Submitted by Shri Shamrao Patil(Yadravkar) Educational & Charitable Trust

Sharad Institute of Technology College of Engineering, Yadrav(Ichalkaranji)

(An Autonomous Institute)

Department of Basic Sciences & Humanities

A Mini Project on

Transformer Overheat Protection Using

Temperature Sensor
Submitted By

Anuja Uttam Jagadale (H03)

S AKSHI SHIVANAND KUMBHAR

(H07)

A RATI MAHADEV PATIL

(H24)

S AMIN JAVED KHALIFA

(H27)

S AVITRI SIDDHU HAJARE

(H30)
 Under the guidance of

Mrs. Deepa karwa

ACADEMIC YEAR 2023 - 24

Shri Shamrao Patil(Yadravkar) Educational & Charitable Trust

Sharad Institute of Technology College of Engineering,

Yadrav(Ichalkaranji)

CERTIFICATE

This is certify that,

1) Anuja Uttam Jagadale (H03)

2) S AKSHI SHIVANAND KUMBHAR

(H07)

3) A RATI MAHADEV PATIL

(H24)

4) S AMIN JAVED KHALIFA

(H27)

5) S AVITRI SIDDU HAJARE

(H30)

Studying in F.E. (ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING ) has successfully completed

the project entitled “TRANSFORMER OVERHEAT PROTECTION USING TEMPERATURE
SENSOR "under the guidance and supervision of Prof.(MRS. DEEPA KARWA) during
the academic year 2023-2024 in Basic Sciences and Humanities, SITCOE Yadrav.
(Mrs. Deepa Karwa) Dr. Sarika Patil Dr.
S.A.Khot

Mini Project Guide HOD,BSH Department

Principal

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We take this opportunity to express our profound gratitude and deep

regards to our guide Mrs. Deepa Karwa for her exemplary guidance and

Technical Guide is Mr. K. H. Shedbalkar for monitoring and constant

encouragement throughout the course the course of this project. The

blessing, help and guidance given by him/her time to time shall carry us a

long way in the journey of life on which we are about to embark.

We also take this opportunity to express a deep sense of gratitude to

our principal, Dr. S. A. Khot and our HoD, Dr. Sarika Patil for their cordial

support, valuable information and guidance, which helped us in completing

this task through various stages.

We are obliged to all faculty and staff members of all departments of

our Sharad Institute of Technology, College of Engineering, Yadrav for the

valuable information provided by them in their respective fields. We are

grateful for their cooperation during the period of our assignment.

 Lastly, we thank almighty, our parents, brothers, sisters, friends and

our colleagues for their constant encouragement without which this

assignment would not be possible.

INDEX
1) INTRODUCTION

2) COMPONENTS

3) PROJECT MODEL

4) BLOCK DIAGRAM

5) WORKING PRINCIPLE

6) CONSTRUCTION

7) TESTING AND RESULT

8) ADVANTAGES

9) DISADVANTAGES

10) APPLICATIONS

11) CONCLUSION

12) REFERANCES
**Title **:TRANSFORMER OVERHEAT PROTECTION USING

TEMPERATURE SENSOR
**1. Introduction**:
Transformers transfers electrical energy between circuits completely
insulated from each other. During this transfer of energy voltage level may
be stepped up/down (depending on the tums) with consequent
decrease/increase currents from primary to secondary windings, thus
maintaining the power transferred constant. Therefore when voltage is
stepped up the current is stepped down. This makes it possible to use very
high voltages for transmission lines resulting in a lower current. Higher
voltage and lower current reduce the conductor size, transmission line losses
and improves the voltage regulation as well. Transformers have made
possible economic delivery of electric power over long distances. In our
country the electrical energy is usually generated at 11 or 15.75 or 2l kv,
stepped up to l32;220;400 or 765 kV with the help of step up transformers
for transmission and then stepped down the voltage to 11 kV for feeding
distributing transformers stepping down the voltage further to 400/230 volts
for the consumer uses.

**2. Components**:
-Diode

- IC 7805 5

-Capacitor

- Temperature Sensor LM35

- LM358 Operational Amplifier

-Preset 10K Potentiometer

- Relay Driver IC ULN2003 PIN Diagram

-Relay

- LED

**3.PROJECT MODEL** :

FIG .PROJECT MODEL

**4. Block Diagram**:
**5. Working Principle**:
-The working principle of a transformer overheat protection using a
temperature sensor revolves around monitoring the temperature of the
transformer and taking action if it exceeds a predetermined threshold.
-The temperature sensor continuously measures the temperature of the
transformer. This sensor could be a thermistor or an integrated temperature
sensor.

**7. Construction**:
- The circuit is constructed on a breadboard following the schematic
diagram.

- Components are connected using single strength wires.

**8. Testing and Results**:

- The circuit is tested on breadboard to observe the switching action of the
relay.

- The LED indicator confirms the status of the switch (on/off).

**10. Advantages**:
-Early Detection

-Accuracy
-Preventive Maintenance

-Safety

-Cost Effective

-Remote Monitoring

-Integration

**11. Disadvantages**:
-Limited Scope

-Localized Hotspots

-Response Time

-Environmental Influence

-Sensor Malfunction

-Cost and Complexity

**12. Applications**:
-Power Distribution Systems

-Industrial Processes

-Renewable Energy Systems

-Commercial Buildings

-Data Centers

-Transportation Infrastructure
**14. Conclusion**:
Transformer overheat protection using temperature sensors offers numerous
benefits, including enhanced safety, prolonged transformer lifespan, and
prevention of costly damages. Regular maintenance and testing are vital to
ensure the system's reliability and effectiveness. By implementing a
comprehensive protection system and following proper maintenance
protocols, transformer overheating can be effectively mitigated, ensuring
uninterrupted power supply and minimizing downtime.

**15. References**:
www.hebeiltd.com

https://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/UnsignedLong