Base Build-Out, ANA Regional Brigade, Herat, Afghanistan AFHERATA

SECTION 16272

UNIT SUB-STATION TYPE TRANSFORMERS

PART 1 GENERAL

1.1 REFERENCES

The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the

extent referenced. The publications are referred to within the text by the
basic designation only.

AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE (ANSI)

ANSI C57.12.00 (2000) IEEE Standard General Requirements

for Liquid-Immersed Distribution, Power,
and Regulating Transformers

ANSI C57.12.10 (1988) Safety Requirements for

Transformers 230 kV and Below 833/958
Through 8333/10417 kVA, Single-Phase, and
750/862 Through 60 000/80 000/100 000 kVA,
Three-Phase Without Load Tap Charging; and
3750/4687 Through 60 000/80 000/100 000
kVA With Load Tap Charging

ANSI C57.12.13 (1982) Conformance Requirements for

Liquid-Filled Transformers Used in Unit
Installations, Including Unit Substations

ANSI C57.12.70 Terminal Markings and Connections for

Distribution and Power Transformers

ANSI C57.12.80 Terminology for Power and Distibution

Transformers

ANSI C57.12.90 (1990) Test Code for Liquid-Immersed

Distribution, Power and Regulating
Transformers and Guide for Short-Circuit
Testing of Distribution and Power
Transformers

ANSI C57.92 IEEE Guide for Loading Mineral Oil

Immersed Power Transformers Up to and
Including 100 MVA with 55 C or 65 C
Average Winding Rise

NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION (NEMA)

NEMA 210 Secondary Unit Substations

1.2 SUBMITTALS

Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation;

submittals not having a "G" designation are for information only or as
otherwise designated. When used, a designation following the "G"

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designation identifies the office that will review the submittal for the
Government. The following shall be submitted in accordance with Section
01335 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:

SD-02 Shop Drawings

Transformer Shop Drawings;

Complete outline and arrangement drawings of the transformer

showing plan and elevation views. Include overall dimensions,
conduit or cable entrance locations and dimensions, and weights as
required.

Wiring Diagrams;

Electrical wiring and connection diagrams for all applicable

accessories as required.

SD-03 Product Data

Nameplate;

Nameplate drawing with connection schematic as required.

Catalog Cut Sheets;

Catalog cut sheets and descriptive literature including ratings

for the transformer and accessories as required.

SD-10 Operations and Maintenance Data

Instruction Manuals;

Instruction manuals describing the orderly assembly, installation,

and connection of the transformer.

1.3 DEFINITIONS

Terms used in this section shall be in accordance with ANSI C57.12.70.

1.4 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

Provide Liquid-immersed, unit-substation type transformers in

accordance with these specifications.

Transformer shall be suitable for step-up operation.

1.5 INSTRUCTION MANUALS

Instruction manuals shall include as a minimum, information for the

following equipment:

a. Details of the transformer.

b. Details of major and serviceable components.
c. Accessories.

Instructions shall describe receipt, handling, care, inspection,

installation, operation, and maintenance of the transformer and accessories.

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1.6 QUALITY ASSURANCE

Manufacturer shall have a thoroughly documented, written quality assurance

and inspection program. Documentation shall be available to the Project
Engineer upon request.

All test equipment shall be calibrated and traceable to the National Bureau
of Standards.

1.7 FACTORY TESTING

Tests shall be performed in accordance with all applicable standards to

include ANSI C57.12.90 latest revision.

The manufacturer shall perform all routine tests as described in ANSI

C57.12.00, Table 16 plus the additional test listed below on every
transformer supplied under these specifications.

a. Ratio Test.
b. Polarity and Phase Relation Test.
c. No-Load Loss and Excitation Current Test.
d. Low Frequency Dielectric Tests which include:

(1) Applied Potential Test.

(2) Induced Potential Test.

e. Resistance Measurements Test.

f. Impedance Voltage and Load Loss Test.
g. Dissipation Factor Test(Capacitance Bridge Method).
h. One Quality Control Impulse Test at 100 percent of rated BIL.
i. Tank Weld seams are to be checked for holes using a dye penetrant prior
to vacuum filling.
j. Mechanical Pressure Leak Test(minimum 51.7 kPa for 24 hours on tank and
cooling panels).

The following design tests shall be performed only if test reports are not
available on duplicate or essentially duplicate transformers.

a. Full ANSI Lightning Impulse Test(including one full wave, two chopped
waves, and one reduced wave).
b. Temperature Test.
c. Audible Sound Level Test.

Certified Test Reports shall be provided upon completion of all tests.

1.8 MANUFACTURER QUALIFICATIONS

The manufacturer shall be regularly engaged in, and have a minimum of 10

years experience in the production of liquid filled distribution
transformers in the type and size(s) specified herein.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.1 MANUFACTURERS

Transformer: Alstom (AREVA Transmission and Distribution)

Other approved manufacturer.

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2.2 UNIT SUBSTATION TYPE TRANSFORMERS

Electrical Characteristics

a. 1000 kVA.
b. Three Phase.
c. Mineral Oil.
d. Temperature Rise 45/55 degree C Rise
e. Cooling: OA/FA.
f. Frequency: 50 hertz.
g. The winding conductor shall be the manufacturers standard electrical
grade conductor material: Copper.
h. The cooling air(ambient temperature) shall not exceed 50 degrees C and
the average cooling air shall not exceed 40 degrees C in any 24 hour
period.
i. 15000 High-voltage and BIL: 95.
j. High voltage windings shall be Delta connected.
k. Taps for De-energized Operation shall be 2-2.5% FCAN & 2-2.5% FCBN.
l. Impedance shall be 5.75% plus or minus ANSI standard tolerance of 7.5%.
m 380Y/220 Low-voltage and BIL: 30.
n. Low-voltage windings shall be Wye.
o. Designed for step-up operation.

2.3 MECHANICAL ARRANGEMENT

High voltage spade bushings shall be sidewall mounted and enclosed in a

full length air chamber as required for application.

Low voltage spade bushings shall be sidewall mounted and enclosed in a full
length air chamber as required for application.

2.4 MINIMUM ACCESSORIES

a. Dial type thermometer with two contacts.

b. Liquid level gauge.
c. Pressure-vacuum gauge.
d. 25 mm lower drain valve with sample valve.
e. Pressure relief valve or cover mounted mechanical pressure relief
device above 2500 kVA.
f. Non-PCB label.
g. 25 mm upper fill/filter press pipe plug or 25 mm upper fill valve above
2500 kVA.
h. Gas sample valve in air space above fluid.
i. 15 kV distribution class arresters.
j. 220 VAC single phase standard fan package.
k. Ground bus in HV and LV air terminal chambers.
l. Cable supports in HV and LV air terminal chambers.
m. Strip heaters with thermostats in HV and LV air terminal chambers.

2.5 ENCLOSURE CONSTRUCTION

The transformer base, tank, and cabinet shall be manufactured of cold

rolled mild steel. Minimum cabinet material thickness shall be 2.5 mm gauge.

Radiators, if required shall be 1.1 mm mild steel. Radiators shall be of

the flat panel, common header type.

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2.6 CORROSION PROTECTION

The paint system shall consist of a rust inhibiting primer(0.038 mm

minimum) applied over a shot-blasted surface with an acrylic enamel top
coat (0.076 mm minimum).The final color shall be ASA 61.

2.7 TRANSFORMER SECTION

The following specifies the construction requirements for the design,

manufacturing, and testing of outdoor, three-phase, liquid-filled, unit
substation or substation type, distribution transformers.

a. The transformers shall be manufactured in strict accordance with

applicable ANSI/IEEE and NEMA standards to include ANSI C57.12.00, ANSI
C57.12.10, ANSI C57.12.13, and NEMA 210 except where modified by these
specifications.
b. Transformers shall be supplied with a welded main tank cover and be of
a sealed-tank construction designed to withstand a pressure of 10 psig
without permanent distortion. The tank cover shall be domed to shed
water and be supplied with a tamper-resistant access handhole sized to
allow access to internal bushing and switching connections. The
transformers shall remain effectively sealed for a top-oil temperature
of -5 degrees C to +105 degrees C. When necessary to meet the
temperature rise rating specified above, flat cooling panels of the
common header type shall be provided.
c. The transformer manufacturer shall certify that the transformer is
Non-PCB containing no detectable PCB's. Do not provide non-flammable
transformer liquids including askarel and insulating liquids containing
tetrachloroethylene, perchloroethylene, chlorine compounds, or
halogenated compounds.
d. When high-voltage taps are specified above, full-capacity taps shall be
provided with tap changing mechanism designed for de-energized
operation. Then tapchanger operator handle shall be provided with
means for padlocking.
e. The coil windings shall be of the two winding type, designed to reduce
losses and manufactured with the conductor material as specified above.
The windings shall incorporate a secondary sheet conductor to maximize
short-circuit strength. All insulating materials shall be rated for 65
degrees C rise, 80 degrees C hot-spot operation.
f. The core assembly shall be a five legged, distributed gap, wound core,
designed with a low flux density to minimize noise. The core material
shall be high grade, grain oriented, non-aging silicon core steel with
high magnetic permeability, low hysteresis and eddy current losses.
Magnetic flux densities are to be kept well below saturation level to
allow for minimum of 10 percent overvoltage excitation. The cores shall
be properly annealed to reduce stresses induced during the
manufacturing processes and reduce core losses.
g. The core frame shall be designed to provide maximum support of the core
and coil assembly. The core frame shall be welded or bolted to ensure
maximum short-circuit strength.
h. The core and coil assembly shall be designed and manufactured to meet
the short-circuit requirements of ANSI C57.12.90. The core and coil
assembly shall be baked in an oven prior to tanking to set the epoxy
coating on the Kraft paper and remove moisture from the insulation
prior to vacuum filling.
i. The transformer shall be vacuum filled with the appropriate fluid as
indicated above. The process shall be of sufficient vacuum and duration
to ensure that the core and coil assembly is free of moisture prior to
filling the tank.

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j. The transformer shall be thoroughly cleaned prior to painting with

special attention given to removing chalk marks, weld slag, and any
other contaminants. The tank and all metal parts shall be shot-blasted
to white metal and immediately primed with a rust inhibiting primer.
After assembly, all parts shall be steam cleaned to remove oil residue
or other contaminants prior to applying the finish coat. The finish
coat shall consist of a minimum 0.076 mm of acrylic enamel applied over
a minimum of 0.038 mm of primer. The final color shall be as specified
above.
k. Comply with ANSI C57.92 for loading mineral oil transformers.
l. Terminal markings and connections shall be in accordance with ANSI
C57.12.80.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.1 INSTALLATION

Electrical installations shall conform to IEEE, NFPA, or equivalent DIN,

I.E.C., BS, or EN standards.

3.2 ACCEPTANCE

Acceptance of the transformers is contingent upon satisfactorily meeting

these specifications and tests as specified herein.

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