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Friend Function

The document provides an overview of C++ classes, including the implementation of constructors, destructors, and friend functions. It explains the difference between default and parameterized constructors, along with examples of each. Additionally, it describes how friend functions can access private members of a class and includes sample code demonstrating these concepts.

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7 views6 pages

Friend Function

The document provides an overview of C++ classes, including the implementation of constructors, destructors, and friend functions. It explains the difference between default and parameterized constructors, along with examples of each. Additionally, it describes how friend functions can access private members of a class and includes sample code demonstrating these concepts.

Uploaded by

sridhar2879
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

#include <iostream>

2. using namespace std;

3. class Employee {

4. public:

5. int id; //data member (also instance variable)

6. string name; //data member(also instance variable)

7. float salary;

8. Employee(int id, string name, float salary)

9. {

10. this->id = id;

11. this->name = name;

12. this->salary = salary;

13. }

14. void display()

15. {

16. cout<<id<<" "<<name<<" "<<salary<<endl;

17. }

18. };

19. int main(void) {

20. Employee e1 =Employee(101, "Sonoo", 890000); //creating an object of Employee

21. Employee e2=Employee(102, "Nakul", 59000); //creating an object of Employee

22. e1.display();

23. e2.display();

24. return 0;

25. }
Output:

101 Sonoo 890000

102 Nakul 59000

Friend Function

Friend function is a function which is not the member of the class instead of that it can access private
and protected members of class.

Syntax

Friend return type function name(class ob)

Friend function is declared in the class with friend keyword

Friend function can become friend to more than one class

Class a

Int a,b;

Public:

Void input()

Cout<<”enter values”;

Cin>>a>>b;

Friend void add(a ob)

Int c;

C=ob.a+ob.b;
Cout<<”sum is”<<c;

Int main()

A kk;

kk.input();

add(kk);

return 0;

C++ Constructor

In C++, constructor is a special method which is invoked automatically at the time of object creation. It is
used to initialize the data members of new object generally. The constructor in C++ has the same name
as class or structure.

There can be two types of constructors in C++.

o Default constructor

o Parameterized constructor

C++ Default Constructor

A constructor which has no argument is known as default constructor. It is invoked at the time of
creating object.

Let's see the simple example of C++ default Constructor.

1. #include <iostream>

2. using namespace std;

3. class Employee

4. {

5. public:

6. Employee()

7. {
8. cout<<"Default Constructor Invoked"<<endl;

9. }

10. };

11. int main(void)

12. {

13. Employee e1; //creating an object of Employee

14. Employee e2;

15. return 0;

16. }

Output:

Default Constructor Invoked

Default Constructor Invoked

C++ Parameterized Constructor

A constructor which has parameters is called parameterized constructor. It is used to provide different
values to distinct objects.

Let's see the simple example of C++ Parameterized Constructor.

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class Employee {

public:

int id;//data member (also instance variable)

string name;//data member(also instance variable)

float salary;

Employee(int i, string n, float s)

id = i;
name = n;

salary = s;

void display()

cout<<id<<" "<<name<<" "<<salary<<endl;

};

int main(void) {

Employee e1 =Employee(101, "Sonoo", 890000); //creating an object of Employee

Employee e2=Employee(102, "Nakul", 59000);

e1.display();

e2.display();

return 0;

Output:

101 Sonoo 890000

102 Nakul 59000

C++ Destructor

A destructor works opposite to constructor; it destructs the objects of classes. It can be defined only
once in a class. Like constructors, it is invoked automatically.

A destructor is defined like constructor. It must have same name as class. But it is prefixed with a tilde
sign (~).

C++ Constructor and Destructor Example

Let's see an example of constructor and destructor in C++ which is called automatically.

1. #include <iostream>
2. using namespace std;

3. class Employee

4. {

5. public:

6. Employee()

7. {

8. cout<<"Constructor Invoked"<<endl;

9. }

10. ~Employee()

11. {

12. cout<<"Destructor Invoked"<<endl;

13. }

14. };

15. int main(void)

16. {

17. Employee e1; //creating an object of Employee

18. Employee e2; //creating an object of Employee

19. return 0;

20. }

Output:

Constructor Invoked

Constructor Invoked

Destructor Invoked

Destructor Invoked

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