exception [ As type ] ] [ When expression ] [ catchStatements ] ( Exit Try 1] [ Catch ... ] [ Finally [ finallyStatements ] ] End Try You can list down multiple catch statements to catch different type of exceptions in case your try block raises more than one exception in different situations.€D tutorialspoint aged os Exception Classes in .Net Framework In the .Net Framework, exceptions are represented by classes. The exception classes in -Net Framework are mainly directly or indirectly derived from the System.Exception class, Some of the exception classes derived from the System.Exception class are the System.ApplicationException and System.SystemException classes. ‘The System.ApplicationException class supports exceptions generated by application programs. So the exceptions defined by the programmers should derive from this class. The System.SystemException class is the base class for all predefined system exception. The following table provides some of the predefined exception classes derived from the Sytem.SystemException class — Exception Class Description System.1O.1OException Handles 1/0 errors. Handles errors generated when a method System. IndexOutOfRangeExcep! refers to an array index out of range. Handles errors generated when type is System.Ar ‘TypeMi tchE ti soma ecm emmmeeee Ae" mismatched with the array type. Handles errors generated from deferencing a System.NullReferenceException null object. Handles errors generated from dividing a m,DivideByZeroException System.DivideSyZeroExceptio dividend with zero. System. InvalidCastException Handles errors generated during typecasting, Handles errors generated from insufficient free System.OutOfMemoryException memory. System.StackOverflowException Handles errors generated from stack overflow. Explore our latest online courses and learn new skills at your own pace. Enroll and become a certified expert to boost your career. Handling Exceptions VB.Net provides a structured solution to the exception handling problems in the form of try and catch blocks, Using these blocks the core program statements are separated from the error-handling statements.€D tutorialspoint These error handling blocks are implemented using the Try, Catch and Finally keywords. Following is an example of throwing an exception when dividing by zero condition occurs — Module exceptionProg Sub division(Byval nun As Integer, ByVal num2 As Integer) Dim result As Integer Try result = numi \ nun2 Catch e As DivideByZeroException Console.WriteLine("Exception caught: {@}", e) Finally Console.WriteLine("Result: {@}", result) End Try End sub Sub Main() division(25, 6) Console. Readkey() End Sub End Module When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result — Exception caught: System.DivideByZeroException: Attempted to divide by zero. at... Result: 0 Creating User-Defined Exceptions You can also define your own exception, User-defined exception classes are derived from the ApplicationException class. The following example demonstrates this ~ Module exceptionProg Public Class TempIsZeroException : Inherits ApplicationException Public Sub New(ByVal message As String) MyBase .New(message) End Sub End Class Public Class Temperature Dim temperature As Integer = 0 Sub showTemp() Page 3f5€D tutorialspoint Pagesors If (temperature = @) Then Throw (New TempIsZeroException("Zero Temperature found")) Else Console.writeLine("Tenperature: {@)", temperature) End If End Sub End Class Sub Main() Dim temp As Temperature = New Tenperature() Try ‘temp. showTemp() Catch e As TemplsZeroException Console.WriteLine("TenpIszeroException: {0}", e.Message) End Try Console.ReadKey() End Sub End Module When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result — ‘TemplsZeroException: Zero Temperature found Throwing Objects You can throw an object if it is either directly or indirectly derived from the System.Exception class. You can use a throw statement in the catch block to throw the present object as — Throw [ expression ] The following program demonstrates this ~ Module exceptionProg Sub Main() Try Throw New ApplicationException("A custom exception _ is being thrown het Catch e As Exception Console.WriteLine(e.Message) Finally Console.WriteLine("Now inside the Finally Block") End Try Console. Readkey()D tutorialspoint Page Sof End sub End Module When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result — A custom exception is being thrown here... Now inside the Finally Block