PHP Complete Notes (Beginner to Advanced)
Chapter 1: Introduction to PHP
PHP stands for Hypertext Preprocessor. It is a server-side scripting language embedded in HTML.
Key features: Open-source, interpreted, loosely typed, and cross-platform.
Used to create dynamic and interactive websites.
Syntax:
<?php
echo 'Hello, world!';
?>
A PHP script starts with <?php and ends with ?>.
PHP Complete Notes (Beginner to Advanced)
Chapter 2: Variables, Data Types and Operators
PHP variables are declared using the $ sign. E.g., $name = 'John';
Data types: String, Integer, Float, Boolean, Array, Object, NULL
Operators: Arithmetic (+ - * / %), Assignment (= +=), Comparison (== != ===), Logical (&& || !)
PHP Complete Notes (Beginner to Advanced)
Chapter 3: Control Structures
if, else, elseif: Used for decision making.
switch: Used to select one of many blocks of code.
Loops: while, do-while, for, foreach
Example:
if ($age > 18) {
echo 'Adult';
} else {
echo 'Minor';
}
PHP Complete Notes (Beginner to Advanced)
Chapter 4: Functions in PHP
Functions are blocks of code that can be reused.
Syntax:
function greet() {
echo 'Hello!';
Arguments and Return values:
function add($a, $b) {
return $a + $b;
}
PHP Complete Notes (Beginner to Advanced)
Chapter 5: Arrays and Loops
Indexed Arrays, Associative Arrays, Multidimensional Arrays.
Use foreach loop to traverse arrays.
$fruits = array('apple', 'banana');
foreach ($fruits as $fruit) {
echo $fruit;
}
PHP Complete Notes (Beginner to Advanced)
Chapter 6: Forms and User Input
HTML forms are used to collect data from users.
Use $_GET and $_POST to collect form data.
<form method='post'>
<input name='name'>
</form>
Access in PHP: $name = $_POST['name'];
PHP Complete Notes (Beginner to Advanced)
Chapter 7: File Handling in PHP
Open, Read, Write files using functions: fopen(), fread(), fwrite(), fclose().
$file = fopen('data.txt', 'r');
$content = fread($file, filesize('data.txt'));
fclose($file);
PHP Complete Notes (Beginner to Advanced)
Chapter 8: Sessions and Cookies
Sessions store data across multiple pages.
Start with session_start();
Use $_SESSION['key'] = 'value';
Cookies are stored in the browser. Set with setcookie() and read with $_COOKIE.
PHP Complete Notes (Beginner to Advanced)
Chapter 9: MySQL Database with PHP
Use mysqli_connect() to connect to a database.
Perform CRUD operations (Create, Read, Update, Delete).
$conn = mysqli_connect('localhost', 'user', 'pass', 'dbname');
$result = mysqli_query($conn, 'SELECT * FROM table');
PHP Complete Notes (Beginner to Advanced)
Chapter 10: PHP OOP (Object-Oriented Programming)
Classes and Objects: class Car { public $color; function drive() {} }
Constructors, Inheritance, Access Modifiers (public, private, protected)
PHP Complete Notes (Beginner to Advanced)
Practice Projects (Beginner to Advanced)
1. Simple Calculator using PHP
2. Login and Registration System (with Validation)
3. Contact Form with Email Sending
4. File Upload System
5. Basic Blog System using PHP and MySQL
6. Online Quiz Application
7. Student Management System
8. Chat Application using PHP and AJAX
9. E-commerce Product Display Page
10. Smart Parking System (Track available/occupied spots)
